Nathaniel Hawthorne (霍桑)
1. Hawthorne’s Life Story
a. born into the family of a a captain, in Salem 塞勒姆
b. When he was born, his family declined. He was aware of his
ancestors' misdeeds and thus "blackness of Hawthorne" formed.
He thought that the reason of his family's decline is his
ancestors' misdeeds.
His original family name was “Hathorne”.
Why did he inrt a “w” into his name:
Hathorne
Hawthorne
阅读区活动目标 To escape the cur put on his family by his ancestors
His ancestor John Hathorne had taken part in the famous Witchcraft Trials in Salem 塞勒姆驱巫案
• 肝炎疫苗c. In 1821 he entered Bowdoin College and graduated in 1825 in
• the class with Longfellow and Franklin Pierce, later 哪一年恢复高考
• president of the United States.
• d. Between 1825-1837, the twelve years were so-called
• “clusion”隐居, when he
• lived in his mother’s Salem home to read widely and prepare
• for his literary career
• his first book is a collection of short stories Twice-told Tales 《故事新编》 gained critical attention.
• e. In 1841-1842, he stayed at Brook Farm and took part in the transcendental experiment and married Sophia Peabody, a transcendentalist
------ the inspiration of The Blithedale Romance 《福谷传奇》
• f. After marriage, they lived in a hou named Old Man.
• it was there, Hawthorne wrote his collection of short stories Moss from an Old Man «古宅青苔»
• Lately, from 1839 to 1849, he worked in the US Custom office .海关
• g. In 1853, After Pierce became president, he was asked to be the consul领事 in Liverpool and Italy.
• Italy is the tting of one of his novels---The Marble Faun 《大理石雕像》
• h. After 1860 Hawthorne lived in Concord and devoted his
• remaining years to literature until he died suddenly while on
蚰蠓• a trip to New Hampshire with his lifelong friend Pierce.
2.Hawthorne’s Major Works
1). Two collections of short stories:
⏹ Twice-told Tales 《故事新编》
⏹ Moss from an Old Man «古宅青苔»
Short stories:
Young Goodman Brown
《小伙子古德曼·布朗》
The Minister’s Black Veil 《教长的黑面纱》
The Birthmark 《胎记》
2). Novels
( 1) The Blithedale Romance 《福谷传奇》
(2) The Hou of the Seven Gables
《七个尖角阁的房子》
(3) The Marble Faun 《大理石雕像》
(4) The Scarlet Letter «红字»
3. Hawthorne’s point of view怎样做海报
The Blackness of Hawthorne
▪ Hawthorne is influenced by Puritanism deeply. He was not a Puritan himlf, but he had Puritan ancestors who played an important role in his life and works.
He was aware of the misdeeds of his Puritan ancestors, which led to his understanding of evil at the core of human life.
▪ Melville : “霍桑描写黑暗的巨大力量，是由于受到加尔文派交易关于与生俱来的堕落与原罪思想的影响。没有一位思想深邃的人能完全摆脱这种思想所发生的各种形式的影响。”
Hawthorne’s point of view韩国美女头像
(1) Evil is at the core of human life.
Hawthorne is haunted by a n of sin and evil in life, “black” vision of life and human
Evil exists in the human heart, human heart is the source of evil. Everyone posss some evil cret. Evil is man’s birthmark.
He rejects the Transcendentalist optimism and looks more deeply and more honestly into life, finding much suffering & conflict in it
His literary world is a most disturbed and tormented one, discus sin and evil in almost every book
(2) Whenever there is sin, there is punishment. Sin or evil can be pasd from generation to generation.
The wrong-doing of one generation lives to the successive ones.
一代人的罪孽要殃及子孙
父债子还
(3) Evil educates.
• Achievement is “under the impact of and by engagement with evil”
• 经历过犯罪，受到其影响，人们才能有所成就
• Man is better for the crime which brings about the fall.
跑操作文
• 人在犯罪后才能更好的完善自己
(4) He has disgust in science. One source of evil is overweening (too proud of onelf) intellect.
• His intellectual characters are villains, dreadful and cold-blooded.
such as Roger Chillingworth in The Scarlet Letter
4. Hawthorne’s aesthetic ideas
He took a great interest in history and antiquity.
To him the furnish the soil on which his mind grows to fruition (fulfill).
a country where there is no shadow, no antiquity, no mystery, no picturesque and gloomy wrong, nor anything but a commonplace prosperity, in broad and simple daylight
霍桑认为：与文明而古老的欧洲相比，美国“没有阴影，没有古风，没有秘传，没有绚丽而又昏默的冤孽，只有光天之下的枯燥乏味的繁荣”，给作家提供的素材极少。
Trying “to connect a bygone time with the very Prent”, he makes the dream strange things look like truth.
>党员e家
