国际贸易、运输和保险术语解释C-D

2024年3月19日发(作者：房山)

Shipping、Trading and Chartering and Terms Definitions

国际贸易、航运和租船条款解说

C-D

C

Cabotage Water transportation term applicable to shipments

CAConf

Cancelling

Capsize (vesl)

Captain’s Protest

Car Pooling

Car Seal

Cars Knocked Down

between ports of a nation; commonly refers to

coast-wi or inter-coastal navigation or trade.

Many nations, including the United States, have

cabotage laws which require national flag vesls

to provide domestic interport rvice.(Another

expression: Transport of goods between two

ports or places located in the same country.)

近海航行/运(权)，沿岸航行/运(权)， 国内交通运输权”

适用于国内港口之间水上运输术语；一般指沿海航线或两岸间航行或贸易。很多国家，包括美国，有国内交通运输法，要求悬挂国旗的船舶提供内贸（运输）服务。（在国内港口或地方之间的货物运输）

Cargo Agency Conference

货运代理公会－国际航空运输协会

Latest date by which vesl is to arrive at a loading

port 船舶必须到达装货港口的最后日期

Vesl too large to fit through the Suez (or Panama )

Canal 好望角/海湾型船舶,无法通过苏伊士运河的船舶

(注:15万吨以上级)

A document prepared by the captain of a vesl

on arriving at port; shows conditions encountered

during voyage, generally for the purpo of

relieving ship owner of any loss to cargo and

shifting responsibility for reimburment to the

insurance company.

船长海事声明。当船舶到达港口时船长发表的声明，说明

在航程中遭遇的事件。通常是为了免去船东对货物损失的

责任并把赔偿的责任转移给保险公司。

U of individual carrier/rail equipment through a

central agency for the benefit of carriers and

shippers.

联合租用/雇用的运输工具，为了承运人和发货人的利益通过中间代理雇用(第三方的)自有承运工具/铁路设备。

Metal strip and lead fastener ud for locking

freight car or truck doors. Seals are numbered for

record purpos.

车封，锁住运货车辆的门的金属锁扣。铅封编号是为便于记录

Automobile parts and subasmblies manufactured

abroad and transported to a designated asmbly

plant

汽车拆卸，汽车部件。（汽车零部件出口运输到一个指定的组装工厂）

Carfloat A barge equipped with tracks on which up to about

12 railroad cars are moved in harbors or inland

waterways.

铁路驳船，一种装有铁轨可以在港口或内陆水道最多装运

12节火车车皮的驳船。

Cargo Goods transported or to be transported, all goods

carried on a ship covered by a B/L. As per IMO

definition: any goods, wares, merchandi, and

articles of every kind whatsoever carried on a ship,

other than mail, ship’s stores, ship’s spare parts,

ship’s equipment, stowage material, crew’s effects

and pasngers’ accompanied baggage.

货物，（车/船）货载，已装运或待装运的所有船舶装运的被

提单涵盖的货物。根据国际海事组织的定义：除了邮件、船

上生活库存、备件、船舶设备和材料、船员个人物品和乘客

随身行李外的任何载运于船舶上无论什么种类的货物、器

具、商品和物件

Cargo Manifest Document which lists all bills of lading particulars

of the goods loaded on a vesl, for official and

administrative purpo.

载货清单，为了（政府）商务和行政管理，列明了装于船

上，各提单项下所有货物细节的文件

Cargo NOS Cargo Not Otherwi Specified. Usually the rate

entry in a tariff that can apply to commodities not

covered under a specific item or sub item in the

applicable tariff

(税则)未列名货物，通常税则上列名货物没有包括，而列在明细项目或子项目上的货物

Cargo Preference Cargo rerved by a Nation’s laws for transportation

only on vesls registered in that Nation. Typically

the cargo is moving due to a direct or indirect

support or activity of the Government.

特许货物，受政府法律保护只能由本国登记船舶运输的货物。典型的是（由于）直接或间接的支援或政府的行动而运送的货物。

Cargo Retention Claus Introduced by Charterers bad on shortage of

delivered cargo becau of incread oil prices

货物留置条款，因油价上涨，承租人采取少卸（交）货物来补

偿因油价上涨给船东造成的损失的条款。（油轮租船条款）

Cargo Tonnage Most ocean freight is billed on the basis of weight

or measurement tons (W/M). Weight tons can be

expresd in short tons of 2000 pounds, long tons

of 2240 or metric tons of 1000 kilos(2204.62

pounds.) Measurement tons are usually

expresd as cargo measurement of 40 feet(1.12

meters) or cubic meters (35.3 cubic feet).

（货物）运费吨，大部分的海运费是基于重吨或尺码吨（M/W）计算的。重（量）吨可以用短吨、长吨或公吨表示。尺码吨通常是用货物的立方米（1.12立方米为一尺码吨＝35. 3立方英尺）体积表示

Carload Rate A rate applicable to a carload of goods.

整车运费，以车计的运费。

Carnet A Customs document permitting the holder to

temporarily carry or nd merchandi into certain

foreign countries (for display, demonstration or

similar purpo) without paying duties or posting

bonds. Any of various Customs documents required

for crossing some international borders.

海关监管证明/关封，一种允许持有者在不缴纳关税和在受

禁止地临时运送或寄送（展览，展示或类似目的的）商品进

入外国。为通过国际边境很多种要求要提供的海关文件中的

一种文件。

Carrier Any person or entity who, in a contract of carriage,

undertakes to perform or to procure the

performance of carriage by rail, road, a, air,

inland waterway or by a combination of such

modes.

承运人，(运输公司，运输工具)。任何个人或实体以合同形式承担执行或获得执行用铁路、公路、海运、空运、内河水道或这些方式的联合方式运输的人

Carrier Certificate and Relea Order

Ud to advi customs of the shipment’s details.

By means of this document, the carrier certifies

that the firm or individual named in the certificate

is the owner or consignee of the goods

承运人证明和放货单用来报告海关货载的详细情况。用这个文件承运人证明了证明中的公司或个人是货物的所有人或收货人(相当于：Cargo Manifest 载货清单)

Carrier’s Certificate A certificate required by U.S. Customs to relea

cargo properly to the correct party.

承运人证书，美国海关要求在向真实收货方放货时出具的

证书

Carriers Haulage An inland transport rvice which is performed by

the Carrier and/or a subcontractor for the

account and on behalf of the Merchant, in

accordance with the conditions and charges of

the relevant bill of lading or transport document.

内陆拖运，一种根据相关提单或运输单据的条件和费用代表贸易商,由承运人和/或转包商执行,由贸易商付费的转运服务。

Carriers Owned Containers The containers ud for the transportation of

cargoes belonging to the property of the carriers.

