2022-2023学年上海市南模中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷
I. Listening comprehension
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II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
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Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word that best fits each blank.
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Health warning as UK swelters
动物防疫员People across the UK have enjoyed the sunshine this week, but they have also advid to be careful as a heat wave hits much of the country.
A heat wave is defined as a period of hot weather __21__ temperatures are higher than is expected for the time of year. They usually happen in summer.
However, climate change (long-term changes to weather patterns, mostly __22__ (cau) by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, farming and cutting down forests) is increasing the chance of heat waves happening and making them more extreme. The current hot weather is even (much) __23__ extreme in some European countries -- temperatures in southern Spain have reached 46℃.
Heat waves can be a danger to people's health, especially for vulnerable groups such as the elderly, children and people __24__ certain health conditions. However, anyone __25__ suffer from the effects of extreme heat, including dehydration (not having enough water) and heatstroke (a condition caud by the body overheating). A group of leading UK scientists __26__ (suggest) that, just as storms are given names, we should name heat waves in order to rai awareness of the health risks.
The Met Office, the UK's national weather rvice, has issued an amber warning. This m
eans there is the possibility of travel delays, road and rail closures, power cuts and a potential risk to people's health. Temperatures are expected __27__ (ri) to 35℃, and there have been predictions that the record for the UK's hottest day could be broken. Government officials have met to discuss __28__ to introduce a heat wave emergency.
To cope with hot weather, the NHS (National Health Service) says people should try to keep out of the Sun between 11 am and 3 pm, __29__ temperatures are at their highest and the sun is strongest. Make sure you wear a hat, apply sunscreen and drink plenty of water. __30__ (clo) curtains in the rooms in your home that face the sun will help to keep indoor spaces cooler. If you are swimming outdoors to cool down, make sure you're with a trusted adult and follow local safety advice.
Section B皆次当行
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chon from the box. Each word can only be ud once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. needed B. directly C. constantly D. dangerous E. weightless F. repaired G. affected H. permanent I. scans J. results K. decades 假如信乐团 |
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Bad News For Astronaut Skeletons
Astronauts who bones are weakened by spaceflight may not recover even after returning to Earth, according to a new study. This rais questions about how humans will cope on long space missions.
The __31__ conditions in space mean that astronauts' bodies are not __32__ exercising in the same way as they are on Earth. Muscles get weaker but bones are also __33__ becau the body does not replace minerals that are __34__.
Since 2015, doctors at the University of Calgary in Canada have been studying the problem by comparing __35__ of astronaut tibias (shinbones) made before flight, __36__ after return to Earth, and after six and 12 months of recovery time. Their __37__ show that a year after returning to Earth, bones still have up to 2.1% lower mineral density (a measure of their strength) than before the flight.
Dr Leigh Gabel, who led the team, explained that the effects of a few months in space we
re equal to veral __38__ of ageing on Earth. Damage to the bone itlf that occurs in space can't be __39__, says Gabel, so "the astronaut's overall bone structure permanently changes".
The study found that the longer the space mission, the greater and more __40__ the bone loss. This supports a 2020 study that predicted that during a three-year mission to Mars, one in three astronauts would be at risk of osteoporosis (fragile bones). Gabel says space agencies will need to improve the exerci and nutrition they offer astronauts if they are to go on such long trips.
III. Reading Comprehensions
黑夜太漫长Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context. 微信小程序是什么
