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SURFACE VEHICLE
400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001
RECOMMENDED PRACTICE
Submitted for recognition as an American National Standard
J1392
REV.JUN84
Issued 1982-05Revid
1984-06
Superding J1392 MAY82
STEEL, HIGH STRENGTH, HOT ROLLED SHEET AND STRIP , COLD ROLLED SHEET,
AND COATED SHEET 1
Foreword—This Document has also changed to comply with the new SAE Technical Standards Board format.学生家访记录
NOTE—High-strength, low-alloy Sheet and Strip products formerly were included in J410c, but are now
detailed in this parate Recommended Practice.1.
Scope—This recommended practice covers ven levels of high strength carbon and low-alloy hot rolled sheet and strip, cold rolled sheet, and coated sheet steels. The strength is achieved through chemical composition and special processing.2.References
2.1
Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwi indicated the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.
2.1.1
SAE P UBLICATIONS —Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, P A 15096-0001.SAE J410c—High Strength, Low Alloy Steel
2.1.2
ASTM P UBLICATIONS —Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.ASTM A308—Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Long T erne Coated
ASTM A370—Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
刘怎么组词ASTM A463—Specification for Steel Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Aluminum-Coated Type I and T ype II
ASTM A525—Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated Lower T emperatures ASTM A568—Specification for General Requirements for Steel, Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Hot-Rolled Sheet and Cold-Rolled Sheet
ASTM A568M—Specification for General Requirements for Steel, Carbon, and High-Strength Low-Alloy
Hot-Rolled Sheet and Cold-Rolled Sheet (Metric)
ASTM A591—Specification for Steel Sheet, Electrolytic Zinc-Coated, for Light Coating Mass Applications
1.The values stated in U.S. customary units are to be regarded as the standard recommended practice.
3.Introduction—High strength steel discusd in this recommended practice involves hot rolled sheet and strip
and cold rolled sheet as dimensionally described in ASTM A568 (A568M) latest revision (Steel, Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Hot-Rolled Sheet, Hot-Rolled Strip and Cold-Rolled Sheet, General Requirements). It also includes coated sheet, that is, sheet coated by hot dipping, electroplating, or vapor deposition of zinc, terne, aluminum, and organic compounds normally applied by coil coating. Public specifications related to the coated products are the latest revisions of ASTM A525 (Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process, General Requirements), A591 (Steel Sheet, Cold Rolled, Electrolytic Zinc-Coated), A463 (Steel Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Aluminum-Coated T ype 1), and A308 (Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Long T erne Coated).
The strength is achieved through chemical composition and special processing. Special processing includes mechanical rolling techniques, and temperature control in hot rolling and subquent heat treatments. The primary u of high strength steel is bad on the incread yield and tensile properties which are higher than tho of conventional sheet and strip for which minimum mechanical properties are not normally specified.
The ven strength levels are 35 (240), 40 (280), 45 (310), 50 (340), 60 (410), 70 (480) and 80 (550) ksi (MPa) minimum yield strength. Different chemical compositions are normally ud to achieve the specified mechanical properties. The compositions are significantly different at the same strength level depending on additional material requirements, that is, weldability, formability, toughness, fatigue life, atmospheric corrosion resistance, and economics. The correct type of high strength sheet or strip should be specified to establish compatibility of the producers' chemical composition with the fabrication and application requirements.
Becau high strength steel is characterized by special mechanical properties, consultation of producer and ur in grade lection is recommended to insure compatibility of the strength and forming requirements. Care must be taken in designing parts, tooling, and fabrication process to obtain the greatest benefit from the high strength sheet and strip steels. It is advisable that the purc
har furnish information to the producer relating the individual requirements of an identified part; this may be accomplished by visual examination of the part, by prints, through a description, or a combination of the. Also, it is highly desirable for the producer to obrve the fabricating practices, or at least be provided with a detailed description of the operations.
The steels discusd in this practice are characterized by their special mechanical properties achieved through chemical composition and special processing. They normally are not intended for any heat treatment by the purchar. Subjecting the steels to such heat treatments will modify the original mechanical properties. For certain applications the steels may be annealed, normalized, or stress relieved with some effect on the mechanical properties. It is recommended that prior to such heat treatments the producer and purchar consult to determine the need for a heat treatment and its effect on mechanical properties.
All grades and chemical compositions in this practice are weldable despite the differences in carbon, mangane, and alloying additions. However, as variations in composition from one producer to another do exist, it is advisable to discuss with the producers the features of their chemical composition relative to specific types of welding and any special considerations for each application.
The steels, becau of their strength-to-weight ratio, may be adapted for u in mobile equipment and other structures where substantial weight savings are generally desirable.
4.General Information—The specific grades are identified by a six character code that describes the strength
level, general chemical composition, general carbon level, and deoxidation/sulfide inclusion control system, as follows:
4.1First, Second and Third Characters—Minimum yield strength expresd in kips per square inch (ksi): 35, 40,包饺子的英语
45, 50, 60, 70, and 80, expresd as 035, 040, 045, 050, 060, 070, and 080 respectively, or as megapascals (MPa): 240, 280, 310, 340, 410, 480, and 550.
4.2Fourth Character—General chemical composition:
A—C and Mn only
B—C, Mn, N
C—C, Mn, P
S—C, Mn, (N and/or P added at producer option)
W—Weathering composition (Si, P, Cu, Ni, and Cr in various combinations)
X—High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA), that is, Cb, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Si, Ti, V, Zr either singly or in combination, with a 10 ksi (70 MPa) spread between the specified minima of the yield and tensile strengths. N and
P may be ud in combination with any of the aforementioned elements.
