UNIT 2 Resurgent and Emergent Dias Teaching Objectives
After learning Unit 2, Ss are expected to accomplish the following objectives:
Professional knowledge ▪To understand the current situations of the threatening resurgent and emergent dias
▪To know the caus of the emerging dias
▪To have some knowledge of the resources and measures available to combat the resurgent and emergent dias
Reading ▪To know that infectious dias are still a great threat to human health
▪To understand the true implication of “Old enemies never die.” in the context of medicine and health care
▪To learn that the war against infectious dias is far from won
▪To be aware how every returning condition marches to the beat of
a different drum
▪To recognize the importance of prevention and surveillance such as vaccination practices in the battle against infections
▪To have a thorough knowledge of the verity of the TB resurgence as exemplified by the British situation
Academic vocabulary and discour ▪To gain some knowledge about medical terminology in the aspects of building blocks and etymology
▪To understand the ways of listing
▪To further develop an awareness of formal and informal language
Viewing To learn how to find major points when watching a video clip or listening to an audio recording by identifying clues and questions from the speaker
Speaking ▪To be aware of the goals of a prentation when starting preparation
▪To know strategies to tailor the prentation to rve the different purpos
关于静的名言
Writing ▪To know the characteristics of a good paper title ▪To know the forms of capitalization in the title
Rearching To gain a clear and comprehensive understanding of TB epidemiology and the adopted measures and policies to control and prevent it
Teaching Activities and Resources
Part 1 Reading
Text A
Lead-in
Suggested teaching plan
1.Start the class by introducing the reality of the infectious dias.
2.Lead Ss to do Task / Lead-in:
韩国签证咨询
1)Ask Ss to fill in the blanks.巧克力蛋糕
2)Ask Ss to compare their answers with their partners’.
3)Check Ss’ answers.
The following is a list of suggested key words:
Outbreak Year Cau Symptom
SARS 2002-2003 SARS
coronavirus
(冠状病毒)
•High fever
替换换行符
•Headache
•An overall feeling of discomfort
•Body aches
•Diarrhea (腹泻)
•Cough
•Shortness of breath
Ebola 2013-2016 Ebola virus •Tiredness
•Fever
•Decread appetite •Muscular and joint pain •Headache
•Sore throat
•V omiting
•Diarrhea •Abdominal pain (腹痛) •Shortness of breath •Swelling (肿胀) •Confusion •Bleeding
Zika 2015-2016 Zika virus •Fever •Red eyes •Joint pain
•Headache
• A maculopapular rash (斑状丘疹)
3.Make a summary on the discussion and introduce the topic of Text A.
Text Comprehension
Suggested teaching plan
1.To design and plan a well-informed class, T may brow the official website of
WHO, CDC, and China CDC for the latest news, reports, and information about the current situation of infectious dias. As a continuation of Lead-in, introduce the topic of the text by mentioning the most pertinent information.
2.Analyze the text and lead Ss to discuss, integrating Task 2 / Critical reading and
thinking / Text A into analysis and discussion. The prentation topics should be assigned to individual Ss for preparation at least one week in advance. Ask other Ss to preview the text with the guidance of the prentation topics.
3.Integrate Task 2 / Language building-up / Text A when a usage of listing is
covered.
4.When analyzing the text, ask Ss to pay special attention to the ntences listed in
酿酒技术Language focus below.
5.If time allows, ask Ss to do Task 1 / Critical reading and thinking / Text A in
about five minutes. Check out the task by asking one or two Ss to read their answers. This is done to get an overview about the text.