承运人箱，船东箱。用于运送货物属于船东财产的集装箱

Carrying forward dispatch time

namely any hours saved in loading to be added to

the hours allowed for discharging)

装港速遣时间并入卸货时间（装港节省时间并入允许的卸货时间）

Cartage 货物取送费，(集装箱)短途拖箱费

1) charge for pick-up and delivery of goods,

2) movement of goods locally (short distances)

1) 货物取送费；2）货物本地移动费(短途)

Cartment Customs form permitting in-bond cargo to be

moved from one location to another under customs

control, within the same customs district. Usually in

motor carrier’s posssion while draying cargo.

海关关封。允许监管货物在海关控制下在同一关区内由一个地方移动到另外一个地方的海关封志，在运输过程中(关封)由承运人保管

Cash Against Documents Method of payment for goods in which documents

transferring title are given the buyer upon

payment of cash to an intermediary acting for the

ller, usually a commission hou.

凭单据付款交单付款，一种以买方付现给代表卖方的中

介机构，常是代理行，作为转移物权单证给付条件的付款方法

Cash in Advance A method of payment for goods in which the buyer

pays the ller in advance of the shipment of

goods. Usually employed when the goods, such as

specialized machinery, are built to order.

预付现款，一种买方在货物装运前付现款给卖方的付款

方式。通常用于货物，诸如特殊的机械已按要求造好时

Cash with order A method of payment for goods in which cash is

paid at the time of order and the transaction

becomes binding on both buyer and ller.

订货付款，一种货款支付方式，在订货时付现款，这样的交

易对买卖双方都有约束力

Cells The construction system employed in container

vesls which permits ship containers to be stowed

in a vertical line with each container supporting the

one above it inside the cargo hold

集装箱栅隔，集装箱船舱内保证集装箱垂直逐层堆放的设施

Cellular Vesl A vesl designed with internal ribbing to permit

the support of stacked containers

栅隔集装箱船，船舱内设有支撑集装箱堆放隔架的船舶

Center of gravity The point of equilibrium of the total weight of a

Certificate

Certificate of insurance

Certificate of Origin

CFS/CFS

Channel of Distribution

containership, truck, train or a piece of cargo.

重心，集装箱船舶、卡车、火车或货物的重心

-A document certifying that merchandi (such as

of inspection perishable goods) was in good

condition immediately prior to its shipment.

保鲜品证明，证明商品（如易腐品）在装船时状况良好

-The document issued by the U.S. Coast Guard

certifying an American flag vesl’s compliance

with applicable laws and regulations.

合法船舶证明，美国海岸警卫队签发给悬挂美国旗的船舶，证明其符合法律法规

A negotiable document indicating that insurance

has been cured under an open policy to cover

loss or damage to a shipment while in transit.

一种可以交易的文件，它表明货物在运输过程中的灭失或损坏已由预约保险承保赔偿

-A certified document showing the origin of goods

which ud in international commerce.

原产地证明书，用于国际贸易、证明货物原产地的证明书

-Document certifying the country of origin of goods

which is normally issued or signed by the relevant

Government Department of the exporting country,

or Chamber of Commerce or Embassy.

领事签证原产地证明书，由驻出口国商务参赞或出口国相关部门签发证明货物原产地的证明书

A kind of cargo movement by container. Delivered

loo at origin point with vanning by carrier,

devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up

loo at destination.

“箱货运货运站到集装箱货运站”，一种集装箱作业方式。在发货地（点）用卡车收集散装货物、在目的地用卡车分拨散装货物和收集散装货物。(散收散交)

A means by which a manufacturer distributes

products from the plant to the ultimate ur,

including warehous, brokers, wholesalers,

retailers, etc.

销售管道/渠道，配送渠道。生产厂商从工厂到最终消费者的货物销售渠道，包括：仓储、中间商、批发、零售商等等环节

Chargeable weight The shipment weight ud in determining freight

charges. The chargeable weight may be the

dimensional weight(measurement weight)

计费重量 (空运)。决定运输费用的货物重量。计费重量也可以是体积吨(尺码吨)

CHART A map ud by navigators 海图

Charter Party

Charterer

Chassis

Chock

Claim

Class

Classification

A written contract between the owner of a vesl

and the person desiring to employ the vesl

(chaterer); ts forth the terms of the

arrangement such as duration of agreement,

freight rate and ports involved in the trip.

租约（租船合同），船东和打算租用船舶的人之间就诸如租期、运费率和航程中相关港口等达成的书面合同

The legal person who has signed a charter party

with the owner of a vesl or an aircraft and thus

hires or leas a vesl or part of the capacity

thereof.

承租人（租方），与船东或飞机公司签订了租约合同，可以租用或出租船舶或部分舱容的法人

A wheeled flat-bed constructed to accommodate

containers moved over the road. Also termed as

“Trailers”

集装箱拖架，拖车，一种带车轮承载集装箱在公路上运输的平板架。也称“拖架”

A piece of wood or other material placed at the

side of cargo to prevent rolling or moving sideways

木楔或楔型物，放在货物旁边防止滚动或测移。

A demand made upon a transportation line for

payment on account of a loss sustained through

its alleged negligence.

索赔。要求船公司因其疏忽造成的损失赔付

Classification Society,organisation-tting

standards for design, build, condition of ships

船级社，规定船舶设计、制造标准的机构

A publication, such as Uniform Freight

Classification(railroad) or the National Motor

Freight Classification (motor carrier), that

assigns ratings to various articles and provides

bill of lading descriptions and rules.

运价表、运价本。如标准铁路运价或国内公路运价，为各类货物制定运价并规定了提单条款和规定

Classification Rating The designation provided in a classification by

which a class rate is determined.

分类运价表，分级运价。规定货物的等级，决定每级货物的运价

Classification Yard A railroad yard with many tracks ud for asmbling

freight trains.

铁路编组站，一个有很多轨道、用于运输列车编组的铁路车站

Clayton Act An anti trust act of the U.S. Congress making price

Clean Bill of Lading

Clean on Board

Cleaning in Transit

Clearance

Cleat

Clip-On

Closing

discrimination unlawful. 美国国会反价格歧视法

A receipt for goods issued by a carrier with an

indication that the goods were received in

“apparent good order and condition,” without

damage or other irregularities. If no notation or

exception is made, the B/L is assumed to be

“cleaned.”

清洁提单，由承运人签发的运输收据，标明货物表面状况良好没有损坏或混乱。如果（收据上）没有例外的记载，这样的提单可称为“清洁提单”。

When goods are loaded on board and the document

issued on respect to the goods is clean.

完整装船，已装船。当货物已装船，(船方)签发有关的单证都是清洁时的(用语)

The stopping of articles, such as peanuts, etc., for

cleaning at a point between the point of origin and

destination.

中途作卫生处理(的货物)。在起运地和到达地之间的一个地点停留，进行卫生处理的货物，如花生等

A document stating that a shipment is free to be

imported into the country after all legal

requirements have been met

进口通关单(海关进口放行单)。一种说明货物所有合法手续完备后可以进口的文件

A strip of wood or metal ud to afford additional

strength, to prevent warping, or to hold in place.

