英国文学选读
Old and Middle English Periods 450-1485
Anglo –Saxon Epic Poem Beowulf （贝奥武夫）被认为是英国的民族史诗。
Unit 1 （Middle English period）
Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里 乔叟(1343-1400) —“ Father of modern English poetry”
Major works: The Book of the Duchess《社会实践内容100字公爵夫人之书》
The Parliament of Fowls《百鸟议会) 》
The Hou of Fame 《声誉之堂 》
Troilus and Criyde 《特罗斯特与克丽西德》
代表作：The Canterbury Tales 《卡特伯雷故事》
A collection of stories in a frame story, written between 1387 and 1400. It is the story of a group of thirty people who travel as pilgrims朝圣者 to Canterbury. The pilgrims, who come from all layers of society, tell stories to each other to kill time while they travel to Canterbury. If we trust the General Prologue, Chaucer intended that each pilgrim should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two tales on the way back. He never finished his enormous project and even the completed tales were not finally revid
Unit 2(English Renaissance) 1485-1616
威廉 莎士比亚 (William Shakespeare)——dramatist, poet
Four tragedies:
Hamlet《哈姆雷特》(hesitation)
Othello《奥赛罗》 (jealous)
King Lear《李尔王》
Macbeth《麦克白》（ambition）
Four comedies:
A Mid Summer Night Dream《仲夏夜之梦》
As you like it 《皆大欢喜》
Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》)
The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》
Others:
Romeo and Juliet《罗密欧与朱丽叶》
Sonnet18《十四行诗之18》 押韵方式：ABAB,CDCD,EFEF,GG
The University wits: 大学才子
a notable group of pioneer English dramatists who wrote during the last 15 years of the 16th century (the Elizabethan era) and who transformed popular drama with their plays of quality and diversity
7 talented dramatists:
Robert Greene John Lyly Thomas Nashe
Thomas Lodge Thomas Kyd George Peele
Francis Bacon 弗兰西斯 培根（1561-1626）
1、A great thinker: (New Instrument《新工具》)the necessity of abandoning a priori speculation in favor of obrvation and induction.
2、The first important English essayist Essays《论说文集》
3、The founder of experimental philosophy, the father of modern positivistic philosophy
“现代科学的奠基人，英国唯物主义及现代实验科学之父”古诗望庐山瀑布
Works : Of Marriage and Single Life《论婚姻和单身》
Of Studies《论读书》
New Atlantis《新大西岛》
Unit 4 The Seventeenth Century 1616-1688
挂面一般煮几分钟、John Milton（1608—1674）约翰 弥尔顿
Epic poems:
Paradi Lost（1667）《失乐园凌晨零点》
Paradi Regained ( 1671)《复乐园》
Samson Agonistes (1671)《力士参孙》（长诗）
Works:
Lycidas (1637)《利西达斯》
Areopagitica(1644)《论出版自由》
、John Donne 约翰 吴刚最新电视剧邓恩（1572-1631）玄学派诗人（metaphysical poets）
Works : The Flea《跳蚤》
Holy Sonnet 10《圣十四行诗之10》
Conceit(奇喻): An elaborate and surprising figure of speech, comparing two very dissimilar things.
Unit 5 The Eighteenth Century 1688-1780
The Age of Classicism
1.Alexander Pope (英雄双行诗-heroic couplet)
Works: Essay on Criticism
It express his Neo-classic in poetry.
、Jonathan Swift 乔纳森 斯威夫特（the ri of novel）
Satirical pro(讽刺性散文): “A Tale of Tub” 《一只桶的故事》
“A Modest Proposal” 《一个温和的建议》 :His pity for the oppresd受压迫的, ignorant, populous人口稠密的, and hungry Catholic天主教徒 peasants of Ireland; his anger at the rapacious English landlords
2. Masterpiece: Gulliver’s Travels《 格利佛游记》 吊顶造型Lilliput《小人国》 Brobdingnag《大人国》 Laputa《拉普他岛》 Houyhnhnms 《慧骃国》
、Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔 笛福 英国小说家
Works：Robison Crusoe 《鲁滨逊漂流记》
Robinson Crusoe: a hero，an invader, a colonist. The hero is typical of the rising English bourgeois class, practical and diligent. Defoe beautifies colonialism and Negro slavery.
Main idea: A typical 18th-century English middle-class（中产阶级） man, with great capacity for work, inexhaustible energy, courage, patience and persistence in overcoming obstacles, in struggling against hostile natural environment. He is the very prototype(模范) of the pioneer empire builder（扩张主义者先锋）. In describing Crusoe, Defoe glorifies human labor and Puritan fortitude, which save Crusoe from despair and are a source of pride and happiness.
Moll Flanders《摩尔 弗兰德斯》: It is written in an autobiographical form called memoir. Defoe introduces, for the first time, a lowly woman as the subject of literature
金领欢乐世界、Samuel Richardson 理查森（1689-1761)
1. Pamela《帕姆拉》 :first example of the epistolary novel(书信体小说) ,first mature novel to be written in English
2、Epistolary novel: a novel of letters; written to teach lesson; the first accepted in eight century in Britain by Samuel Richardson.
In a ries of Familiar Letters from a Beautiful Yong Daml to Her Parents (1740)
The first English tragic novel ：Clarissa or the History of a Young Lady (1747-48)
Pre-Romantic poetry
、Robert Burns (1759—1796) 罗伯特.500字说明文彭斯
A Red ,Red ,Ro《一朵红红的玫瑰》
Auld Lang Syne《昔日时光》
、William Blake (1757-1827) 威廉.布莱克：poet; engraver雕刻师; a precursor（先驱）of the Romantic movement. Mystic and highly symbolic.
