2021高考真题英语全国乙卷阅读理解长难句分析
1. Even soccer fans tend to have a at each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
语法：(1)… gone are the days of…此处有倒装的出现。
(2)…standing to watch the match. 此处doing做后置定语修饰thousands。
拓展：完全倒装之“表语+连系动词+主语”结构。 Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year. 她很幸运，去年被一所名牌大学录取。 Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. 他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。
词汇：tend to 倾向于做…
翻译：即使是足球迷也往往每人有一个座位；成千上万人站着看比赛的日子一去不复返了。
2. For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have ud data supplied by the World
Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
语法：(1)…data supplied by the World Atlas list…此处supplied为done做后置定语，表示与data构成动宾关系。
(2)…which ranks them by…此处which引导非限制性定语从句。
(3)…as well as…性质上属于连词，表示并列。
词汇：(1) stadium n. 体育馆
(2) stated adj. 声明的；规定的
(3) permanent adj. 永久的 反义词：temporary adj. 短暂的
(4) capacity n. 容纳能力；容量
翻译：对于世界上最大的体育场馆，我们目前使用的是由世界地图集列表提供的数据。该列表根据其规定的永久容纳量以及来自体育场官方网站的最新信息对其进行排名。
3. Of tho Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a curity blanket - 19 percent say they never u it while a further 13 percent keep it in ca of emergencies.
语法：(1)…who still have a landline…此处who引导定语从句，修饰Australians。
(2)…while a further 13…此处while表示然而，属于连词。
词汇：(1) concede v. 承认
(2) in ca of. 以免；万一
山东培训(3) curity blanket 安全保障
翻译：在那些仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人中，三分之一的人承认这不是真的有必要，他们把它当作安全保障——19%的人说他们从不使用它，还有13%的人保留它是为了怕紧急情况发生。
4. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our B
aby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).
语法：(1)…to the point where we play a game…此处where引导定语从句，修饰point地步。
(2)…guess who is calling…此时who引导宾语从句。老鹅汤
(3)…before we pick up the phone..此时before引导时间状语从句，表示“在…之前”。
词汇：(1) that said 尽管如此
(2) Caller ID 来电显示纸的简笔画
高考查分网>上一次流泪
(3) to be honest 老实的说
翻译：尽管如此，老实说，只有婴儿潮一代的父母打过我们家的电话，以至于我们会玩一个游戏，即在拿起电话之前猜谁在打电话（使用来电显示会让我们失去乐趣）。
5. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from veral volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
语法：Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from veral volunteer beach cleanups,此处made..这个整体是done做定语修饰sculpture的。而中间的collected属于done做定语来修饰straws的。可见非谓语做定语的重要性。
词汇：(1) sculpture n. 雕塑
(2) appearance n.出现；外貌 appear v. 出现
翻译：这座雕塑由16.8万根塑料吸管制成，这些吸管是从几个海滩清理志愿者那里收集的。这个雕塑首次出现在越南胡志明市的埃斯特拉广场购物中心。
6. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源)of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire becau most people don’t need them to drink with and, becau of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.
语法：becau most people don’t need them to drink with and, becau of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. 此处and并列两个句子，即most people don’t need them to drink with和 they cannot be recycled，可以把becau of their small…看做是they cannot be recycled的原因。
词汇：(1) by no means 绝不
(2) under fire 遭受攻击
(3) recycle v. 循环
翻译: 塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染来源，但他们最近受到攻击，因为大多数人不需要他们喝东西，且因为他们的体积和重量小，不能回收。
7. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic, "Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once.
小哥儿俩语法：(1)…titled "Truckload of Plastic, 此处title还是工程履约保函done做后置定语修饰work。
(2) …which were then…此处which引导非限制性定语从句。
(3)…to look like they’d been…此处to do表示目的。
词汇：(1) look like 看起来像…
(2) all at once 同时；一起
翻译：在这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品中，Von Wong和一组志愿者收集了1万多块塑料，然后将它们绑在一起，为了看起来就像是从卡车上一下子扔下来的一样。
8. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—tho expod to a level of noi similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups.
语法：—tho expod to a level of noi similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-此时整体是做同位语对participants进行解释说明的，而其中的expod to…此处为done做后置定语修饰tho的。此刻在翻译上处理时，可以先翻译主句，随后把同位语解释出来。
词汇：(1) statistic n.数据；统计
(2) expod to 暴露在…中
(3) participant n. 参与者 participate v. 参与
(4) outperform v. 优于…
(5) chatter n.喋喋不休
翻译：各组间差异无统计学意义；然而，在70分贝组中的参与者的表现明显优于其他组，而他们被暴露在类似于咖啡店背景下喋喋不休的噪音中。
9. But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noi—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability.
>三年级科学手抄报