夹板，为防止变形或固定货物的木条或钢件。

Refrigeration equipment attachable to an insulated

container that does not have its own refrigeration

unit. 集装箱制冷机。依附在集装箱上的制冷机

The published deadline for export cargoes to be

accepted for a sailing of the carrier. CY Closing is

applicable to FCLs and CFS Closing is applicable to

LCLs. Nomally, CFS Closing is around 24 hours

ahead of CY Closing, depending of the complexities

of export customs clearance formalities at the

country.

“结载时间”，船公司公布的货物受载期限。集装箱堆场结载时间适用于整箱货，集装箱货运站结载时间适用于拼箱货。通常，集装箱货运站的结载时间早于集装箱堆场的结载时间24小时，这取决于出口国海关通关手续的难易。

Coastwi Water transportation along the coast. 沿海运输

Collect Freight Freight payable to the carrier at the port of

Collection

Collecting

Collective Paper

Combination Export Mgr

Combination Rate

Combined Transport

discharge or ultimate destination. The consignee

does not pay the freight charge if the cargo does

not arrive at the destination

到付运费。在卸货港或最终目的地支付给承运人的运费，当货物未到达目的地(或指定付款地点)，收货人不付运输费用

A draft drawn on the buyer, usually accompanied by

documents, with complete instructions concerning

processing for payment or acceptance.

托收，向买方开出的汇票，通常附有完整的相关付款或接受程序的指示单据

A bank that acts as an agent to the ller’s bank(the

prenting bank). The collecting bank assumes no

responsibility for either the documents or the

merchandi

托收（银）行，开证（银）行（卖方银行）的代理。托收行即不对单据负责也不对货物负责

All documents (commercial invoices, bills of lading,

etc.) submitted to a buyer for the purpo of

receiving payment for a shipment

收费凭证，收费文件。提交给买方，为收取货物货款的所有文件(如：商业发票、提单等)

A firm that acts as an export sales agent for more

than one noncompeting manufacturer.

联合出口管理公司，为一家以上（没有出口管理经验的）制造商代理出口的公司

A rate made up of two or more factors, parately

published.

联合运价，联运运价。综合两种或两种（运输方式）以上分别发布的运价而制定的运费

Means the carriage of goods by at least two

different modes of transport, from a place at

which the goods are taken in charge situated in

one country to a place designated for delivery

situated in a different country. Combined

Transport is also referred to in the USA

“Intermodal Transport” and in other parts of

the world as “Multimodal Transport”

联合运输，多式联运。用至少两种以上不同运输方式从货物所在地国家提取并接管货物并交付到另一个不同国家的指定交货地点的运输方式。联合运输在美国被称为“联合运输”，在世界其他地方被称为“多式联运”

Combiterms Delivery terms for Int’l Groupage traffic

国际成组运输交货条款（货运代理人之间）

Commercial Invoice A document created by the ller. It is an official

Commodity

Commodity rate

Common Carrier

Common law

CONBILL

Concealed Damage

Conference

document which is ud to indicate, among other

things, the name and address of the buyer and

ller, the product(s) being shipped, and their

value for customs, insurance, or other purpos

商业发票。由卖方缮制的文件，是用于表明，在其他项目外，买卖双方的名称和地址、货物已装运、货物的海关申报价值或其他项目的正式文件

Article shipped. For dangerours and hazardous

cargo, the correct commodity identification is

critical.

运输的商品，货物。对危险品和有害商品要做正确的商品标示

A rate published to apply to a specific article or

articles.

特定商品（货物）运价，公开发布的适用于一种或一类商品（货物）的运价

A transportation company which provides rvice

to the general public at published rates.

公共承运商（人），以公布费率面向公众提供运输服务的公司

Law that derives its force and authority from

precedent, custom and usage rather than from

statutes, particularly with reference to the laws of

England and the United States.

习惯法，不成文法，普通法（案例法），根据以前的案例和判决作出裁定的法律，习惯和判例胜过法条，英国和美国适用的法律

Uniform Bill of Lading Claus 1946(to be ud when

no charter party is signed)

1946年标准提单（代号），当租船合同尚未签订时使用的提单

Damage that is not evident from viewing the

unopened package.

内部残损,隐蔽性残损，未开包装不能发现的残损

An association of ship owners operating in the same

trade route who operate under collective conditions

and agree on tariff rates. The purpo of the

conference is to standardize shipping practices,

eliminate freight rate competition, and provide

regularly scheduled rvice between specific ports

（航运）公会，经营同一航线的船东协会，他们集体制定运

输规定和运输费率。运价公会的目的是：标准化操作、排出运价竞争和在特定的港口之间提供定期的航运服

Conference Carrier An ocean carrier who is member of

an association known as a “conference”.

The purpo of the conference is to

standardize shipping practices, eliminate

freight rate competition, and provide

regularly scheduled rvice between specific

ports

公会承运人。运价公会成员的海运承运人。运价公会的目的是：标准化操作、排出运价竞争和在特定的港口之间提供定期的航运服务

Confirmed Letter of Credit A letter of credit, issued by a foreign bank, who

validity has been confirmed by a domestic bank.

An exporter with a confirmed letter of credit is

assured of payment even if the foreign buyer or

the foreign bank defaults.

保兑信用证，由一家国内银行确认付款、外国银行签发的信用证。出口商有了经过保兑的信用证就有了收款的保证，即使买方或国外银行违约(不付款)。

Confirming Bank The bank that adds its confirmation to another

bank’s (the issuing bank’s) letter of credit and

promis to pay the beneficiary upon

prentation of documents specified in the letter

of credit.

（信用证）担保（银）行，在开证（银）行的信用证上加签自己承诺在受益人提交信用证规定单据时保证承兑的银行

Connecting Carrier A carrier which has a direct physical connection

with, or forms a link between two or more

carriers.

中间承运人，在两个或更多的承运人之间直接联结运输或与他们组成运输链的承运人

Connecting Carrier Agreement An Agreement of freight rates for connections

between feeder ports and the ports of call of

vesls.

联运运费协议，(承运人之间关于)支线港和基本港之间的运费协议

Consignee A person or company to whom commodities are

shipped. 收货人，接收货物的个人或公司

Consignee Mark A symbol placed on packages for identification

purpos; generally a triangle, square, circle, etc.

with letters and/or numbers and port of discharge.

（ 收货人）唛头，包装上区别标记；通常是带有文字或数字和卸货港名称的三角型、方型、圆圈等

Consignment A stock of merchandi advanced to a dealer and

located at his place of business, but with title

remaining in the source of supply.

托运、交运（货物），将货物发运到交易对方业务所在地的商品，货物所有权由发货人保留（如生产原料等保税货物）

Consignor A person or company shown on the bill of lading as

the shipper 托运人，发货人。在提单上标明的发货人公司或个人

Consolidated Cargo Cargo containing shipments of two or more

shippers or suppliers, usually shipped by a firm

called a consolidator. Containerload shipments

may be consolidated for one or more

consignees.