Language focus
1.In 1969, Surgeon General William Stewart, testifying before Congress, said
that we could “clo the book on infectious dia.” (P28, Para. 3)
clo the book on something作为一个固定搭配，意为“搁置某物，对某物已经无须耗费精力”。注意clo the books的意义则完全不同，意为“关账或是停止交易”。
2.… that we cannot satisfy our most parochial needs without attending to the
health condition of the globe. (P29, Para. 6)
lovable此处attend to something意为“处理，应对”。此处意为“如果不做好应对全球的健康状况，我们也无法满足我们那些十分狭隘的需求”。
3.Every returning condition marches to the beat of a different drum. (P29,
Para. 7)
march to (the beat of) a different drum / drummer为美国俚语，意为“独树一帜，标新立异，采用与传统方法不同的方法或态度行事”。此句理解为：每一项复发的传染性疾病都有着与以往发病不相同的发病机理。
4.The re-emerging infections each have a little wrinkle to them that is
important. (P29, Para. 7)
wrinkle在非正式场合中意为“一个聪明的创新”，即指这些疾病每次兴风作浪都有新花样。
5.“Tho process in nature that have given us the pandemic influenzas are
not finished.” (P30, Para.8)
influenza一词源于意大利语，因为古代人们不知道该病的病因，认为是“新宿显灵或影响（influence）”而致病，后来意为“流行性感冒”。Supplementary information
AIDS
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is the final stage of HIV dia, which caus vere damage to the immune system. AIDS is a syndrome, rather than a single dia, becau it is a complex illness with a wide range of complications and symptoms.
Caus and risk factors:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) caus AIDS. The virus attacks the
植树节由来immune system and leaves the body vulnerable to a variety of life-threatening infections and cancers.
The virus can be spread (transmitted) through xual contact, through blood
via blood transfusions or needle sharing, and from mother to child. People
who are infected with HIV may have no symptoms for 10 years or longer,
but they can still transmit the infection to others during this symptom-free
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People at highest risk for getting HIV include injection drug urs who share
needles; infants born to mothers with HIV who didn’t receive HIV therapy
during pregnancy; people engaging in unprotected x, especially with
people who have other high-risk behaviors, are HIV-positive, or have AIDS;
people who received blood transfusions or clotting products; and xual
partners of tho who participate in high-risk activities (such as injection
drug u or anal x).
•Symptoms:
It is important to remember that some symptoms of HIV infection are similar
to symptoms of many other common illness, such as the flu, or respiratory
or gastrointestinal infections.
•Treatment:
There is no cure for AIDS at this time. However, a variety of treatments are
available that can help keep the symptoms at bay and improve the quality
and prolong the length of life for tho who have already developed
symptoms. For instance, antiretroviral therapy suppress the replication of
HIV virus in the body. A combination of veral antiretroviral drugs, called
highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), has been very effective in
reducing the number of HIV particles in the bloodstream.
Key to the tasks
Critical reading and thinking
Task 1
As the old saying goes, “Old enemies never die.” It is true with infectious dias. Despite a string of impressive victories in medicine, conquest of infectious dias is an unfulfilled mission, and human beings are also confronted with new challenges pod by emerging dias. AIDS and Ebola emed to come from nowhere. Old afflictions such as diphtheria, TB and Group A streptococcal infection have flared. It is evident that the battle against infectious dias is far from won.
The medical communities and public health authorities should not be misled by the complacent ntiment that the war against infectious dias has been won. Currently, one inspiring obrvation is that joint efforts are being made for that purpo, with a new division established by WHO. Another mentionable endeavor is WHO’s identification of five dias who worldwide re-emergence should be monitored: diphtheria, cholera, dengue fever, yellow fever, and bubonic plague. Such a list contributes to the realization that world health is indivisible. It is also important to
realize that every returning condition is unique, each with a different wrinkle. TB is the result of socioeconomic conditions and human behavior; and flu likewi changes its coat and in turn its level of virulence.
Eternal vigilance can keep future headlines free of news of worldwide pandemic. Vaccination cannot be emphasized more. Screening and diagnosis of infectious dias should be carried out with stricter guidelines. Efforts should also be directed to the four areas of focus propod by Bob Howard: surveillance, science up-to-date and capable of dealing with what you discover in the field, appropriate prevention and control in place, and strong public health infrastructure in place.
