词汇学 30个Definition
1 Word : defined as a fundamental unit of speech and a minimum free form; with a unity of sound and meaning(both lexical and grammatical meaning) , capable of performing a given syntactic.
2 Morpheme: is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms
四线城市有哪些3 Allomorph: is any of the variant forms of a morpheme as conditioned by position or adjoining sounds.
4 Free morpheme : is one that can be uttered alone with meaning.
5 Bound morpheme: cannot stand by itlf as a complete utterance; it must appear with at least one other morpheme.
三角梅的颜色6 Root : a root is the basic unchangeable part of a word ,and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word.
7 Hybrid : is a word made up of elements from two or more different languages.
8 Compounding : is a word-formation process consisting of joining two or more bas to form a new unit, a compound word.塞纳河法国餐厅
9 Derivation ： is defined as a word-formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix ,or suffix , or both ,to the ba .
立德树人的理解和感悟10 Conversion : is a word-formation process whereby a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix.
11 Initialism : is a type of shortening ,using the first letters of words to form a proper name , a technical term ,or a phra;
12 Acronyms : are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scientific term,etc.
13 Clipping : is a type of shortening to coin a new word by subtracting one or more syllables from a word without change in its word-class.
14 Blending :is a process of word formation in which a new word is formed by combining the meanings and sounds of two words ,one of which is not in its full form or both of which are not in their full forms.
15 back-formation : is a term ud to refer to a type of word-formation by which a shorter word is coined by the deletion of a suppod affix from a longer form already prent in the language
推广方案16 Motivation : refers to the connection between word-symbol and its n.
17 Polymy : a term ud in mantic analysis to refer to a lexical item which has a range of different meanings.
18 Radiation :mantically, radiation is the process in which the primary or central meaning stands at the center while condary meanings radiate from it in every direction like ray.
19 Concatenation : “linking together” is a mantic process in which the meaning of a wo
rd moves gradually away from its first n by successive shifts, like the links of a chain , until there is no connection between the n that is finally developed and the primary meaning
20 Homonymy : in the English language ,there are many pairs or groups of words ,which, though different in meaning ,are pronounced alike , or spelled alike ,or both.句芒是谁的后裔
21 perfect homonyms : words identical in sound and spelling but different in meaning .
22 homophones :words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning .
23 homographs : words identical in spelling but different in sound and meaning .
24 Synonyms : a word having the same meaning as another word.
25 complete synonyms ：two words are fully Identical in meaning and interchangeable in any context without the slightest alteration in connotative ,affective and stylistic meanings.
26 Hyponymy : is the relationship which obtains between specific and general lexical items.
27 Lexical context: refers to the lexical items combined with a given polymous word.
28 grammatical context : the syntactic structure of the context determines various individual meanings of polymous word.
29 Ambiguity : refers to a word , phra ,ntence or group of ntences with more than one possible interpretation or meaning.
30 Restriction of meaning : means that a word of wide meaning acquires a narrower ,specialized n which is applicable to only one of the objects it had previously denoted.
31 extension of meaning ：the opposite of restriction ,means the widening of a word’s n until it covers much more than what it originally conveyed
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