Y—Same as X with a 15 ksi (100 MPa) spread between the specified minima of the yield and tensile strengths.
Z—Same as X with a 20 ksi (140 MPa) spread between the specified minima of the yield and tensile strengths.
4.3Fifth Character—General carbon level:
环境投资
H—Maximum carbon as shown in T able 3 and Table 4
L—0.13% carbon max except as indicated in Table 4
4.4Sixth Character—Deoxidation/sulfide inclusion control practices:
K—Killed, made to a fine grain practice
F—Sulfide inclusion controlled, killed, made to a fine grain practice
腊八蒜怎么腌制O—Other than K and F
4.5 A material grade corresponding to every combination of numbers and letters is not available. Therefore, it is
林黛玉台词recommended that the purchar consult with the producers to determine that the desired grade is available before releasing engineering approved prints and specifications, and before purcha orders are placed.
The steels are generally produced as mi-killed or killed steel, although rimmed and capped practices may be ud in certain situations. When lecting a deoxidation practice, the following items should be considered.
Rimmed and capped steels are less homogeneous than killed steels, Therefore, the producer must plan his processing to compensate for variations in chemical composition and maintain mechanical strength properties specified. With the greater range in chemical composition of rimmed and capped steels, variations in fabrication, such as maintaining part dimensions, springback, and breakage, on complex parts can result. If the material variations are not compatible with specific part designs and tooling, a deoxidation practice resulting in a more homogeneous steel should be considered.
5.Mechanical Properties—The mechanical properties of the high strength sheet and strip steels are shown
in T able 1 (hot rolled) and Table 2 (cold rolled and coated). Current steel industry practice is to determine the yield point of the materials by the drop of the beam, halt of pointer, dividers, 0.2% offt, or 0.5% extension under load method. In cas involving dispute between two or more parties, the yield strength shall be determined by the 0.2% offt method as described in ASTM A370, Paragraph 13.2.1, which describes yield strength.
TABLE 1—MECHANICAL PROPERTIES—HOT ROLLED
Grade Yield Strength,
ksi (MPa)min.Tensile Strength,
ksi (MPa)min.
% Elongation (1)(2 in or 50 mm)
min
1.Elongation values are dependent upon specimen geometry (cross-ctional area). Thicker and wider specimens normally result in higher percentages.
035 A, B, C, S 35 (240)(2)2.Minimum tensile strength normally does not apply.
21035 X, Y, Z 35 (240)(2)28040 A, B, C, S 40 (280)(2)20040 X, Y, Z 40 (280)(2)27045 A, B, C, S 45 (310)(2)
18045 W 45 (310)65 (450)25045 X 45 (310)55 (380)25045 Y 45 (310)60 (410)25045 Z 45 (310)65 (450)
25050 A, B, C, S 50 (340)(2)
16050 W 50 (340)70 (480)22050 X 50 (340)60 (410)22050 Y 50 (340)65 (450)22050 Z 50 (340)70 (480)22060 X 60 (410)70 (480)20060 Y 60 (410)75 (520)20070 X 70 (480)80 (550)17070 Y 70 (480)85 (590)17080 X 80 (550)90 (620)14080 Y
80 (550)
95 (650)
14
Becau of the different rates of heat transfer in the various parts of a coil of hot rolled sheet steel, and to a lesr degree, the variation in chemical composition, especially when deoxidation practices other than killed are employed, mechanical properties will vary in a coil or cut lengths which are sheared from a coil. Becau of the faster cooling rates that may occur on the outside and inside (eye) wraps of a coil, the leading and trailing ends of a coil tend to be harder and higher in yield and tensile strength than the material from the interior of the coil. Cooling is generally faster as the thickness decreas, thus the strength tends to increa as the thickness decreas. For a specified grade and thickness, both coils and cut lengths will be produced to the same mill practices. T esting within the body of the coil cannot be performed by the producer, thus producer te
sting is limited practically to coil ends and random pieces sheared from coils for cut length orders.Considering this practical limitation on testing, the producer has specific knowledge of material properties only at the test location. Therefore, the mechanical properties in the body of a coil may vary from tho at the ends.Bad on the data developed from above, each producer establishes testing procedures and frequency to ensure that the process designed to produce the specified mechanical properties are under control. The procedures also provide knowledge of the product properties and guidance in evaluating the product for the intended application. Since the local manufacturing conditions vary from one producer location to another, and the characteristics of the grades within the scope of this report vary, there is no one testing frequency plan. If the purchar requires any special testing program it should be discusd with the producer at the time of evaluating the steel grades for the intended application.
TABLE 2—MECHANICAL PROPERTIES—COLD ROLLED AND COATED
Grade Yield Strength,
ksi (MPa)min.Tensile Strength,
ksi (MPa)min.
% Elongation (1)(2 in or 50 mm)
min
1.Elongation values are dependent upon specimen geometry (cross-ctional area). Thicker and wider specimens normally result in higher percentages.
六年级下册必读书目
035 A, B, C, S 35 (240)(2)2.Minimum tensile strength normally does not apply.
22035 X, Y, Z 35 (240)(2)27040 A, B, C, S 40 (280)(2)20040 X, Y, Z 40 (280)(2)25045 A, B, C, S 45 (310)(2)
18045 W 45 (310)65 (450)22045 X 45 (310)55 (380)22045 Y 45 (310)60 (410)22045 Z 45 (310)65 (450)
22050 A, B, C, S 50 (340)(2)
16050 X 50 (340)60 (410)20050 Y 50 (340)65 (450)20050 Z
50 (340)
70 (480)护士个人年终总结
20