集运货物，两个或两个以上发货人或托运人货物的集装/中运输，通常是由被称作集运代理人（或拼箱代理人）的公司发运。这种整箱货物可以集运给一个或多个收货人

Consolidation 集运，合并运输，集中运输，集中托运

Consolidator A person or firm performing a consolidation rvice

of small lots of cargoes for shippers. The

consolidator takes advantage of lower full

carload(FCL) rates, and savings are pasd on to

shippers.

集运代理（或拼箱代理），为小批量货物发货人提供集运服务的个人或公司。集运代理用优惠的整箱运价运送货物，节省的运费留给了发货人（实际上拼箱代理商也从中得到比整集装箱运输更多的利益）

Consolidator’s bill of lading A bill of lading issued by a consolidator as a

receipt for merchandi

集运人提单，集运代理提单。集运人签发的作为货物收据的提单

Consortium A group of carriers pooling resources, normally

container vesls, in a trade lane to maximize their

resources efficiently.

承运人集团、承运人联合体。为了在一条贸易航线上自己

源的效率最大化而集中资源、通常是集装箱运输船舶的承运

人集团

Consular Declaration A formal statement describing goods to be

shipped; filed with and approved by the consul

of the country of destination prior to shipment.

领事声明、领事证明，由(进口)目的地国领事馆在货物装运前批准和签发(备案)的货物正式证明文件

Consular invoice A document, certified by a consular or official, is

required by some countries to describe a shipment.

Ud by Customs of the foreign country, to verify

the value, quantity and nature of the cargo.

领事发票，一些国家要求的由领事馆或官员出具的关于出Consular Visa

Consumption Entry

Container

Container Booking

Container Lea

Container Load

Container loading plan

口国货物的证明。外国海关(进口海关)用于证明货物的价值、数量和原产地的文件

An official signature or al affixed to certain

documents by the consul of the country of

destination.

领事签证，目的地国领事馆在文件上的签章或粘贴

The process of declaring the importation of

foreign made goods for u in the country.

进口消费品申报程序。进口国外制造消费品的申报程序

A truck trailer body that can be detached from the

chassis for loading into a vesl, a rail car or

stacked in a container depot. Containers may be

ventilated, insulated, refrigerated, flat rack, vehicle

rack, open top, bulk liquid or equipped with interior

devices. A container may be 20 feet, 40 feet, 45

feet, 48 feet or 53 feet in length, 8’0” or 8’6” in

width, and 8’6” or 9’6” in height.

集装箱，可以从车架上分离装上船、火车或卸在集装箱堆场的箱体。集装箱可以是：通风型的、隔热型的、冷冻型的、平板型的、框架型的、开顶型的、油罐型的或装有内部装置的。集装箱有20、40、45、48、或53英尺长，8、8’6”英尺宽和8’6”或9’6”英尺高的。

Arrangements with a steamship line to transport

containerized cargo.

集装箱订舱，与船公司做出运输集装箱货物的（预定/预约）安排

The contract by which the owner of containers

(lessor) gives the u of container to a le for

a specified period of time and for fixed payments.

集装箱租赁合同，集装箱主将集装箱的使用权租借给租箱人一段规定的时间并收取一定的报酬的合同

A load sufficient in size to fill a container either by

cubic measurement or by weight.

集装箱满载，无论是容积还是重量都满载的集装箱

A document prepared to show all details of cargoes

loaded in a container, e.g. weight (individual and

total), measurement, markings, shippers,

consignees, the origin and destination of goods,

and location of cargo within the container. A

Container Load Plan is either prepared by the cargo

consolidator or the shipper which ships its cargoes

on FCL terms.

集装箱装箱清单，一种为注明集装箱内所有货物详细情况的文件，如：重量（单件和总重量）、体积、唛头、发货人、收货人、发货地和目的地以及货物在集装箱中的位置。装箱清单由拼箱代理或发运整箱（集装箱）货物的发货人缮制

Container Number The unique identification of a container

集装箱号，是集装箱辨别标记

Container deport The storage area for empty containers

集装箱空箱堆场。空集装箱堆存(区域)堆场

Container Freight Station A shipping dock where cargo is loaded (“stuffed”)

into or unloaded (“stripped”) from containers.

Generally, this involves less than containerload

shipments, although small shipments destined to

same consignee are often consolidated. Container

reloading from/to rail or motor carrier equipment

is a typical activity.

“集装箱货运站”，在这里货物被装进或拆出集装箱。通常处理虽然数量小但收货人相同的拼箱货。把集装箱装上或卸下火车或汽车是它典型的作业

Or: Consolidation depots where parcels of cargo are

grouped and loading into containers. Alternatively,

inbound cargoes in a container are devanned for

deliveries to consignees as LCLs.

将分散的货物集装成组并装入集装箱，另一方面，拆卸集装箱货物并拆包分交给收货人，即拼箱货物分拨的集装箱货运站。

Container ID An identifier assigned to a container by a carrier

集装箱标志，集装箱标识。由承运人指定的集装箱标识符号

Container Manifest Document showing contents and loading quence

of a container.

集装箱装载清单，标明集装箱装载内容和装载顺序的清单

Container Pool An agreement between parties that allows the

efficient u and supply of containers. A common

supply of containers available to the shipper as

required.

集装箱用箱协议，协议方之间保证有效用箱和供箱的的协议。公共供箱商在发货人需要时能够供箱

Container Seal Number A number embosd on high-curity als for

closing up containers which will rve

identification purpos.

集装箱铅封号，一种刻在为封闭集装箱的高保险铅封上用于识别目的的号码。

Container ship An ocean vesl specifically designed to carry ocean

cargo containers. It is fitted with vertical cells for

maximum capacity.

集装箱船，专门为运输海运集装箱设计的船舶。它装有最大限度利用舱容的垂直轨架

Container Size The length of a 20’, 40’ and 45’(feet)

集装箱规格/型号，即：长度为20’/40’和45’英尺的集装箱

Container Terminal

Container Type

Container yard

Containerizable Cargo

Containerization

Contract Carrier

A facility which allows container vesls to berth

alongside for the operations of loading and

unloading of containers. Shippers deliver their

export containers to the Container Terminal

awaiting for loading onto container vesls whilst

consignees at ports take delivery of containers

from the Container Terminal after they are

unloaded from the container vesls.

集装箱码头、集装箱场，集装箱船可以靠泊并装卸操作集装箱的场所。发货人将他们的出口集装箱交到集装箱场（码头）待装（集装箱）船，而收货人在集装箱场（码头）提取从（集装箱）船上卸下的集装箱。

Containers are classified under different types,

e.g., dry cargo, reefer, open top, flat-rack,

open-side, etc.

集装箱类型，集装箱分为不同的类型，如：干货箱、冷冻箱、开顶箱、平板箱、侧开箱等。

A facility inside or outside the Container Terminal

which accepts laden export containers from

shippers or laden import containers for delivery to

consignees.

