原级、比较级、最高级的构成和用法
一、原级的构成和用法
l)构成：形容词，副词的原级形式
2)用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用“as十形容词或副词原级十大耳朵英语学习网as”结构；
表示双方不相等时，用“not so (as)十形容词或副词原级十 as”结构；
表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数十 as十形容词或副词原级十 as”结构。
e.g.
Ms. Sun speaks English as fluently as you．
This building looks not so (as) high as that one．
This room is three times as large as that one.
二、形容词、副词比较级
1.比较级和最高级的构成
1）加-er, -est构成比较级和最高级。
单音节形容词和副词 以不发音的-e结尾的
high higher highest safe safer safest
hard harder hardest late later latest
small----smaller----smallest large----larger----largest
new----newer----newest nice----nicer----nicest
辅音字母要双写的情况 以辅音加-y结尾的情况
Big bigger biggest dry drier driest
Hot hotter hottest merry merrier merriest
Thin thinner thinnest easy easier easiest
2) 加more, most构成比较级和最高级
多音节的形容词由形容词加-ly构成的副词
expensive more expensive most expensive
slowly more slowly most slowly
carefully more carefully most carefully 做梦梦到尸体
highly more highly most highly
以-ful, -less, -able, -ous, -ive, -ing等结尾的双元音形容词
酱萝卜
uless more uless most uless
serious more rious most rious
分词形容词tired, plead及glad, often, real, right, wrong等单音节形容词。
tired more tired most tired
glad more glad most glad
3）下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法．
cruel crueler cruelest more cruel most cruel
often oftener oftenest more often most often
strict stricter strictest more strict most strict
friendly friendlier friendliest more friendly most friendly
高考英语考试时间4)形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的不规则构成法
good/well better best
bad/ill/badly wor worst
many/much more most
little less least
结婚祝福语高级一点的far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2. 比较级的表示法：主语+be+比较级+than…
反欺凌手抄报主语+谓语+比较级+than…
1)不同主语的比较
①双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级十 than”的结构表示。
He is two years younger than I.
②表示一方不及另一方时，用“less十原级十 than”的结构表示。
This room is less beautiful than that one.
2) 同一主语不同方面的比较
She is now happier than she has ever been.
用于修饰比较级的词：怎样哄女孩子even, much, far, a lot, still, yet, a bit, a little，by far
表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量，可在比较级前加上上述表示程度的副词，以加强语气。
He works even harder than before.
4）在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(tho)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。 that指物，one既可指人，也可指物，that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。例如：
The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.
A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood．
3. 补充：表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
1)A is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc．) as B．例如：
Asia is four times as large as Europe，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大．(亚洲比欧洲大三倍．)
2) A is three(four，ete) times the size(height，length，width，ete) of B．例如；
The new building is four times the size( the height) of the old one．这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍])．
3) A is three(four，etc．) times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，etc．) than B．例如：
Your school is three times bigger than ours，你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍．(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大．)
用 times表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数．表示两倍可以用 twice或 double
4. 比较级的特殊用法
1）the +比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓：越……越……
The harder he works, the happier he feels.
2)比较级+and+比较级：越来越……
The weather is getting colder and colder.
三．形容词和副词最高级的用法
三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。最高级中表示比较范围的常用among, in, of 引导的介词短语或从句表示。
Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.
She is one of the most beautiful girls in our school.
He works (the) hardest in his class.
