Acing the TOEFL Writing
Contents
1. Overall Introduction (Lecture 1)
2. Independent Writing (Lecture 2-5)
3. General Writing Ability Improvement (Lecture 6-7)
4. Integrated Writing (Lecture 8)
Integrated Writing Task
Integrated Writing Task
1. Directions (1 min)
2. Reading (3 min)
3. Listening (2 min)
4. Writing (20 min)
The Independent Task
1. Directions
2. Writing (30 min)
What is Level 3, 4 and 5?
Brainstorming
TPO + Past Paper Recollection（机经）
Logical Structure
3 or 5 Paragraphs
Sentence Structure
Standard/Variety and Beauty
Cliché
Enlargement or Activation
Brainstorming----Real Topics
1. Integrated Task (150~225 words)
Opinion Not Needed
2. Independent Task (300 words)
Narration, Description, 围棋故事
Exposition & Argumentation:
Definition, Cau & Effect, Exemplification, Division & Classification, Comparison & Contrast
Introduction
1. Catch the readers’ attention
（引发读者兴趣并吸引读者）
2. Narrow the focus of the topic; identify the scope, or limits, of the essay
（缩小并圈定文章主题）
3. Prent the writer’s Thesis Statement; that is, the writer’s asrtion on the topic
（主题陈述，即作者论断）
Set the overall tone of the essay
（确定基调/语气）
Introduction
Sentence 1: Lead-in (Motivator)
（楔子/引题/导入/切入）
等比中项公式Sentence 2: Thesis Statement (Rephra the topic)
（主题陈述：改写题目）
Sentence 3: Map (Blueprint: Optional)
（行文蓝图）
Body (Development)
1. To prent the facts and evidence to support the writer’s position and to illustrate key point(s)
（陈述证据并阐明要点）
2. To thoroughly analyze the topic and the writer’s position（充分分析主题和立场）
3. To hold the reader’s attention（继续持有读者关注）
4. To accomplish the document’s purpo
（完成行文目的）
Body (Development)
Sentence 1:
Topic Sentence （主题句：论点）
Sentence 2~5/6:
Supporting Sentences （支撑句：论据）
(Extension, Explanation and Justification)
Conclusion
Emphasize the validity and importance of your thinking (Last chance to convince the readers)
（强调文章立场的重要性和有效性）
山药素汤
Give the readers a n of completion
（宣告文章结束）
The last part of your essay the raters read before putting a grade on your paper.
Conclusion
1. Summarize the essay’s key point(s)
（总结全文要点）
2. Restate the author’s position/opinion (Thesis Statement)
（重述文章立场）
3. Clo; bring an end to the essay
（收尾）
Sentence----Variety & Standard
5 Basic Sentence Patterns
Transition & Extension
Coordination: FANBOYS
云南习俗 Subordination:
Noun Claus （名词性从句）
Adjective Claus （形容词从句）
Adverbial Claus （副词性从句）
Length, Emphasis:
S=subordinating part; M=Main part;
M+S, S+M, S+M+S, M+S+M
Sentence----Variety & Standard道光是哪一年
1.SHA Yunlong is an ET.
•SHA Yunlong, a humorous man, is an ET.
•SHA Yunlong, an ET, has the same
family name as Friar SHA (Sha Wujin).
2. 曾经沧海难为水，除却巫山不是云。
Having ever en a vast ocean, one may not content himlf with a pond of water. Similarly, He who has watched the clouds over Mountain Wu would probably call nothing
el a cloud.
Sentence----Variety & Standard
3. 工欲善其事，必先利其器。
A craftsman, if he means to do the work well, must first sharpen the tools.
蒲公英的诗句
4. 子在川上曰，逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。
一分米等于多少厘米Standing by the riverside, the Master sighed, “My time goes by like this, day and night, never ceasing.”
5. 肇事司机
Cliché----Activation
important—very important
vital, esntial, crucial, significant,
indispensable,
be of great/utmost importance
play a key role/part
most, highly, particularly, extremely
exceptionally, exceedingly,
absolutely, abnormally
2. I think
I believe, argue, insist, claim, maintain, hold, emphasize, guess
I am sure/certain/convinced/positive that ~
“有时候，有时候我会相信一切有尽头。”－－王菲《红豆》
迎接挑战 There are times when I cherish a belief that everything will come to an end.
3. Solve the problem
ttle,
deal with, cope with, dispo of
address
4. In short
accordingly, conquently,
in brief, all in all, in a word