集装箱堆场，集装箱集散场。一种设于集装箱码头内或外的用于接受发货人的重载出口集装箱或要交给收货人的重载进口集装箱的堆场

Cargo that will fit into a container and result in

an economical shipment.

集装箱适装货，适合装入集装箱并取得经济运输成本的货物

Stowage of general or special cargoes in a container

for transport in the various modes

集装箱化(运输)。多种方式的普通货物或特殊货物的集装箱化装运

Any person not a common carrier who, under

special and individual contracts or

agreements, transports pasngers or

property for compensation.

合同承运人，合同运营商，在特别和独立合同或协议下为获取回报承运旅客或货物的非公共承运人

Contract of Affreightment Owners agree to accept a cost per revenue tonne

Controlled Atmosphere

Corner Posts

Correspondent Bank

Cost and Freight

Cost and Insurance

Cost, Insurance, Freight

for cargo carried on a specific number of voyages.

包船运输合同，包运合同。船东同意按吨计收运费的连续数个航次运输货物的合同

or: An agreement by an ocean carrier to provide

cargo space on a vesl at a special time and for

a specified price to accommodate an exporter or

importer

或：承运人按规定时间和特定的价格向进口商或出口商提供船舶的货运舱位的合同

Sophisticated, computer controlled systems that

manage the mixtures or gas within a container

throughout an intermodal journey reducing

decay.

集装箱温度/温度控制系统，由电脑程序控制集装箱内的湿度和气体，减少运输途中货物腐败的装置

Vertical frame components fitted at the corners of

the container, integral to the corner fittings and

connecting the roof and floor structures.

Containers are lifted and cured in a stack using

the castings at the ends.

集装箱角柱，整体连接集装箱顶棚、底板和侧板的构建。角柱的两端用于集装箱的装卸和安全固定。

A bank that, in its own country, handle the

business of a foreign bank.

通知银行/代理行，在本国操作国外银行业务的银行

It is a term of trading in which the buyer of the

goods pays an amount which covers the cost of the

goods plus the cost of transporting the goods from

origin to the port of discharge or final destination

成本加运费价格，买方承付包含了货值和从原产地到卸货港或目的地运费的贸易条款

A price that includes the cost of the goods, the

marine insurance and all transportation charges

except the ocean freight to the named point of

destination

成本加保险费价格。除到目的地海运费外的货物成本、海运保险费和集港运输费价格

(Named Port) Same as C&F OR CFR except ll also

provides insurance to named destination. A term

of trading in which the buyer of the goods pay for

（信用证）

the cost of the goods, the cost of transporting the

goods from origin to the port of discharge or final

destination and the insurance premium for a

maritime insurance policy for the value of the

order.

成本、保险加运费价格，与C&F和CFR除卖方要承担到目的地的保险费外是相同的。一种买方承担货物成本、从原产地到卸货港或目的地的运费和根据海运保险规定的货物价值保险费的贸易价格条款。（在CIF后加上港口名称）

Countervailing Duty An additional duty impod to offt export grants,

bounties or subsidies paid to foreign suppliers in

certain countries by the government of that

country for the purpo of promoting export.

反倾销税，抵消关税。强制征收有出口补贴货物的附加关税。在某些的国家，政府为促进出口，给出口商(出口)补贴(进口国政府为了保护本国产品对这些有出口补贴的进口货物就会征收反倾销/抵消关税)

Cross Member Transver members fitted to the bottom side rails

of a container, which support the floor.

集装箱底板横梁, 安装在集装箱底板纵向梁上支撑底板的横梁

Cube Out when a container or vesl has reached its

volumetric capacity before its permitted weight

limit. 暴仓，一个集装箱或船舶在达到装载重量限制前其装载容积已满的状况

Cubic A unit of volume measurement.

立方，体积丈量单位

Currency Adjustment Factor A charge, expresd as percentage of a ba rate,

that is applied to compensate ocean carriers of

currency fluctuations. ( A fee applied to the

shipping costs to compensate for exchange rate

fluctuations)

货币贬值附加费。一种用基本运费百分比率表示的费用，用于补偿海运承运人汇率浮动的损失。（一种运输成本费用，用于补偿汇率浮动的损失）

Custom of the port A phra often included in charter parties and freight

contracts referring to local rules and practices

which may impact upon the costs borne by the

various parties.

港口惯例，商港习惯，港口习惯，运输合同和租船合同中说明（装卸港）当地可能影响（合同）各方成本费用的规定和习惯的用语

Customs Government agency charged with enforcing the rules

pasd to protect the country’s import and export

revenues.

海关，政府执法机构，强制执行规定，以保护国家的进出口关税收入。

Customs Bonded Warehou A public or privately owned warehou where

Customs Broker

Customs Clearance

Customs entry

Customs Hous

Customs Invoice

dutiable goods are stored pending payment of

duty or removal under bond. The storage or

delivery of goods are under the supervision of

customs officers and if the warehou is

privately owned the keeper has to enter into a

bond as indemnity in respect of the goods

deposited, which may not be delivered without

a relea from the customs.

保税仓库，公共或私有存放未缴纳关税货物或海关监管货物的仓库。库存或提货须在海关官员的监管下进行，私有仓库业主必须缴纳存货保证金，没有海关的放行不许交付货物

An authorized agent specialized in customs

clearance procedures on account of

importer/exporter.

报关行，报关公司。专门授权的进出口清关代理人

The act of obtaining permission to import or

export merchandi from/to another country

into/out the importing/exporting nation

报关，结关。为获得从/向另一个国家进口/出口货物的进口/出口许可的(向海关申报)行为

All countries require that the importer make a

declaration on incoming foreign goods. The

importer then normally pays a duty on the

imported merchandi. The importer’s statement

is compared against the carrier’s vesl manifest

to ensure that all foreign goods are properly

declared.

进口报关手续，进口报关单。进口通关，所有国家都要求进口商申报从国外进口的货物。进口商通常要为进口商品缴纳关税。进口商的申报说明要与承运人的载货清单进行比对以确认所有进口货物已正确申

A government office where duties, such as import

duties, etc., and import documents filed etc., on

foreign shipments are paid and handled.

海关，政府机构，国外进口货物的进口关税和进口单据等在海关缴纳和处理

A form requiring all data in a commercial invoice

along with a certificate of value and/or a

certificate of origin. Required in a few countries

(usually former British territories) and usually

rves as a ller’s commercial invoice.

海关发票，附有价值证明和/或原产地证明的所有商业发票数据的正式发票。一些国家（通常是英联邦国家）要求这样的发票，同时这种发票也能作为卖方的商业发票

Customs Value The value of the imported/exporting goods on which

duties will be assd

海关价值。用于估算关税的进口/出口货物的价值

Cut-Off Time The latest time cargo or container or other items

CY/CFS

CY/CY

Damages for detention

Dangerous goods

designated by shipper at origin may be delivered

to a terminal or CFS facility or designated point for

loading to a scheduled train or ship.

