(完整版)高中英语人教版必修一全册课文内容电子版x

2024年1月20日发(作者：米景贤)

Unit 1 ANNE ’S BEST FRIEND

Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?

Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are

going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.

Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so they had

to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hid away for nearly

twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary.

She said, “I don ’twant to t down a ries of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary

itlf to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty. ”Now read how she felt after being in the hiding

place since July 1942.

th

Thursday 15

June, 1942

I wondered if it is becau I haven ’tbeen able to be outdoors for so long that I ’ve grown so crazy

about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,

the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That ’s changed

since I came here.

⋯

For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpo until half past

eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by mylf. But as the moon gave far too much

light, I didn ’tdare to open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at

dusk when the window was open. I didn ’tgo downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark,

rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time

in a year and a half that I ’d en the night face to face⋯

⋯

Sadly

⋯ I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty

windows. It ’sno pleasure looking through the any longer becau nature is one thing that really

must be experienced.

Yours,

Anne

Unit 2 English around the world

The road to modern English

At the end of the 16 century, about five to ven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in

England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and

becau of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their

th

first, cond or foreign language than ever before.

Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don ’tspeak the same kind of English. Look at

this example:

British Betty: Would you like to e my flat?

American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to your apartment.

So why has English changed over time? Actually, all languages change and develop when cultures meet and

communicate with each other. At first, the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different

from the English spoken today. It was bad more on German than the English we speak at prent. Then gradually

between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German becau tho who ruled England spoke first

Danish and later French. The new ttlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.

So by the 1600 ’s Shakespeare was able to make u of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British

ttlers moved to America. Later in the 18

th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English

began to be spoken in both countries.

Finally by the 19

th century the language was ttled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened:

first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The America Dictionary of the English

Language. The latter gave a parate identity to American English spelling.

English now is also spoken as a foreign or cond language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large

number of fluent English speakers becau Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became

the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in

Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact,

China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chine English develop its own identity? Only time

will tell.

STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS

What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe

it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. This is becau in the early days of radio, tho who

reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear

differences in the way people speak.

When people u words and expressions different from “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American

English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in

some parts of the USA, two people from neighboring towns speak a little differently. American English has so many

dialects becau people have come from all over the world.

Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA

speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their

dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as

people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.

Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other ’s dialects.

Unit 3

JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG

PART I THE DREAM AND THE PLAN

My name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great

bike trip. Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. Last year,

she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Y u Hang at their college in Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western

Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chine part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other

countries. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. After graduating from college, we finally got

the chance to take a bike trip. I asked my sister, “Where are we going? ”It was my sister who first had the idea to

cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. Now she is planning our schedule for

the trip.

I am fond of my sister but she has one rious shortcoming. She can be really stubborn. Although she didn ’t

know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. Now I know that the proper

way is always her way. I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?”I asked her whether

she had looked at a map yet. Of cour she hadn ’t; my sister doesn ’tcare about details. So I told her that the source

of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province. She gave me a determined look--the kind that said she would not change her

mind. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, she said it

would be an interesting experience. I know my sister well. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.

Finally, I had to give in.

Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a large atlas with good maps that

showed details of world geography. From the atlas we could e that the Mekong River begins in a glacier on a

mountain in Qinghai Province. At first the river is small and the water is clear and cold. Then it begins to move

quickly. It becomes rapids as it pass through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province.

Sometimes the river becomes a waterfall and enters wide valleys. We were both surprid to learn that half of the

river is in China. After it leaves China and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm. As it enters

Southeast Asia, its pace slows. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice

grows. At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.

PART II A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS

Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet. Our legs were so heavy and cold that

they felt like blocks of ice. Have you ever en snowmen ride bicycles? That ’s what we looked like! Along the way

children dresd in long wool coats stopped to look at us. In the late afternoon we found it was so cold that our

water bottles froze. However, the lakes shone like glass in the tting sun and looked wonderful. Wang Wei rode in

front of me as usual. She is very reliable and I knew I didn ’tneed to encourage her. To climb the mountains was

hard work but as we looked around us, we were surprid by the view. We emed to be able to e for miles. At

one point we were so high that we found ourlves cycling through clouds. Then we began going down the hills.

It was great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer. In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around

and we saw many yaks and sheep eating green grass. At this point we had to change our caps, coats, gloves

and trours for T-shirts and shorts.

us

In the early evening we always stop to make camp. We put up our tent and then we eat. After supper Wang

Wei put her head down on her pillow and went to sleep but I stayed awake. At midnight the sky became clearer and

the stars grew brighter. It was so quiet. There was almost no wind- only the flames of our fire for company. As I lay

beneath the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.

We will reach Dali in Yunnan Province soon, where our cousins Dao Wei and Yu Hang will join us. We

can hardly wait to e them!

Unit 4 A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN

’T SLEEP

Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in

the village wells ro and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly

gas came out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At

about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes

could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the

water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought

little of the events, were asleep as usual that night.

At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It emed as if the world

kilometres directly below the city one of the greatest earthquakes of the 20

was at an end! Eleven

th

century had begun. It

was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation felt

it. A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across hous, roads

and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen

terrible conds a large city lay in ruins. The sufferings of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of

them died or were injured during the earthquake. The number of people who were killed or riously

injured reached more than 400,000.

But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything was

destroyed. All of the city ’s hospital, 75 ％ of its factories and buildings and 90 ％ of its homes were

gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away.

Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling. The railway tracks

were now uless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a

million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People

were shocked. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first

one shook Tangshan. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how

long the disaster would last.

All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army nt 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help

the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to

dig out tho who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000

miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors who homes

had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city

began to breathe again.

UNIT 5 ELIAS ’STORY

My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very

difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I

went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time,

for which I was grateful.

I needed his help becau I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only

two years was three kilometres away. I had to leave becau my family could not continue to pay the school fees

and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a

time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have one becau I was not born

there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.

The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so

I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When

he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said:

“The last thirty years have en the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we

have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”

It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choo their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted.

The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they

were nt to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela

said:

“⋯ we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.

We cho to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed

⋯only

then did we decided to answer violence with violence. ”

As a matter of fact, I do not like violence ⋯ but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was

very dangerous becau if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help becau I knew it would

help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.

THE REST OF ELIAS ’STORY

You cannot imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid. It was a prison from which no one escaped.

There I spent the hardest time of my life. But when I got there Nelson Mandela was also there and he helped me. Mr

Mandela began a school for tho of us who had little learning. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the

evenings when we should have been asleep. We read books under our blankets and ud anything we could find to

make candles to e the words. I became a good student. I wanted to study for my degree but I was not allowed to

do that. Later, Mr Mandela allowed the prison guards to join us. He said they should not be stopped from studying

for their degrees. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. So I knew I could get a degree too.

That made me feel good about mylf.

When I finished the four years in prison, I went to find a job. Since I was better educated, I got a job working in

an office. However, the police found out and told my boss that I had been in prison for blowing up government

buildings. So I lost my job. I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in

1994. All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends. Luckily Mr Mandela

remembered me and gave me a job taking tourists around my old prison on Robben Island. I felt bad the first time I

talked to a group. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me. I remembered the beatings and the cruelty of

the guards and my friends who had died. I felt I would not be able to do it, but my family encouraged me. They said

that the job and the pay from the new South Africa government were my reward after working all my life for equal

rights for the Blacks. So now I am proud to show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make

our people free in their own land.