Designation:A536–84(Reapproved2004)
Standard Specification for
Ductile Iron Castings1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation A536;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the ca of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthes indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for u by agencies of the Department of Defen.
1.Scope
1.1This specification covers castings made of ductile iron, also known as spheroidal or nodular iron,that is described as cast iron with the graphite substantially spheroidal in shape and esntially free of other forms of graphite,as defined in Terminology A644.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3No preci quantitative relationship can be stated be-tween the properties of the iron in various locations of the same casting or between the properties of castings and tho of a test specimen cast from the same iron(e Appendix X1).
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:2
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A644Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
A732/A732M Specification for Castings,Investment, Carbon and Low Alloy Steel for General Application,and Cobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials 2.2Military Standard:3
MIL-STD-129Marking for Shipment and Storage
3.Ordering Information
3.1Orders for material to this specification shall include the following information:
3.1.1ASTM designation,
3.1.2Grade of ductile iron required(e Table1,and Sections4and9),
3.1.3Special properties,if required(e Section7),
3.1.4If a different number of samples are required(e Section10),
3.1.5Certification,if required(e Section14),and
3.1.6Special preparation for delivery,if required(e Sec-tion15).
4.Tensile Requirements
4.1The iron reprented by the test specimens shall con-form to the requirements as to tensile properties prented in Tables1and2.The irons listed in Table1cover tho in general u,while tho listed in Table2are ud for special applications(such as pipes,fittings,etc.).
4.2The yield strength shall be determined at0.2%offt by the offt method(e Test Methods E8).Other methods may be ud by mutual connt of the manufacturer and purchar.
5.Heat Treatment
5.1The60-40-18grade will normally require a full ferritiz-ing anneal.The120-90-02and the100-70-03grades generally require a quench and temper or a normalize and temper,or an isothermal heat treatment.The other two grades can be met either as-cast or by heat treatment.Ductile iron,which is heat treated by quenching to martensite and tempering,may have substantially lower fatigue strength than as-cast material of the same hardness.
6.Test Coupons
6.1The parately cast test coupons from which the tension test specimens are machined shall be c
ast to the size and shape shown in Fig.1or Fig.2.A modified keel block cast from the mold shown in Fig.3may be substituted for the1-in.Y-block or the1-in.keel block.The test coupons shall be cast in open molds made of suitable core sand having a minimum wall thickness of11⁄2in.(38mm)for the1⁄2-in.(12.5mm)and1-in. (25-mm)sizes and3in.(75mm)for the3-in.size.The coupons shall be left in the mold until they have cooled to a black color(approximately900°F(482°C)or less).The size of coupon cast to reprent the casting shall be at the option of the purchar.In ca no option is expresd,the manufacturer shall make the choice.
1This specification is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A04on
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02on Malleable and
Ductile Iron Castings.
Current edition approved Oct.1,2004.Published October2004.Originally
approved in1965.Last previous edition approved in1999as A536–84(1999)e1.
2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm,or
contact ASTM Customer Service at rvice@astm.For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk,DODSSP,Bldg.4,
Section D,700Robbins Ave.,Philadelphia,PA19111-5098
1
Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.
6.2When investment castings are made to this specification,the manufacturer may u test specimens cast to size incorpo-rated in the mold with the castings,or parately cast to size using the same type of mold and the same thermal conditions that are ud to produce the castings.The test specimens shall be made to the dimensions shown in Fig.1of Specifica-tion A 732/A 732M or Figs.5and 6of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
6.3The manufacturer may u parately cast test coupons or test specimens cut from castings whe
n castings made to this specification are nodularized or inoculated in the mold.Sepa-rately cast test coupons shall have a chemistry that is repre-ntative of castings produced from the ladle poured and a cooling rate equivalent to that obtained with the test molds shown in Figs.1and 2,Figs.4-6,or Appendix X2.The size (cooling rate)of the coupon chon to reprent the casting should be decided by the purchar.If test coupon size is not
specified,the manufacturer shall make the choice.When test bars will be cut from castings,test bar location shall be agreed on by the purchar and manufacturer and indicated on the casting drawing.The manufacturer shall maintain sufficient controls and control documentation to assure the purchar that properties determined from test coupons or test bars are reprentative of castings shipped.
6.4The test coupons shall be poured from the same ladle or heat as the castings they reprent.
6.5Test coupons shall be subjected to the same thermal treatment as the castings they reprent.
7.Special Requirements
7.1When specified in the contract or purcha order,castings shall meet special requirements as to h
ardness,chemi-cal composition,microstructure,pressure tightness,radio-graphic soundness,magnetic particle inspection dimensions,and surface finish.
8.Workmanship,Finish,and Appearance
8.1The castings shall be smooth,free of injurious defects,and shall conform substantially to the dimensions of the drawing or pattern supplied by the purchar.
8.2Castings shall not have chilled corners or center chill in areas to be machined.
TABLE 1Tensile Requirements
Grade 60-40-18
Grade 65-45-12Grade 80-55-06Grade 100-70-03Grade 120-90-02Tensile strength,min,psi 600006500080000100000120000Tensile strength,min,MPa 414448552689827Yield strength,min,psi 4000045000550007000090000Yield strength,min,MPa
276310379483621Elongation 50mm,min,%
18
12属土的字
6.0
3.0
2.0
TABLE 2Tensile Requirements for Special Applications
Grade 60-42-10
Grade 70-50-05Grade 80-60-03Tensile strength,min,psi Tensile strength,min,MPa 600004157000048580000555Yield strength,min,psi Yield strength,min,MPa
420002905000034560000415Elongation
50mm,min,%
10
5
3
Metric in.mm
1⁄2
1
12.725.411⁄221⁄2
38.163.5
N OTE —The length of the keel block shall be
6in.(152mm).