结载时间，发货人托运的货物或集装箱交付到码头或集装箱货运站（场）或指定装货点等待按时装（火）车或货船的最晚时间

Cargo loaded in a full container by a shipper at

origin, delivered to a CFS facility at destination, and

then devanned by the carrier for loo pick-up (A

terms of container transportation published by

carrier and allowed shipper to choo between

CY/CY, CFS/CY CY/CFS)

集装箱码头至集装箱站，整装/散交交货条款。发货人在发货地装整箱并运交到目的地集装箱场，由承运人为散装交货拆卸集装箱货物(由承运人公布、供发货选择的运输条款，有CY/CY,CFS/CY,CY/CFS)

Cargo loaded by the shipper in a full container at

origin and delivered to the carrier’s terminal at

destination for pick-up intact by consignee. ( A term

of container transportation “e CY/CFS”)

集装箱码头至集装箱码头，整装/整拆交货条款。发货人在发货地装整箱并运交到承运人在目的地的码头堆场，由收货人整箱提取的交货条款

D

Penalty if cargo is not ready when ship arrives for

working (1st day of laycan). This is not detention

which is charged for ships time on delay. If the

cargo is ready there is no DAMFORDET.

滞留损失，在船舶抵达装货时（装载期第一天）没有备妥货物的罚款。不是为滞留而是为船舶滞期的费用。如果货物备妥即没有滞留损失。

The term ud by I.M.C.O. for hazardous materials

which are capable of posing a significant risk to

health, safely or property while being transported.

(Another expression: Goods are to be considered

dangerous if the transport of such goods might

cau harm, risk, peril, or other evil to people,

environment, equipment or any property

whatsoever.)

危险货物，国际海事组织对运输对人类健康或财产安全有明显危害风险的货物的术语。（另外的解释：只要运输就有可能对无论是人类、环境、设备或财产造成伤害的货物）

Dangerous Goods Declaration

Days all purpos

Deck

Deconsolidation Point

Deconsolidator

Dead Space

Deadfreight.

Deadhead

Document issued by a consignor in accordance with

applicable conventions or regulations, describing

hazardous goods or materials for transport

purpos, and stating that the latter have been

packed and labeled in accordance with the

provisions of the relevant conventions or

regulations.

危险货物证明书，由（经授权）的机构根据相关的协定或规定为运输危险货物或物料而签发的或物料证明，说明（危

险）货物已按相关的规定或机构要求进行了包装和标记

Total days for loading and discharging)

总装卸天数、总作业天数（装卸作业总天数）

A permanent covering over a compartment, hull or

any part thereof.

甲板，覆盖在船舱上或其他部分的永久船壳

Place where lo or other non-containerized cargo

is ungrouped for delivery.

散装（分拆）货交货点，集运货物交货站

An enterpri that provides rvices to un-group

shipments, orders, goods, etc., to facilitate

distribution

集运承运人，拼装代理人。为不成组(不足量)的货载、订单、货物等提供服务，方便货物配送的企业

Space in a car, truck, vesl, etc., that is not

utilized.

亏仓（舱），汽车、卡车、船舶没有有效使用的载货空间

Space booked by shipper or charterer on a vesl

but not ud.

空舱（亏舱）。发货人或租船人已订而未使用的舱位（容）

One leg of a move without a paying cargo load.

Usually refers to repositioning an empty piece of

equipment

空载航行，空驶，没有载货的航程，通常指空集装箱的调运

Deadweight. Weight of cargo, stores and water, i.e. the

difference between lightship and loaded

displacement. (Dead Weight ton)

总载重吨，总载重量。货物重量、备用品和水的重量合，也就是空船和重载排水量的差额。

Deadweight cargo One ton of which measures 40 cubic feet or less,

freight on deadweight cargo is generally payable

on the weight, i.e. per ton

重量货物，重货。一吨货物体积为40立方英尺或小于40立方英尺的货物(我国规定为每立方米货物的重量大于1吨的货物)。重量货物按重量计收运费

Deadweight Tonnage(D/W) The number of tons of 2,240 pounds that a

vesl can transport of cargo, stores and

bunker fuel, it is the difference between the

number of tons of water a vesl displaces

“light” and the number of tons it displaces when

submerged to the “load line”.

(船舶)载重吨。船舶能运送的货物、燃油的吨数(=2,240磅)，是船舶空载吃水线与满载吃水线之间的排水量的差额

Decimal conversion factor (Timber Trade)

(木材贸易)十进制换算系数（1板尺＝1/12 立方英尺＝0.083333 立方英尺＝0.002359立方米＝0.065457霍普斯天）

Declared Value for Carriage The value of the goods, declared by the shipper

on a bill of lading, for the purpo of determining

a freight rate or the limit of the carrier’s liability

货物价值申报。发货人在提单商申报货物的价值是为了决定运费率或承运人的(赔偿)责任限制

Dedicated Unit Train An unit train operated by railroads for exclusive

usage. 专用列车。由铁路经营的专用列车

Deferred Rebate The return of a portion of the freight charges by a

carrier or a conference in exchange for the

shipper giving all or most of his shipments to the

carrier or conference over a specified period time

(usually six months). Payment of the rate is

deferred for a further similar period. During which

the shipper must continue to give all or most of

his shipments to the rebating carrier or

conference. The shipper thus earns a further

rebate that will not, however, be paid without an

additional of exclusive or almost exclusive

patronage with the carrier of conference. In this

way, the shipper becomes tied to the rebating

carrier or conference. Although the deferred

rebate system is illegal in many countries, it

generally is accepted in the ocean trade between

other countries.

长期回扣。为换取发货人在一段规定的时间(一般是六个月)内将其全部或大部分货载交给承运人或运价公会，由承运人或运价公会给予的部分运价返还。回扣是在(货运)相同的时间内延期支付的，在这段时间内发货人必须不断地将其全部或大部分货载交给承运人或运价公会。这样发货人才能取得这种如无持续排他提供货载就不给予的延期折扣。在这种情况下，发货人就被回扣的承运人或运价公会约束了(捆绑了)。虽然长期回扣制度在很多国家是非法的，但仍然被国家间航运贸易界普遍接受。

Deficit Weight The weight by which a shipment is less than the

minimum weight.

低限货，无法满足运输最低重量要/数量求的货物。

Delay in Startup Insurance Is a policy to protect the ller of a construction

project from penalties if the project is not

completed on time.

工程延误保险，工程延误保险是保护工程建筑商不会因工程不能按时完工受到处罚

Delivery Instructions Order to pick up goods at a named place and deliver

them to a pier. Usually issued by exporter to trucker

but may apply to a railroad, which completes

delivery by land. U is limited to a few major U.S.

ports. Also known as shipping delivery order.

