全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语语言学基础与英语写作
考试大纲
《英语语言学基础与英语写作》考试大纲
I 考查目标
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试自命题科目《英语语言学基础与英语写作》考试是为我校招收教育专业硕士学科教学（英语）方向研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的考试科目。其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生是否具备攻读该专业方向所必须的基本素质、一般能力和培养潜能，以利用选拔具有发展潜力的优秀人才入学，为国家的经济建设培养具有良好职业道德、法制观念和国际视野、具有较强分析与解决实际问题能力的高层次、应用型、复合型的外语教育春节手抄报简单人才。考试测试考生掌握主要语言学派的基础知识、语言学（包括各语言学分支）的基础知识、语言学理论的基本应用能力，考察学生掌握词汇的基本概念、构词法、词汇使用等，考察考生的英语写作能力，考查考生能运用这些概念与理论分析解决教学中与语言学有
关问题的能力。
具体要求考生：
应该理解并掌握语言学、词汇学、写作的基本属性及规律，掌握语言学定义、特征；语音学定义、特征、分类；音素、音位和音位变体及音位学规则；形态学、句法学、语义学、语用学的定义、分类、变化规则；语言的变化、语言与文化规则；二语习得及语言与大脑的基本概念和基本应用。
掌握词汇学定义、历史、形式、意义关系、词典应用、语篇词汇的理念和发展。
考察英语写作能力。
II 考试形式和试卷结构
一、试卷满分及考试时间
试卷满分为150分，考试时间180分钟。
二、答题方式
闭卷、笔试，用英文解答各类试题，不容许使用各类词典。
三、试卷内容与题型结构
正误判断（5个，每题2分，共10分）
选择题(5个，每题2分，共10分)
名词解释（6小题，每题5分，共30分）
简答题(6小题，每题10分， 共60分)
英文写作 （1题，共40分)
快乐阅读手抄报内容假如每题分数有变化，变化范围亦不大。
III 考查内容
1. 语言和语言学：语言和语言学的定义、范畴、识别特征、重要区分等。
2. 语音学：语音的定义、发音器官、正字法表征和分类。
3. 音位学：音素、音位和音位变体；音位的对立、互补分布和最小对立体；音位学规则、识别特征和超音段特征。春夜喜雨的意思
4. 词汇学：词的概念、性质、意义和形态；词汇的单位、分类、发展和应用。
5. 语法：句法的定义和范畴；短语成分和结构规则；语法的性质、意义、范畴、形式手段；句子、句子结构和句子转换；名词和名词词组；动词和动词词组；动词的时和体及非谓语形式；形容词和副词及词组；介词和介词词组；陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、存在句、条件句，并列结构和从属结构；引语、修饰、替代、后置、前置、倒装等基础概念。
6. 语义学：语义及其分类；意义研究的基本观点；词汇意义、句子意义关系、意义分析。
成长句子
7. 语用学：基本概念、言语行为理论、会话规则。
8 .语言变化和社会：语音、形态、句法、词汇变化、变化原因及趋势；社会语言学范畴和概念；语言变体、标准方言、克里奥耳语和洋泾浜语；涮股现象和双语。
9. 语言和文化：文化的定义及与语言的关系；萨丕尔-沃尔夫假说；文化差异的语言证据；文化对教学的意义；文化传播和重叠；跨文化交际。
10 语言习得：儿童语言习得理论、 语言发展的认知因素； 语言环境和关键期假说；儿童语言发展阶段；非典型发展。
11. 第二语言习得：一语和二语习得关联及影响；对比分析、错误分析、中介语；二语学习模式及输入假说；个体差异；二语习得及其对教学影响。
12. 语言与大脑：神经语言学定义、范畴、模式及研究方法、心理语言学定义、范畴、模式及研究方法。
13.英语写作综合能力。不少于400字
IV. 题型示例及参考答案
I.Tell the following statements True (T) or Fal (F) (10’).
1. At first children do not inflect nouns or verbs.
2. Children learn their native language well whenever they start and whatever kinds of language samples they receive.
3. For a child to acquire his mother tongue the most basic requirement is that he hears people speaking this language. He will then begin to learn the language.
4. Phonology and grammar are finite, tightly structured systems, the child must master them before puberty in order to be a native speaker of the language.
5. It is easy for parents to teach their children grammar.
II.Choo the appropriate answer from the given ones (10’)
1. Which of the following is an example of clipping?
A. APEC B. Motel C. Disco D. Xerox
2. The type of language which is lected as appropriate to a particular type of situation is called .
A. variety B. dialect C. slang D. register
3. Which of the following italicized parts is an inflectional morpheme?
A. Unlock B. Government C. Go太阳和月亮一起出现es D. Off-stage
4. _____is a language phenomenon in which words sound like what they refer to.
A. Reference B. Onomatopoeia C. Denotation D. Assimilation
5. The ntence “Clo your book and listen to me carefully!” performs a(n)______function.
A interrogative B informative C performative D directive
III.Interpret the following terms (30’)
1. Phonic medium of language (5%)
2. Syntax (5%)
茉莉红茶3. Lexeme (5%)
4. Critical Period Hypothesis (5%)
5. Hyponymy . (5%)
6. Pragmatics. (5%)
IV.Answer questions. (60浸润’)
1. Among the language acquisition theories, such as behaviorism, innatism, interactionism, and cognitive theory, which one do you think is more reasonable and convincing? Explain why?
2. What kind of language learner you are? Have you ever thought of how you learn English?
3. Do you u Chine in English learning and how? Try to obrve yourlf and pay attention to this, what conclusions can you reach about the role of Chine in your Englis
h声明书格式范文 learning?
4. List the learning strategies you u frequently.
5. What’s your understanding of the major branches of Linguistics? How do you interpret the following definition of linguistics: Linguistics is the scientific study of language?
6. What’s your understanding of synchronic or diachronic? For what reasons does modern linguistics give priority to speech rather than to writing?
V.Writing in English (40’)
Nowadays in China，undergraduates are given the legal permission to get married. How do you look at this regulation? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view.
参考答案:
I. 1-5 True, Fal , True, True, Fal
II 1-5 BDCAA
III. 1.The limited range of sounds that are ud in human communication, i.e. the speech sounds.
2.Syntax is a branch of linguistics that studies words are combined to form ntences and the rules that govern the formation of ntences.
