名词解释
1.语言language胖的英语怎么说,Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols ud for human communication. 2.reference,
2.语用学pragmatics, the study of meaning in context of words
3.语际语interlanguage,The approximate language system that a cond language learner constructs which reprents his or her transitional competence in the target language.
4.发音语音学articulatory, describes the way our speech organs work to produce the speech sounds and how they differ.
5.语音学 phonetics,it’s defined as the study of the phonic medium of language, it’s concerned with all the sounds that occur in the world’s languages.
6.句法学syntax, it's a subfield of linguistics that studies the ntence structure of a language.
7.反义词antonymy, It’s the term ud for oppositeness of meaning on different dimension.
8.词素morpheme, The basic unit in the study of morphology and the smallest meaningful unit of language.
9.语义学mantics, It’s simply defined as the study of meaning in abstraction.
10.上坐标词superordinate,
11.意义n, It’s concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form. It’s the collection of all the features of the linguistic form, it’s abstract and de-contextualized.
12.语境context, The notion of context is esntial to the pragmatic study of language, it’s generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer.
13.言内行为locutionary act,A locutionary act is the act of uttering words, phras ,claus
es. it’s the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology.
14.有序规则quential rules ,Rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language.
画字谜15. 语言习得language acquisition,Language acquisition refers to the development of the Child’s acquisition of his mother tongue or first language, i.e, how he comes to understand and to speak the language of his community.
16.音系学phonology, the study of sounds systems—the inventory of distinctive sounds that occur in a language and the patterns into which they fall.
17. 最小对立对minimal pairs,When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound gment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two words are said to form a minimal pair.
18. 数英语倒运语言langue, The abstract linguistic system shared by all members of a speech community.
19.音位phoneme, The basic unit in phonology, it’s a collection of distinctive phonetic features.
四年级上册数学竖式计算题20.多义词polymy,校园科技节 It refers to different words may have the same or similar meaning, the same one word may have more than one meaning.
21.语言学linguistics,Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
22. 语言能力competence,Competence is the ideal ur’s knowledge of the rules of his language.
23.语言僵化fossilization,A process that sometimes occurs in cond language learning in which incorrect linguistic features (such as the accent of a grammatical pattern) become a permanent part of the way a person speaks or writes in the target language.
怎样腌制泡菜24.所指意义reference, It means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world, it deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
25.phra,syntactic units that are built around a certain word category are called phra
简答题
1.Is modern linguistics mainly synchronic or diachronic? Why?
Modern linguistics is mainly synchronic, focusing on the prent-day language. unless the various states of a language are successfully studied, it will not be possible to describe language from a diachronic point of view.
现代语言学主要是共时性的，重点研究现代语言。除非对语言的各种状态都进行成功的研究，否则很难从历时性角度对语言进行描述。
2.What are the major branches of linguistics? What does each of them study?
Phonetics----it’s defined as the study of the phonic medium of language, it’s concerned with all the sounds that occur in the world’s languages.
Phonology---the study of sounds systems—the inventory of distinctive sounds that occur i品位
n a language and the patterns into which they fall.
Morphology---It’s a branch of a grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
Syntax-------it's a subfield of linguistics that studies the ntence structure of a language.
Semantics---It’s simply defined as the study of meaning in abstraction.
Pragmatics---the study of meaning in context of words.
Sociolinguistics—the study of language with reference to society.
