辋川集PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF LOW
BACK PAIN AMONG NURSES IN SUDAYR
REGION
Salameh Al Dajah, Head
Abdalhamed Al Daghdi, Lecturer
Department of Physical Therapy & Health Rehabilitation,
College of Applied Medical Sciences,
Majmaah University, AL-Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Abstract
Objective: To study the prevalence and risks of work-related low back pain (LBP) among nurs in Suydar region, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and its effect on their regular activities.
Subjects and Methods: A lf-administered questionnaire (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) was distributed to 300 nurs at Suydar region. The questionnaire included demographic data, history and
characteristics of LBP before and after working as a nur, the effect of LBP on regular activities and current LBP. A visual analogue pain scale was ud to score the intensity of the pain. Results: Two hundred forty eight (82.66%) of the 300 registered nurs completed the questionnaire; mean age and standard deviation of the respondents were 26.9, 8.45 years. The prevalence of work-related LBP was 53.2%. Moderate pain intensity and were 31.8%. There were positive correlation between pain duration and place of work. The average duration of pain was a week or more (45.6%). Limitation of activities of (n=113) 55.1%. Sick leaves (n=135) 53.9%. Visual analogue scale for measuring the intensity of pain was 38.4% (n=96) of nursing staff scored 5 or more on the scale with average 4.16 of total.
Conclusion: Work related prevalence rates of LBP among nurs at Suydar regions is high and affect their daily activities, necessitating changes in work ttings and obrving there body ergometer with recommendation of back school education.
Keywords: Prevalence, back pain, nurs, Sudayr
Introduction
LOW back pain (LBP) is an important public health problem in all industrialized nations. It is associat
ed with major cost, in terms of health resource usage and worker disability and abntee-ism (Frank JW, 1996). Most epidemiological data concerning (LBP) are related to developed and industrialized countries and there is little information about LBP in the general or working population in developing countries. This lack of rearch leaves a profound gap in what is known about LBP in a large part of the world, where the bulk of the world's working population resides (Jekel J,. 1996)
Low back pain remains a common and costly problem among the nursing profession. Many studies report higher prevalence of back pain and occupational back injuries for nurs compared with other occupational groups (Lagerström M, 1998 & Maul H 2003). Swedish statistics show a six fold excess risk of over-exertion back injuries among assistant nurs com-pared with other employed women in Belgium (Szpalski M, 1995). The injuries can lead to sick-leaves and persistent medical problems or job changes (Hignett. S, 1996). Most injuries occur during patient transfer. Work-related injuries among nursing personnel are costly problems in terms of both workers' pain and suffering as well as medical expens and loss of working days for organizations (Maul H, 2003). Nursing personnel experience a higher rate of workplace hazards exposure than other health care workers becau nurs perform more bedside procedures than other health workers (Maul H, 2003). Occupational hazards include; physical, mechanical, biological and psychological hazards. Biological hazards are
mainly infectious hazards such as bacteria, virus, fungi and parasites which cau dias such as HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis and other blood borne infections (Ofili AN, Sogbesan S., 2002)). Physical hazards commonly found in health facilities include radiation, exposure to slippery floors, exposure to body fluids and assault by confud patients. Mechanical hazard include back pain / injury becau of manual lifting of patients in particular. This is the main and a common hazard in Hospitals and Health Centers whereby lifting, turning, moving and adjusting beds by hand are routine activity of daily work. The aim of this study was to asss the prevalence, characteristics, point prevalence and associated risk factors for Low Back Pain among nurs in four major hospitals at Suydar region, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Subjects and Methods
The current study is a cross ctional study, a lf-administered questionnaire was ud for data collection. The questionnaire was piloted initially among 10 registered nurs and no major modifications were
needed. Data were be collected from nurs in their place of work after an approval from the general Manger of each hospital The questionnaire consists of three ctions : the first ction is de
mographic data, age, height , weight, gender, marital status, number of family, smoking, prence of hypertension, diabetes. The cond ction will is history of LBP, e.g. ont of pain or injury, duration of LBP, episodes, Finally the third ction is work tting and effect of LBP on daily activities, limitations due to LBP, as well as the prence of current LBP and rating the intensity LBP on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 ( maximum pain) that reprented a numerical system of 10 cm on a visual analogue scale. The questionnaire was distributed to 250 nurs in different departments in four major hospitals at Suydar region, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Personal and professional characteristics were ud to compare the experience of work-related and non-work-related LBP according to gender.
