【2019 • 青海省中考】___________ uful advice you gave us!
A. What B. What a C. How
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】句意：你给了我们多么有用的建议啊！分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据uful advice 可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！，句中advice消息，不可数名词。故选A。
此题易误选B，很多学生容易把advice当成是可数名词，且uful是以辅音音音素开头的单词，所以第一空很容易误填What a，其实advice是不可数名词，前不用冠词，uful是形容词，故前用what修饰。
感叹句的基本用法
用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如下表：
类别 | 结构 | 例句 |
what引导 | What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）! | 电影蓝色档案What a kind girl ( she is )! （她是）一个多么善良的女孩啊！ |
What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）! | What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！ What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气！ |
how引导 | How + 主语 + 谓语! | How time flies! 时间飞逝！ |
How + 形容词/副词（+ 主语 + 谓语）! | How brave ( the hero is )!（这个英雄）真勇敢！ How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊! |
How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）! | How clever ( a boy he is )! （他是）一个多么聪明的男孩啊！ |
| | |
【典例】
年度总结开头【2019 • 内蒙古呼和浩特中考】Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. ___________ great courage he showed!
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
【答案】B
【解析】句意：关董救了一位老太太走出长江。他表现出多么杰出的勇气啊！从句意知，本题考查的是感叹句，由于courage是不可数名词，因此用感叹词 What，故选B。
【2019 •我要做好孩子 湖南省邵阳中考】—___________ different life is today!
—Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now.
A. What a B. How C. What
【答案】B
【解析】分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据different life is today可知句型结构为：How +形容词+主语+谓语动词！different形容词，不同的， life生活，主语华中科技大学招聘
故选B。
陈述句改感叹句
陈述句变为感叹句时，常使用＂一断二加三换位＂的方法：
1. ＂一断＂，即在谓语后边断开，使句子分为两部分。
She is ‖ a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。
He works ‖ hard. 他工作努力。
2. ＂二加＂，即如果第二部分为副词、形容词，就加上how；如果是一个名词(词组)，就加上what。
She is ‖ (what) a beautiful girl.
He works ‖ (how) hard.
3. ＂三换位＂，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹号。
What a beautiful girl she is!
How hard he works!
【典例】
She is a hard-working student. (改为感叹句)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】What a hard-working student she is! /How hard-working she is!
【解析】感叹句有 和 两种结构，在该题中，如果用What，感叹部分为What a hard-working student；而如果用How，感叹部分则为How hard-working。
感叹句记忆口诀 感叹句，并不难，what与how应在前。 形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。 名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。 主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见 |
|
It was becau I was caught in the traffic jam ___________ I came to school late this morning.
A. which B. when C. what D. that
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】本题考查强调句。这是一个强调句型……结构，强调原因状语，故选D。句意：今天早上我来学习迟到是因为我陷于交通阻塞。
此题考查强调句型，It is/was＋被强调部分＋，判断强调句型的一个原则是，把It is/was和去掉，句子仍然是一个完整的句子，此句把It was和空处之后，剩下的为becau I was caught in the traffic jam I came to school late this morning，仍然是一个完整的句子，故判断此题考查强调句型，故选D。
豆芽菜图片 强调句型是一种特殊句式，用于表达说话任强烈的感情或意愿。强调就是使句中某一部分所包含的信息，通过某种手段比一般情况下显得更加重要。
1. 强调句的基本结构及用法
(1)基本句型： It is/was＋被强调部分＋
It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be ttled.只有通过倾听和相互理解， 孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。 (强调方式状语)
(2)一般疑问句形式： Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？
Was it becau he behaved badly that he was punished by this teacher?设备配件
是因为他表现太差而受到老师的惩罚吗？
(3)特殊疑问句形式： 特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他？ ,特殊疑问词就是被强调部分。
When was it that he made up his mind to take this cour? 他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？
【易错警示】
当疑问句式的强调句出现在名词性从句中时，疑问句语序要变成陈述句语序。
He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. 他问我是谁错拿了他的雨伞。
I just wonder why it is that Mr. Black ldom mentions his childhood?
(4)强调句的反义疑问句
强调句的反义疑问句由that/who前的主句确定用isn’t it 或wasn’t it.
It is Mr. Smith who will come to give us a lecture tomorrow, isn’t it?
It was in the dining room that you lost your wallet , wasn’葡萄栽培t it?
(4)含有 的强调句型： It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋
It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的计划。
2. 强调句中it的应用
It在强调句中无实际意义，也不可以用that 或this替代。
3. 强调句中be动词的应用
若原句是现在时或将来时，be动词用is ;若原句为过去时，则be动词用was.另外，可视情况在be动词前加情态动词may, might, could , must等，表明说话人的语气。强调句的否定式在be动词后加not。
It is his determination rather than cleverness that has made him more and more successful.
It was in the village school that I finished my primary school.
It might be in the office that you left your keys.
It was not everyone that can do such a thing.
4. 强调句中that/who的应用
若强调句的被强调部分是人，用that或who均可；若被强调部分指物或其他情况，则一律用that.如：
It was Tony who/that happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore.
It was in the bookstore that Tony happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore
拍摄手法