FIG.1Keel Block for Test Coupons
Dimen-sions
“Y”Block Size
For Castings of Thickness Less Than 1⁄2in.(13mm)For Castings of Thickness
1⁄2in.(13mm)to 11⁄2in.(38mm)For Castings of Thickness of 11⁄2in.(38mm)and Over in.
in.
mm A 1⁄2
13125375B 15⁄84021⁄8545125C 2503754100D 410061508200E
7
1757
1757
175approx
approx
approx
approx
approx
approx
FIG.2Y-Blocks for Test Coupons
FIG.3Mold for Modified Keel Block
FIG.4Sectioning Procedure for Y-Blocks
9.Chemical Requirements
9.1It is the intent of this specification to subordinate chemical composition to mechanical properties;however,any chemical requirements may be specified by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchar.
10.Number of Tests and Retests
10.1The number of reprentative coupons poured and tested shall be established by the manufacturer,unless other-wi agreed upon with the purchar.
10.2In the ca of the Y-block,the ction shall be cut from the block as shown in Fig.4.If any tension test specimen shows obvious defects,another may be cut from the same test block or from another test block reprenting the same metal.11.Tension Test Specimen
新生儿肚脐11.1The standard round tension test specimen with 50-mm gage length shown in Fig.5shall be ud,except when the ½-in.(12.7-mm)Y-block coupon is ud.In this ca,either of the test specimens shown in Fig.6shall be satisfac-tory.
小米6尺寸
12.Responsibility for Inspection
12.1Unless otherwi specified in the contract or purcha order,the supplier is responsible for the performance of all inspection requirements as specified herein.Except as other-wi specified in the contract or order,the supplier may u his own or any other facilities suitable for the performance of the inspection requirements specified herein,unless disapproved by the purchar.The purchar rerves the right to perform any of the inspections t forth in the specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to assure supplies and rvices conform to prescribed requirements.13.Identification Marking
13.1When size permits,each casting shall be identified by the part or pattern number in raid numerals.Location of marking shall be as shown on the applicable drawing.14.Certification
14.1When agreed upon in writing by the purchar and the ller,a certification shall be made the basis of acceptance of the material.This shall consist of a copy of the manufacturer’s test report or a statement by the ller,accompanied by a copy of the test results,that the material has been sampled,tested,and inspected in accordance with provisions of this specifica-tion.Each certification so furnished shall be signed by an authorized agent of the ller or manufacturer.15.Preparation for Delivery
15.1Unless otherwi specified in the contract or purcha order,cleaning,drying,prervation,and packaging of casting shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s commercial prac-tice.Packing and marking shall also be adequate to ensure acceptance and safe delivery by the carrier for the mode of transportation employed.
15.2Government Procurement —When specified in the con-tract or purcha order marking for shipment shall be in accordance with the requirements of MIL-STD-129.16.Keywords
菡五笔怎么打
抗台16.1casting;ductile iron;modular iron;spheroidal
graphite
Metric in.mm
0.0050.130.5012.70.10 2.5250.81⁄8 3.23⁄8
9.521⁄4
57.2
N OTE —The gage length and fillets shall be as shown but the ends may be of any shape to fit the holders of the testing machine in such a way that the load shall be axial.The reduced ction shall have a gradual taper from the ends toward the center,with the ends 0.003to 0.005in.(0.08to 0.13mm)larger in diameter than the center.
FIG.5Standard Round Tension Test Specimen
50-mm Gage
Length
Metric Equivalents
< in.mm 0.0050.13 1.025.40.0070.1811⁄431.80.252 6.40 1.435.60.3579.07
13⁄4
44.4
社会保障卡怎么用N OTE —If desired,the length of the reduced ction may be incread to accommodate an extensometer.
FIG.6Examples of Small-Size Specimens Proportional to
Standard 1⁄2-in.(12.7-mm)Round
Specimen
APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
胎元饮X1.MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CASTINGS
X1.1The mechanical properties of iron castings are influ-enced by the cooling rate during and after solidification,by chemical composition,by heat treatment,by the design and nature of the mold,by the location and effectiveness of gates and rirs,and by certain other factors.
伦琴X1.2The cooling rate in the mold and,therefore,the properties developed in any particular ction are influenced by the prence of cores,chills and chaplets,changes in ction thickness,and the existence of boss,projections,and inter-ctions,such as junctions of ribs and boss.Becau of the interactions of the factors,no preci quantitative relation-ship can be stated between the properties of the iron in various locations of the same casting or between the properties of a casting and tho of a test specimen cast from the same iron. When such a relationship is important and must be known for a specific application,it may be more cloly ascertained by appropriate experimentation.
X1.3When reliable information is unavailable on the relationship between properties in a casting and tho in a parately cast test specimen,and where experimentation would be unfeasible,the size of the test casting should be so lected as to approximate the cooling rate of the main or controlling ction of the casting.
X2.Y-BLOCK SELECTION
X2.1As a general guide for lection of the proper Y-block, the tabulation in Table X2.1,bad on cooling rates,shows,for various test coupons,the equivalent geometric shapes with various
dimensions.