交付(货)指示。到指定地点提取货物并交到码头的命令。通常命令是由出口商发给卡车公司的，但也适用于通过公路完成交付的铁路运输公司，这种方式适用于美国少数主要城市。也称为货运交付命令/指示

Delivery order (D/O) A document authorizing delivery to a nominated

party of cargoes in the care of a third party. The

document is issued by a carrier or a forwarder on

surrender of a bill of lading and then ud by the

merchant to transfer title by endorment.

提货单，交付命令。授权管理货物的第三放向指定方交

付货物的文件。由承运人或运输代理人在收回提单时签

发，然后贸易商通过背书进行货物交易(物权转移)的文件

Demurrage Demurrage，Compensation/Additional charge

impod for exceeding the free time which is

included in the rate and allowed for the u of

certain equipment at the terminal payable by the

shipper or receiver to the carrier. (See Detention

and Per Diem)

滞期费， 承运人向发货人或收货人收取的超过规定的免费时间和设备（船舶）使用期限的补偿/附加费。

Demurrage/Despatch money

Under vesl chartering terms, the amount to be

paid if the ship is loading/discharging slower/faster

than foreen. 滞期/速遣费，租船条款的规定――如果装/卸船舶快于/慢于规定的时间所要支付的费用

Density The weight of cargo per cubic foot or other unit.

密度，浓度，比重，每立方英尺或其他体积单位的货物重量

Density rate A rate bad upon the density and shipment weight

比重运费率。一种以货载的比重和重量为计算基础的运费率

Despatch （money）. Time saved, reward for quick turnaround-in dry

cargo only.

速遣费，对（干）散杂货加快装卸――节省时间的奖金

Destination -The place to which a shipment is consigned.

货物指定运达的地点

-The place where carrier actually turns over cargo

to consignee or his agent.

承运人实际向收货人或其代理交付货物的地方。

Destination Control Statement

Various statements that the U.S.A government

requires to be displayed on export shipments. The

statements specify the authorized destinations.

目的地授权书。美国政府广泛采用的，要求在出口货物时提交货物的目的地授权书（证明书）

Destination delivery charge (DDC)

A charge, bad on container size, that is applied in

many tariffs to cargo. This charge is considered

accessorial and is added to the ba ocean freight.

This charge covers crane lifts off the vesl,

drayage of the container within the terminal and

gate fees at the terminal operation.

目的港交货（附加）费。一种根据集装箱箱型，很多船公司都征收的货物附加费。这是一种基本海运费的附加费。它包括了集装箱卸船费、码头内托箱费和出场操作费。目的港交货费。在对美贸易中非常普遍采用的条款。

Destination Rail Freight Station.

Same as CFS at destination, except a DRFS is

operated by the rail carrier participating in the

shipment.

(目的地）铁路集装箱站（场）。与（海运）集装箱站（场）相同，只是由参与承运的铁路承运人操作

Detention A penalty charge against shippers or consignees

for delaying carrier’s equipment beyond allowed

time. Demurrage applies to cargo; detention

applies to equipment. See “Per Diem”

滞留损失（滞留条款）。一种对发货人或收货人超过规定时间使用承运人运输设备的罚金。“滞期费”适用于货物装卸，超期使用费适用于运输设备。（见 “Per Diem”）

Devanning The removal of cargo from a container or cargo

van. Also known as unstuffing, unloading or

stripping.

拆箱（或卸密封车），从集装箱中把货物拆出。这个词可Deviation.

Differential

Differential Rate

Direct delivery

用“unstuffing, unloading, stripping” 代替

Vesl departure from specified voyage cour.

绕航。船舶偏离规定航线。

An amount added or deducted from ba rate to

make a rate to or from some other point or via

another route.

差额费率（加减费率），从基本运费中扣减或加进的一个数额（费率）来制定从基本点往/来其他点或经不同航路往/来基本点运输（货物）的运费

-An amount added or deducted from ba rate to

make a rate to or from some other point or via

another route.

差额费率（加减费率），从基本运费中扣减或加进的一个数额（费率）来制定从基本点往/来其他点或经不同航路往/来基本点运输（货物）的运费

-A difference in the transportation rate or the

number of vehicles per unit time to the same

destination over different routes, so as to

equalize traffic

均衡差额，为了使从不同线路到同一目的地或单位时间到达同一目的地车辆数(的变化)造成的运费差异均衡的运费差额

-A difference in rates over the same route owing to

differences in the commodities being

transported .

-货类运费差额，在同一路线上由于运送的货物不同的运费差额（费率）

Direct discharge from vesl onto railroad car,

road vehicle or barge with the purpo of

immediate transport from the port area (usually

occurs when ports lack adequate storage space or

when ports are not equipped to handled a specific

cargo)

直接交货、直接卸船（船边直放）。为了及时从港口转运

的目的从船上直接（把货物）卸到铁路车板、汽车或驳船

上（当港口缺少适当的仓储空间或没有配备操作特殊货物

的设备时经常会发生）

Discrepancy Letter of Credit

When documents prented do not conform to

Displacement

Diversion

Division

Divert

DNRCAOSLONL

Docket

Dock(er)

the requirements of the letter of credit(L/C), it is

referred to as a “discrepancy”. Banks will not

process L/C’s which have discrepancies. They

will refer the situation back to the buyer and/or

ller and await further instructions.

信用证差异（不符点）。当提供的单据与信用证的要求不同时，被归于信用证差异（不符点）。银行将不会处理信用证差异（将不会对有差异的信用证进行操作）。他们将把这个情况提交给买方及/或卖方并等待进一步的指示。

The weight, in tons of 2,240 pounds, of the

vesl and its contents. Calculated by dividing

the volume of water displaced in cubic feet by

35, the average density of a water.

排水量。按长吨（英吨），船舶的重量和它的容积。用区分（对比）每排出35立方英尺的海水平均比重来计算

A change made either in the route of a shipment

in transit or of the entire ship.

改航线，改运输路线。一种用既改变货物运输路线又改变整艘船舶航线的改线。

Carriers’ practice of dividing revenue received

from through rates where joint hauls are involved.

This is usually according to agreed formulae.

分配，分割。承运人划分合资运输收入的习惯作法。这通常是根据约定俗成的习惯办法。

The route of a shipment changed in transit from

that shown on the original billing. Ud

interchangeably with reconsign.

改港。 在运输中改变原来单据中的货物运输路线。用更改托运的办法来实现

Discountless and Non-Returnable Cargo and/or

Ship Lost or Not Lost

不可折扣和不可返还即/或无论货物丢失与否

Prent a rate proposal to a conference meeting

for adoption as a conference group rate.

建议（公会）费率。为被采纳为航运公会集团费率而向公会提交的费率建议（议案）。

-For ships, a cargo handling area parallel to the

shoreline where a vesl normally ties up.

码头、船坞。对海运，是一个与海岸平行的，船舶通常系泊的操作平台。

-For land Transportation, a loading or unloading

platform at an industrial location or carrier

terminal.