Data Analysis
鼻梁横纹Data were procesd using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software. Differences were considered significant p value was < 0.05. The Pearson chi-square test was ud to asss the extent of association between two categorical variables. In ca of skewed non-normal variables like rating score, the median, 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were ud as measures of location and variation. The Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test was ud to asss the significance of the difference between two quantitative variables.
Results
A total number of 300 questionnaires were distributed to nurs working in 3 different hospitals in Sudayr region, overall respon rate of (n=248) 82.6% were responded Table (1); Average age of study group was 27.9 High percentage of them (n=160) 64 % were at the age group of 20 to 29 years old. Most of respondent were females (n=243) 98%. About 62.9% of nursing staff had work experience 1 - 5 years (n=156). The highest percentage of them were General practice / Home care department (n=220) 88.7%. Of study group 61,3% had low back pain with verity between mild to moderate pain with (n=152). The average duration of pain was one week or more. The highest limited activities was Pulling, pushing and patient handling in (n=113) 45.5%. The cost of low back pain in nursing staff was sick leave (n=135) 53.9%. visual analogue scale measuring the intensity of pain confirmed that , 38.4% (n=96) of nursing staff scored 5 on the scale, and 57.6% had pain scale 5 or more.
Table 1: Demographic data and prevalence
怎么注册支付宝Frequency (n) Percent%上海明珠电视塔
Age 20-29 Year 159 64.0
30-39 Year 25 10.0
40-49 Year 64 26.0
Total 248 100.0 Gender MALE 5 2.0
FEMALE 243 98.0 Specialty Cardiology /
Geriatrics
18 7.3
orthopedic 10 4.0
春天的英文General practice /
Home care
220 88.7
Total_Work_Peri
od
<1 Year 4 1.62 1-5 years 156 62.94 6-10 years 21 8.46 11-15 years 63 25.41 >15 years 4 1.62
LBP_Severity None 98 39.5
Mild 88 35.4
Moderate 64 25.8
若离若即
Average_Duration
_of_Pain < 1 week 97 38.8 1 week 114 45.6 2-4 weeks 9 3.6 > 4 weeks 30 12.0
Activity_limitatio
ns
None 67 27.0 Lifting carrying 8 3.2 Pulling, pushing,
patient handling
113 45.5
Prolonged sitting 23 9.3 Prolonged
standing
37 14.9
Cost_of_LBP No 15 6.0
Sick leave 135 54.4
Reduced
nonwork
activities
9 3.6
Reduced number
of working hours
14 5.6
Change of work描写友谊的成语
tting
39 15.7
Others specify 36 14.5
Pain_Score 0 8 3.3
1 17 7.2
2 41 16.8
3 12 4.8
4 27 10.8
5 9
6 38.4
6
27 10.8 7 10 4.0 10
捕蛇者说翻译10 4.0
Fig 1: Shows the prevalence and verity of LBP
Fig 2: Shows the Risks Factors of LBP Among nurs in Sudayer Area
Table 2: Correlation between, age, workload, LBP verity & activity limitation
LBP_Severia ty Average_ Duration_of_Pai n
Activity_ limitations Cost_of_LB P
Pain_Score
Age_Group .073 .397** .310 .310 .261** Total_Work_Period .337** .388 -.137 -.137 -.179
LBP_Severiaty 1 .339* .332** .332**
.400 Average_Duration_of_ Pain
.339** 1* .532 .532 .576*
Activity_limitations .363** .461 .589** .589** .594* Cost_of_LBP .532** .589** .483** .483** .567
Pain_Score .576** .594* 1** 1**
.526**
