A study led by Professor Mark Weir of Tel Aviv University and the Sheba Medica

题文

A study led by Professor Mark Weir of Tel Aviv University and the Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer Hospital has determined that young men who smoke are likely to have lower IQs than their non-smoking peers (同龄人). Tracking 18-to 21-year-old men enlisted in the Israeli army in the largest ever study of its kind, he has been able to demonstrate an important connection between the number of cigarettes young males smoke and their IQ.The average IQ for a non-smoker was about 101, while the smokers’ average was more than ven IQ points lower, at about 94, the study determined. The IQs of young men who smoked more than a pack a day were lower still, at about 90. An IQ score in a healthy population of such young men, with no mental disorders(心理疾病), falls within the range of 84 to 116.An addiction that doesn’t discriminate(歧视)“In the health profession, we’ve generally thought that smokers are most likely the kind of people who have grown up in difficult neighborhoods, or who’ve been given less education at good schools,” says Weir, who study was reported in a recent version of the journal, Addiction, “But becau our study included subjects with various socio-economic backgrounds, we’ve been able to rule out socio-economics as a major factor. The government might want to rethink how it arranges its educational resources on smoking.Making the results more significant, the study also measured effects in twin brothers. In the ca where one twin smoked, the non-smoking twin registered a higher IQ on average.Although a lower IQ may suggest a greater risk for smoking addiction, the reprenting data on IQ and smoking found that most of the smokers investigated in the study had IQs within the average range, nevertheless.In the study, rearchers took data from more than 20,000 men before, during and after their time in the military. All men in the study were considered in good health, since pre-screening(筛选的)measures for suitability in the army had already been taken. The rearchers found that around 28 percent of their samples smoked one or more cigarettes a day, 3 percent considered themlves ex-smokers, and 68 percent said they never smoked.“People on the lower end of the average IQ tend to display poorer overall decision-making skills when it comes to their health,” says Weir. He adds that his finding can help address rious concern among heath counllors at grade and high schools.小题1:The study led by Professor Mark Weir shows that    .A．the IQ of smoking males is lower than that of non-smokers B．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of non-smokersC．the IQ of smoking males is the same as that of non-smokersD．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of female smokers小题2:According to the passage, a smoking man’s IQ is most likely to be    .A．101B．94 C．80D．120小题3:What can be learned from the passage? A．People in the military are more likely to become smokers than other people.B．Most heavy smokers are found to have mental problems.C．Socio-economic backgrounds have nothing to do with smoking behaviour.D．People with lower IQs tend to be less good at controlling their addiction to smoking.小题4:What is the meaning of the underlined part “An addiction that doesn’t discriminate”?A．Smokers do not believe their IQ is affected by being addicted to smoking.B．All people, no matter what their background, can become addicted to smoking.C．Smoking is an addiction, and we must not discriminate against smokers.D．The addiction to smoking is difficult to get rid of. 题型：未知难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:A小题2:B小题3:D小题4:B

解析

小题1:A 细节题。根据第一段2,3行that young men who smoke are likely to have lower IQs than their non-smoking peers (同龄人).说明A正确。小题2:B 细节题。根据第二段1,2行the smokers’ average was more than ven IQ points lower, at about 94说明抽烟的年轻人的平均智商可能是94，故B正确。小题3:D 推理题。根据第五段第一行a lower IQ may suggest a greater risk for smoking addiction,说明智商低的抽烟的人在吸烟成瘾方面危险更大，也就是说他们可能无法控制自己在这方面的瘾，故D正确。小题4:B 细节题。根据第三段4,5行But becau our study included subjects with various socio-economic backgrounds, we’ve been able to rule out socio-economics as a major factor.说明该研究的对象中有来自各行各业的人，也就是说各个社会阶层的人都吸烟，即B项，所有人，无论他的背景怎么样，都有可能吸烟上瘾，故B正确。点评：文章介绍了有吸烟能让人的智商下降。主要考查考生的推理能力和细节的把握能力。

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“A study led by Profe.....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。 健康环保类阅读

健康环保累阅读概念：

健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。

健康环保类文章阅读技巧：

   健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：   第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；   第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；   第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。   从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。【阅读策略】 1、概要(Summarizing)：  阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。 2、组织(Organization)：  阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。