站台、月台。对陆运，是一个位于工厂或承运人码头，用于装卸的操作平台。

Dock Receipt A document ud to acknowledge receipt of cargo

or container at CFS or a CY or a Container

Terminal. When delivery of an export shipment is

completed, the dock receipt is surrendered to the

vesl operator or the operator’s agent in

exchange for the ocean or hou bill of lading.

仓库收据，场栈收据。一种用于表明在集装箱中转站、集装箱码头收到货物或集装箱的单据。当出口货物交库完毕，仓库收据用于向承运人或承运人代理换取海运提单或货代分提单。

Documents against acceptance

Instructions given by a shipper to a bank

indicating that documents transferring title to

goods should be delivered to the buyer only upon

the buyer’s acceptance of the attached draft.

承兑交单。发货人给银行的指示，明确，只有收到买方承兑汇票时才能将（货）物权转移（交）给买方

Doing Business As… A legal term for conducting business under a

registered name.

以。。。名义交易，（做事如„）。以一个已注册的（公司）名义进行交易法律术语

Dolly A t of wheels that support the front of a

container, ud when the automotive unit is

disconnected.

(集装箱拖架)前支架/支脚。用于当集装箱拖车脱离集装箱时支撑集装箱前部的支架。

Door-to-Door Through transportation of a container and its

contents from consignor to consignee. Also

known as Hou to Hou. Not necessarily a

through rate.

门到门(运价)。把集装箱和其装载的货物从发货人处运给收货人的方式。与“HOUSE TO HOUSE”同意。不需要其他费用的联运运价。

Double-deck Load A cond tier of cargo placed on top of the first tier.

二层（舱）货物。装载于第一层（舱）上的货物

Double Stack Train Rail or train capable of carrying two 40’

container, one on top of the other.

双层车板/皮。能重叠运输40尺集装箱的铁路车板或拖车板

Draft -The number of feet that the hull of a ship is

beneath the surface of the water.

船体在水下（部分）英尺数――吃水

-An unconditional order in writing, addresd by

Draft, Bank

Draft, Clean

Draft, Date

Draft, Discounted

Draft, Time

one party (drawer) to another party (drawee),

requiring the drawee to pay at a fixed or

determinable future date a specified sum in

lawful currency to the order of a specified

person.

汇票。一种无条件书面命令，由一方（出票人）开给另一方（受款人）要求受票人在一个特定的或双方决定的将来的一个日子按一个指定人命令支付指定金额合法货币。

-The draft of a vesl is the vertical between the

waterline and the underside of the keel of the

vesl. During the construction of a vesl the

marks showing the draft are welded on each

side of the vesl. Synonym: Draught

船舶吃水是水线到水下（船舶）龙骨的垂直距离。船舶建造时就已标焊在船舶的两边。同意词：Draught.

An order issued by a ller against a purcha;

directs payment, usually through an intermediary

bank. Typical bank drafts are negotialble

instruments and are similar in many ways to checks

on checking accounts in a bank.

银行汇票。一种由售货人依据买卖合同签署的支付指示/命

令，通常通过一个中介银行签发。汇票是典型的银行议付工

具，它在很多方面相似于在银行有核对帐户的“支票”

A draft to which no documents are attached.

光票。一种没有（不需要）随附票据的汇票。

A draft that matures on a fixed date, regardless of

the time of acceptance.

定期汇票。一种已规定日期、不管承兑的时间的汇票

A time draft under a letter of credit that has been

accepted and purchad by a bank at a discount.

折扣汇票。一种信用证项下已经承兑并被银行已折扣价格

购买的汇票。

A draft that matures at a fixed or determinable

time after prentation or acceptance.

远期汇票。一种提交单据或承兑后一个规定或约定日期支

付的汇票。

Draught(or Draft) Depth to which a ship is immerd in water. The

depth varies according to the design of the ship

and will be greater or lesr depending not only

on the weight of the ship and everything on

board, but also on the density of the water in

which the ship is lying.

(船舶)吃水。 船舶浸入水面的深度。深度变化因船舶的Drawback

Drawee

Dray

Drayage

Dry-Bulk Container

Dry cargo

Dry Dock

设计而定，并在很大程度上不仅基于船舶的重量和船上的载运的物品，也基于船舶漂浮的水的比重。

A partial refund of an import fee. Refund usually

results becau goods are re-exported from the

country that collected the fee.

退税。一种部分退还的进口费（税）。退还的产生是因为货物又从收取费用的国家再出口。

The individual or firm that issued a draft and thus

stands to receive payment.

受票人、（汇票）付款人。 被指定的、从而守约付款的受票个人或公司。

A truck or other equipment designed to haul

heavy loads.

（无围边的）大车、板车。一种卡车或其他设计来拖运重载货物的设备。

-Charge made for local hauling by dray or truck.

Same as Cartage.

拖运费。 为当地用卡车或拖车拖运制定的费收。同Cartage

-Road transportation between the nearest

railway terminal and the stuffing place.

短途（公路）运输。从最近的铁路货场到（海运）集装箱装箱场的公路运输

A container constructed to carry grain, powder

and other free-flowing solids in bulk. Ud in

conjunction with a tilt chassis or platform.

状散装货物建造的集装箱。用于船、场之间的连接（转栈）运输。

Cargo that is not liquid and normally does not

require temperature control.

干散（杂）货。非液体、通常不用控制温度的货物

An enclod basin into which a ship is taken for

underwater cleaning and repairing. It is fitted

with watertight entrance gates which when

clod permit the dock to be pumped dry.

（干杂）散装集装箱。一种为运输粮食、粉状或其他流体

干船坞。一种封闭水池，在其中对船舶水下部分进行清理和维修。它装有水密门，当门关闭后船坞可以把水泵出

DSDWTC Declaration of ship’s deadweight tonnage of

cargo (船方) 宣载通知书

Dumping Attempting to import merchandi into a

country at a price less than the fair market value,

usually through subsidy by exporting country.

倾销。通过出口国的补贴向一个国家出口比公平市价低Dunnage

Dwell Time

DWTC

的货物。

-Materials of various types, often timber or

matting, placed among the cargo for paration,

and hence protection from damage, for

ventilation and, in the ca of certain cargoes, to

provide space in which the types of a fork lift

truck may be inrted.

垫舱物料。多种形式的材料，通常是木材或席类，放在

（铺垫）货物中间作为分隔物从而保护货物受损。对于某些货物，为了通风隔离出一定的空间，以便放入叉车之类的东西。

-Lumber or other material ud to brace

materials in carrier’s equipment or containers.

垫舱物料。 木材或其他用来支撑承运人设备或集装箱的材料。

It is expresd in terms of number of days that

a container changed from one status to another,

e.g., from inbound load to empty available to

outbound load. The shorter the dwell time, the

more efficient the container utilization will be.

(集装箱)周转期。需在表明集装箱状态改变天数的条款中说明，例如从内陆重箱状态到外贸空箱状态，“周转期”越短，集装箱的利用率越高

－Declaration of deadweight tonnage of cargo

宣载通知书

－Deadweight tonnage of cargo

货物载重吨位，净载货重量