Candidate name__________________________________________________________________ INTERNATIONAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE TESTING SYSTEM 0381/1
Academic Reading
PRACTICE MATERIALS 1hour
Additional materials:
Answer sheet for Listening and Reading
Time 1hour
我家有INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Do not open this question paper until you are told to do so.
Write your name and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Read the instructions for each part of the paper carefully.
饱览Answer all the questions.
Write your answers on the answer sheet. U a pencil.
You must complete the answer sheet within the time limit.
At the end of the test, hand in this question paper and your answer sheet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
描写心情的词
There are 40 questions on this question paper.
Each question carries one mark.
READING PASSAGE 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are bad on Reading Passage 1 on pages 3 and 4.
Questions 1-6
Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.
Choo the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
1Paragraph A
2Paragraph B
3Paragraph C
4Paragraph D
5Paragraph E
6Paragraph F
Seaweeds of New Zealand
A Se aweed is a particularly wholesome food, which absorbs and concentrates traces of a wide variety of minerals necessary to the body’s health. Many elements may occur in aweed-aluminum, barium, calcium, chlorine, copper, iodine and iron, to name but a few-traces normally produced by erosion and carried to the aweed beds by river and a currents. Seaweeds are also rich in vitamins; indeed, Inuits obtain a high proportion of their bodily requirements of vitamin C from the aweeds they eat. The health benefits of aweed have long been recognized. For instance, there is a remarkably low incidence of goiter among the Japane, and also among New Zealand’s indigenous Maori people, who have always eaten aweeds, and this may well be attributed to the high iodine content of this food. Rearch into historical Maori eating customs shows that jellies were made using aweeds, nuts, fuchsia and tutu berries, cape gooberries, and many other fruits both native to New Zealand and sown there from eds brought by ttlers and explores. As with any plant life, some aweeds are more palatable than others, but in a survival situation, most aweeds could be chewed to provide a certain sustenance.
B New Zealand lays claim to approximately 700 species of aweed, some of which have no reprentation outside that country. Of veral species grown worldwide, New Zealand also has a particularly large share. For example, it is estimated that New Zealand has some 30 species of Gigartina, a clo relative of carrageen of Irish moss. The are often referred to as the New Zealand carrageens. The substance called agar which can be extracted from the species gives them great commercial application in the production of ameal, from which ameal custard (a food product) is made, and in the canning, paint and leather industries. Agar is also ud in the manufacture of cough mixtures, cosmetics, confectionery and toothpastes. In fact, during World War II, New Zealand Gigartina were nt to Australia to be ud in toothpaste.
C New Zealand has many of the commercially profitable red aweeds, veral species of which are a source of agar ( Pterocladia, Gelidium, Chondrus, Gigartina). Despite this, the aweeds were not much utilized until veral decades ago. Although distribution of the Gigartina is confined to certain areas according to species. And even then, the east coast, and the area around Hokianga, have a considerable supply of the two species of Pterocladia from which agar is also made. New Zealand ud to import the Northern Hemisphere Irish moss ( Chondrus crispus) from England and ready-made agar from Japan.
D Seaweeds are divided into three class determined by colour-red, brown and green-and each tends to live in a specific position. However, expect for the unmistakable a lettuce (Ulva), few are totally one colour; and especially when dry, some species can change color significantly-a brown one may turn quite black, or a red one appear black, brown, pink or purple. Identification is nevertheless facilitated by the fact that the factors which determine where a aweed will grow are quite preci, and they tend therefore to occur in very well-defined zones. Although there are exceptions, the green aweeds are mainly shallow-water algae; the browns belong to the medium depths; and the reds are plants of the
deeper water, furthest from the shore. Tho shallow-water species able to resist long periods of exposure to sun and air are usually found on the upper shore, while tho less able to withstand such exposure occur nearer to, of below, the low-water mark. Radiation from the sun, the temperature level, and the length of time immerd also play a part in the zoning of aweeds. Flat rock surfaces near mid-level tides are the most usual habitat of a-bombs, Venus’ necklace, and most brown aweeds. This is also reddis h-purple lettuce. Deep-water rocks on open coasts, expod only at very low tide, are usually the site of bull-kelp, strapweeds and similar tough specimens. Kelp, or bladder kelp,
has stems that ri to the surface from massive bas or holdfasts, the leafy branches and long ribbons of leaves surging with the swells beyond the line of shallow coastal breakers or covering vast areas of calmer coastal water.
E Propagation of aweeds occurs by ed-like spores, or by fertilization of egg cells. None have roots in the usual n; few have leaves; and none have flowers, fruits or eds. The plants absorb their nourishment through their leafy fronds when they are surrounded by water; the holdfast of aweeds is purely an attaching organ not an absorbing one.
F Some of the large aweeds stay on the surface of the water by means of air-filled floats; others, such as bull-kelp, have large cells filled with air, often reduce dehydration either by having swollen stems that contain water, or they may (like Venus’ necklace) have swollen nodules, or they may have a distinctive shape like a a-bomb. Others, like the a cactus, are filled with a slimy fluid or have a coating of mucilage on the surface. In some of the larger kelps, this coating is not only to keep the plant moist, but also to protect it from the violent action of waves.现代国际
5
Questions 7-10
Complete the flow-chart below.
Choo NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes7-10 on your answer sheet.
Gigartina aweed
(other name：7 )
↓
Produces
↓绿萝用什么土
8
Is ud to make is ud to make
9 --medicines, such
As 10
Is ud to make ---cosmetics
A type of custard ----sweets
-----toothpastes
Questions 11-13
Classify the following characteristics as belong to
黄海战役A brown aweed
B green aweed神秘岛读后感
C red aweed
学生开学时间
Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.
11 can survive the heat and dryness at the high-water mark
12 grow far out in the open a
13 share their site with karengo aweed
