The inhalation (吸入) of asbestos particles is associated with a number of lung di

题文

The inhalation (吸入) of asbestos particles is associated with a number of lung dias, such as asbestosis and ___50___ cancer. Asbestosis is caud by the entry of asbestos particles into the wall of the alveoli, causing scarring which limits the functioning of the lungs.  The lung ___51___ its elasticity and may change shape.  The initial symptoms of asbestosis are a tightness in the chest and breathlessness.  In its ___52___ stages, sufferers develop the barrel-shaped chests associated with emphyma, cyanosis, (where the skin takes a bluish ___53___ ) and club fingers.Lung cancer, the generic ___54___ for malignant tumors（肿瘤）of the alveoli and bronchial tubes, has been shown to be directly ___55___ to the inhalation of asbestos particles.  As in the ca of asbestosis, there is generally a period of inactiveness which may ___56___ from 25 to 30 years after initial exposure, despite the ___57___of further exposure.  Rearch suggests that there is a direct correlation between the degree of exposure to asbestos ___58___the incidence of lung cancer.  Where exposure occurs, the level of risk is further ___59___ by cigarette smoking.  Asbestos workers who smoke cigarettes have a 90% greater risk of catching lung cancer than workers who do not ___60___. Exposure to blue asbestos has been shown to producemesothelioma, a rare cancer of the outer lining of the lung or pleura.  In a normal population the incidence of mesothelioma is extremely ___61___. Where epidemiological surveys have revealed a higher incidence of the dia, it is almost always related to ___62___ exposure.___63___ changes in lung tissue caud by exposure to asbestos are pleural plaques and effusions.  The former refer to a thickening of the lining of the chest wall, ___64___ the latter consists of a collection of fluid in the chest region outside the lungs.  Pleural plaques commonly remain undiagnod and generally have no detrimental effect on health. 小题1:A．skin B．blood C．liver D．lung小题2:A．losB．gainsC．improves D．tightens小题3:A．earlyB．formalC．laterD．final小题4:A．sizeB．colorC．soundD．smell小题5:A．nounB．term C．wayD．approach小题6:A．relatedB．revealedC．comparedD．expod小题7:A．disappearB．spreadC．liveD．extend小题8:A．prenceB．activenessC．abnceD．intensity小题9:A．and B．alongsideC．as well asD．plus小题10:A．decreadB．lostC．doubledD．incread小题11:A．dietB．drinkC．smoke D．fare小题12:A．highB．low C．common D．frequent小题13:A．leadB．asbestos C．carbon D．hydrogen小题14:A．ThreeB．Some C．No D．Other小题15:A．in caB．now that C．whereas D．unless 题型：未知难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:D小题2:A小题3:C小题4:B小题5:B小题6:A小题7:D小题8:C小题9:A小题10:D小题11:C小题12:B小题13:B小题14:D小题15:C

解析

文章讲述的是石棉肺癌的各种原因。小题1:上下文，根据前一句a number of lung dias可知，该处的疾病与lung有关系小题2:上下文，根据前一句limits the functioning of the lungs可知，肺部功能受限，即减退，所以此处填减少了灵活性，弹性小题3:上下文，根据上文The initial symptoms可知，此处是后来的发展阶段的小题4:上下文，根据bluish可知，此处填的是颜色小题5:lung cancer 肺癌，是一个专有名词，即term小题6:be directly related to与……有直接的；联系小题7:上下文，根据from 25 to 30可知，此处填的是extend延伸小题8:上下文，根据despite可知，此处填的词与前面的after initial exposure是相反的，所以是……的缺少/缺失小题9:固定搭配。Between ……and ……小题10:上下文，根据后文a 90% greater risk of catching lung 可知，危险增加了小题11:上下文，根据前一句Asbestos workers who smoke cigarettes have a 90% greater risk of catching lung cancer可知，小题12:上下文，根据后一句Where epidemiological surveys have revealed a higher incidence of the dia，此处讲的肯定是少的病例。小题13:上下文，上文一直在讲肺癌与asbestos石棉的关系小题14:根据下文可知，此处讲的原因与前面的不一样，所以是其他的原因。小题15:根据the former.....the latter可知，此处指对比，所以选whereas 然而。

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“The inhalation (吸入) .....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。 健康环保类阅读

健康环保累阅读概念：

健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。

健康环保类文章阅读技巧：

   健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：   第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；   第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；   第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。   从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。【阅读策略】 1、概要(Summarizing)：  阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。 2、组织(Organization)：  阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。