London has always been known for its "black fogs". In the winter of 1952, a milk

题文

London has always been known for its "black fogs". In the winter of 1952, a milky white fog rolled into the city. As the smoke poured into the air, it was so hard to e that people had to walk in front of the bus to guide them. In this way, the most rious air pollution disaster in history began. When it was over, more than 4,000 people had been killed by the thick black smog.New York City has had veral London-type smogs since 1950. Each time, 100 to 400 deaths were caud by the smog. Although the smogs were not as deadly as London's, New York City has the worst air pollution problem in the United States. In all the killer smogs, factories and homes poured smoke and fumes into the air from the furnaces. The chemical fumes combined with the water droplets in the fog to form harmful substances. The substances caud the illness of tho who breathed the polluted air. Usually, such harmful fumes ri into the upper air and are blown away by the wind. But sometimes there is an unusual weather condition called a temperature inversion. A layer of cold air remains near the ground as smoke and fumes pour into it. This is covered by an upper layer of warm air that acts like a lid. It prevents the polluted cooler air from rising. The harmful fumes pile up and make people ill. The smog may be so thick that airports are clod and chains of collisions occur on the highways. Another type of smog occurs in Los Angeles. Here the weather may be clear and sunny. But stinging eyes and dry coughs show that harmful chemicals fill the air. The smog is due to invisible gas, mostly from automobile exhaust. Becau the chemicals are changed by the sun high up in the air, it is called photochemical smog. It contains automobile exhaust fumes and nitrogen oxides changed by the sun's rays. Added to the are sulfur dioxide and other fumes from factories and oil refineries. Photochemical smog is found in many large cities all over the world. Killer smogs don't happen very often, fortunately. But in Beijing, a combination of automobile exhaust fumes, home furnace smoke, and factory waste gas pours into the air. This may also happen in the suburbs, or out in the country, where large factories have been built. A number of harmful substances have been found in the air there. When the substances are breathed in day after day, the health of the population is affected.小题1:Why do people call this phenomenon "black fog"?A．It is black and dirty.B．It can affect the health.C．It can kill people.D．It is too thick for people to e something.小题2:What can reduce the air pollution according to the passage'?A．Water.B．Wind.C．The sun.D．Cold air.小题3:When photochemical smog happens in the city,  .A．many people will be killedB．black smoke may pour into the airC．the weather may be fineD．people have to walk to work小题4:From the passage we know that the most rious black smog disaster took place in.A．LondonB．New YorkC．Los AngelesD．Beijing 题型：未知难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:D小题2:B小题3:C小题4:A 

解析

文章大意：伦敦、纽约、洛杉矶和北京四个大城市曾经经历和正在经历的空气污染虽然有些许不同，但是都对人类的生活产生了极大的危害。小题1:D细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的“it was so hard to e that people had to walk in front of the bus to guide them”可知答案为D。故D正确。小题2:B细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Usually, such harmful fumes ri into the upper air and are blown away by the wind.”可知答案。故B正确。小题3:C细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Here the weather may be clear and sunny.”可知答案为C。故C正确。小题4:A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the most rious air pollution disaster in history began”以及第二段第三句中的“the smogs were not as deadly as London’s”可推知，最严重的浓黑的烟雾发生在伦敦。故A正确。

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“London has always be.....”主要考查你对 [日常生活类阅读 ]考点的理解。 日常生活类阅读

日常生活类阅读的概念：

日常生活这一话题主要涉及人们衣食住行等方面的活动。这一话题的选材主要针对人们日常的工作，生活以及学习情况。做这一类题时，最主要的是要把握好人物的活动内容，时间和地点。

日常生活类阅读题答题技巧：

【题型说明】该类文章内容涉及到人们的言谈举止、生活习惯、饮食起居、服饰仪表、恋爱婚姻、消遣娱乐、节日起源、家庭生活等。文章篇幅短小，追根溯源，探索各项风俗的历史渊源，内容有趣。命题也以送分题为主，如事实细节题、语义转换题、词义猜测题和简单推理判断题等。虽然这类文章读起来感觉轻松，试题做起来比较顺手，但绝不能掉以轻心。因为稍不留神，就会丢分。 【备考提醒】为了保证较高准确率，建议同学们做好以下几点： 1、保持正常的考试心态。笔者在教学中发现，越是容易的试题，同学们越是容易失分。为什么呢？因为在这种情况下，同学们极易产生麻痹思想，认为题目好做，就不引起高度重视，于是思维不发散、不周密。而命题人就是利用同学们的这一弱点，设计陷阱题。所以，无论试题难易与否，我们都要保持正常的考试心态。试题容易，不欣喜；试题难，不悲观。 2、根据前面讲到的方法，认认真真、细细心心做好事实细节题。 3、做好语义转换题。这类题是根据英语中一词多义和某些词语在文中能表达一定的修辞意义的原则而设计的。要求同学们解释某生词的含义，确定多义词或短语在文中的意思，确认文中的某个代词所指代的对象，或者对英语中特有的表达、格言、谚语进行解释。这种题要求同学们一定要根据上下文猜测词义或理解句子，切不可望文生义。 4、做好简单推理判断题。简单推理判断题要以表面文字为前提，以具体事实为依据进行推理，做出判断。这种推理方式比较直接，只要弄清事实，即可结合常识推断出合理的结论。