形容词、副词比较级与最高级的变化规律

更新时间:2023-08-03 07:26:17 阅读：评论：0

一、形容词、副词比较级与最高级的变化规律:

1、规则变化:

（1）单音节词末尾加-er(比较级)，-est(最高级)。例如：

great	greater	greatest
small	秋词其一 smaller	smallest
clean	cleaner	cleanest
light	lighter	lightest
hard	harder	hardest

(2)以不发音字母e结尾的单词，直接在词尾加-r或者-st 。例如:

fine	finer	finest
wide	wider	widest
nice	nicer	nicest
brave	braver	bravest
cute	cuter	cutest
late	later	latest

(3)以重读闭音节结尾的单词，如果词尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est。例如：

big	bigger	biggest
hot	hotter	hottest
red	redder	reddest
thin纸金	thinner	thinnest
funny	funnier	funniest
red	redder	reddest
fat	fatter	fattest

(4)少数以-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er或-est。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。例如：

clever	cleverer	cleverest
narrow	narrower	narrowest
easy	easier	easiest
妈妈像　lazy	lazier	laziest
happy	happier	happiest

特殊情况①

far	farther(比较远)	farthest(最远)
far	further(进一步)	furthest(最大限度)

区别：farther多指距离，以为更远。

further也可以指更远，但常用其引申意义，多指时间程度数量的更进一步。

特殊情况②:

old	older	oldest
old	elder	eldest

区别1：older,oldest 泛指新旧,老幼或年龄大小关系

eg: He is the oldest boy in the class.

他是班上年龄最大的孩子。

elder,eldest主要用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系。

如：elder sister/daughter 姐姐／长女

eg: My elder brother is one year older than I.

我哥哥比我大一岁

区别2：elder可用作名词，表示＂年长的人＂，

eg: respect the elders：敬老 ;

而 older不可以用作名词；

区别3：older,oldest 即做定语又可做表语，

而elder,eldest 常做定语．

（美语中常用older,oldest 取代 elder,eldest）

(5)加more, most构成比较级和最高级:

①多音节的形容词:

expensive	more expensive	most expensive
difficult	more difficult	most difficult
frightening	more frightening	most frightening
honest	more honest	most honest
careful	more careful	most careful

②由形容词加-ly构成的副词:

slowly	more slowly	most slowly
carefully	more carefully	most carefully
quickly	more quickly	most quickly

③以-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-ive等结尾的双元音形容词。

uful more uful most uless

active more active most active

rious more rious most rious

面具怎么做careless more careless most careless

④-ed分词和-ing分词形容词及often,real等单音节形容词。

tiring more tiring most tiring

tired more tired most tired

often more often most often

注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。

如： right, wrong, woolen等。

⑤下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法：

雨中漫步作文cruel crueler cruelest

more cruel most crue

often oftener oftenest

more often most often

strict stricter strictest

more strict most strict

friendly friendlier friendliest

more friendly most friendly

2、不规则变化：

瞌睡虫步进来

原级	比较级	最高级
good/well	better	best
bad/badly/ill	wor	worst
much/many	more	most
little	less	least
far	father/further	fathest/furthest
old	older/elder	oldest/eldest个人总结100字

七、常见的副词用来修饰比较级：

much, far, a lot (......得多)

even, still (更......)

a bit, a little(......少)

绝对不可能有的副词修饰比较级的:

quite, very, more

3、多个形容词修饰一个名词时，其顺序为：限定词（冠词、指示代词等）+数词+描述性形容词+大小、长短、高低等形容词+形状+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料性质+用途类别。

概括为一个口诀是：美小圆旧黄，法国木工房。

Eg: a small round table, a dirty old brown shirt,

an expensive Japane sports car

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