题文
第二节 语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。Maybe you never opened that account (帐户), 31 someone el did — someone who ud your name, your credit card number or your 32 (person) information to commit fraud (造假) without letting you know, 33 is actually a crime, pure and simple.The biggest problem is 34 (probable) that you may not know that someone has taken away your identity 35 you notice that something is wrong: you may get bills for 36 credit card account you never opened, your credit report may include debts you never knew you had, 37 you may e charges on your bills that you didn’t sign for, and even don’t know anything about. If your identity has really 38 (steal) like that, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) suggests that you 39 take at least two actions immediately. First, contact the fraud departments of the major credit offices and ask them 40 copies of your credit reports.Then, review your reports carefully to check your corrections and changes. 题型:未知难度:其他题型答案
31.but 32.personal 33.which34.probably 35.until / before 36.a 37.or 38.been stolen 39.should 40.for点击查看可数名词及其单复数知识点讲解,巩固学习
解析
略考点
据考高分专家说,试题“第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5.....”主要考查你对 [可数名词及其单复数 ]考点的理解。 可数名词及其单复数可数名词:
是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数形式,当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时,句子的谓语也应用复数形式。
可数名词复数的规则变化: 情况构成方法 读音例词一般情况加 –s 1.清辅音后读/s/; 2.浊辅音和元音后读/z/; map-maps bag-bags car-cars 以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -es读 /iz/bus-bus watch-watches 以ce,,ze,(d)ge等结尾 的词 加 -s读 /iz/ licen-licens以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y 为i再加es 读 /z/baby-babies另外: 1)以y 结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如:two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较:层楼:storey---storeys story---stories 2)以o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes 3)以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b. 去f, fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 均可,如:handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 可数名词复数的不规则变化: 1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mou---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如:an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。 2)单复同形 如: deer,sheep,fish,Chine,Japane li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。 如:staff people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说a staff a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chine,the Japane, the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。 如:The Chine are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4)以s 结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. <>是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glass (眼镜) trours, clothes ; 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glass; two pairs of trours 6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼 复合名词的复数形式: 名词作定语名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。 1)用复数作定语。 如:sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2)man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如:men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。 如:goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush衣刷 4)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如:two-dozen eggs 两打/(二十四个鸡蛋) a ten-mile walk 十里路 two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan 一个五年计划可数名词单复数知识体系:
不同国籍人的单复数:
国籍总称(谓语用复数)单数复数中国人the Chinea Chine two Chine瑞士人the Swissa Swisstwo Swiss澳大利亚人the Australians an Australiantwo Australians俄国人the Russiansa Russiantwo Russians意大利人the Italiansan Italiantwo Italians希腊人the Greeka Greektwo Greeks法国人the Frencha Frenchmantwo Frenchmen日本人the Japanea Japanetwo Japane美国人the Americansan Americantwo Americans印度人the Indiansan Indiantwo Indians加拿大人the Canadiansa Canadiantwo Canadians德国人the Germansa Germantwo Germans英国人the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen瑞典人the Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes
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