美式英语和英式英语的语法差异 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
美式英语和英式英语的语法大部分相同，不过还是有一些差异。虽然这些差异不一定都很明显，但如果能认出它们是很有帮助的。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
美国人通常用have来表示拥有（财产）；而说英国人有时会有have got。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
American:?I?have?a car. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
British:?I've got?a car. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
American:?Do you have?a cellphone? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
British:?Have you got?a mobile phone? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
美国人经常用一般过去式表示最近发生的事。相比之下，英国人常用现在完成时。 ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
American:?Elijah already?returned?from London. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
British:?Ella?has?already?returned财经类专业?from New York. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
American:?I just?went?shopping. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
British:?I've?just been shopping. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
讨论表述事物的方法 使用这些表达来询问和解释如何表述事物。 A: What's the British English word for 'eggplant'? 英式英语里“茄子”用哪个词？ B: The British English equivalent is 'aubergine.' 英式英语里“茄子”是“aubergine”。 A: How do you say 'trash can' in British English? 英式英语里“垃圾桶”怎么说？ B: We call it the 'dustbin.' 我们管它叫“dustbin”。 A: Is it correct to say 'at the weekend' in American English? 美式英语里“at the weekend”（在周末）是正确的说法吗？ B: No, we don't really say it like that. We u 'on the weekend.' 不是的，我们一般不这么说。我们会说“on the weekend”（在周末）。 A: Can you tell me where the lift is? 你能告诉我lift（电梯）在哪吗？ B: Sure, it's right over there. But 'lift' has a different meaning in the US. Here, we say 'elevator.' 当然，就在那边。但是“lift”在美国有不同的意思。我们这管它叫“elevator”。 If you travel in China, you'll certainly hear people speaking Chine. It's also likely, however, that you will hear a foreign language – English – spoken, for example, between a Brazilian consultant collaborating with a Chine entrepreneur, or a Swedish translator meeting a Nigerian CEO. English is a world language that has created a new global community of people who can communicate with each other. Nearly 100 countries identify English as their main language, as an official language or as a language of government. About 1 billion people worldwide say they speak English. Most people would agree that English plays a major role in the business world. Many companies require employees to speak English; and international meetings, travel and contracts are often carried out primarily in English. People who speak English may earn a better living and, in some industries, may work in more innovative environments. Although business English has developed as a tool for survival, English also ems to have been willingly adopted into world culture through the internet, movies, TV shows, computer games and advertiments. Indeed, most countries have 'borrowed' the English word 'internet' itlf. In Spain, people may say they play 'basketball,' and Koreans grab a quick cup of 'coffee.' Some US television programs that are popular in the States are even more popular in other countries. What's more, English-language media paint a positive image of the US and even have the power to improve international relations, according to one US television producer. But is this positive image always accurate, especially when one language dominates to such an extent that it can t a global, cultural agenda? By the next century, half of the world's estimated 7,000 languages may already have disappeared, as people abandon them in favor of a global language such as English, Mandarin or Spanish. Although it's convenient to share an international language, we mustn't forget the smaller languages, and cultures, that are in danger becau of the rapid ride of English. 喜剧小品叙述一个别人跟你讲过的故事 用诸如say、ask、tell和think这样的动词来帮助你叙述别人跟你讲过的故事。在这个例子中，请注意引号表示别人说过的话。还要注意在叙述时，过去时和现在时的不停转换。 Gavin, who's from the UK, says, 'I just bought a new lorry.' 加文是英国人，他说：“我刚买了一台新lorry（卡车）。” And I thought, 'What's a lorry?' 我心想，“什么是lorry？” 你叙述故事时还可以不直接引用别人的话。请注意这时不能用引号。 So, I asked him what he meant. 所以我问他什么意思。 He begins by telling me that a lorry is the British English word for truck. 他就开始跟我说lorry在英式英语里是卡车的意思。 你可以用不那么常用的动词，比如admit、claim、confirm、 deny 和 insist 来更准确地表述故事。这类动词也可以让你的叙述更加丰富多彩。 Then, Gavin claims that he can u recycled cooking oil from restaurants as 'petrol' in his new truck. 然后加文说他的新车可以用餐馆回收的食用油当“petrol”（汽油）。 First, I confirmed that 'petrol' means 'gas' in American English. 首先，我确定“petrol”就是美式英语里的“gas”（汽油）。 Then, I insisted that we u real gasoline. 然后，我坚持说我们要用真汽油。 At first Gavin denied I had a point, but he later admitted it. 起初加文不认为我的话有道理，但后来又承认了。 在叙述中使用问句可以增加戏剧性和悬念。 Anyway, we drive in his new truck to grab some french fries at the local burger place. And guess what? 总之，我们开着他的新卡车去当地的汉堡店买薯条。然后你猜怎么着？ Gavin asks the waitress … um, what was it? Oh, yeah: 'Can you cook my fries in extra oil?' 加文问服务员…… 嗯，什么来着？哦，对了：“炸薯条时可以多放点油吗？” And I said, 'Are you kidding me?' 我说：“你开什么玩笑？” Do you ever feel like someone misunderstands you when you're speaking English? And, vice versa, do you ever feel like you don't understand someone el? Guess what? You're not alone. Most people experience the misunderstandings, which are also known as 'communication breakdowns.' Communication breakdowns usually occur becau of differences in pronunciation, the way words are ud or cultural misunderstandings. Fortunately, there are strategies you can u to help avoid or repair a communication breakdown and keep a conversation going. First, don't worry. Everybody makes mistakes when speaking. Focus on the language you can say instead of what you can't say. For example, if you can't think of the word 'hood' when talking about your car, simply describe it: 'It's the thing you pop open to e the car engine.' During a conversation, remember to look at the other person's facial expressions. Does he or she em confud? Has the person said, 'Sorry – I'm not sure what you mean?' If so, make sure you are clearly pronouncing your words. Repeat what you have said. You can also repeat it using different language with the same meaning. Let's say you described a 'hood' as 'the thing you pop open to e the car engine.' If the other person is confud, you could say: 'It's the big metal cover you lift up to try to fix the parts of a car.' On the other hand, when you're having trouble understanding what someone el is saying, inform the person of this. You can look confud. You can politely u expressions like: 'I'm having trouble understanding. Could you plea slow down?' 'Sorry – I didn't catch that. Would you mind repeating what you just said?' 'Sorry – what was that?' 'I misd that. Could you say it again?' If you're not sure you understand what the speaker just said, you could try to confirm your understanding by paraphrasing what you heard. U expressions like the to confirm your understanding. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
美国和英国的汽车词汇 | ||||||||||
从18世纪到20世纪，工业革命改造了产业界，但同时也改变了英语语言。英国和美国是工业革命的两个领导者，两国的工程师不断发明成百上千的新机器，并为这些机器创造出新的词汇。有时两个国家的工程师们会发明同一种机器，但是用不同的词命名。 | ||||||||||
| 汽车发动机故障灯亮是什么情况 | ||||||||||
这是汽车零件词汇差异的几个例子。请注意美式英语tire和英式英语tyre的拼写差异。 | ||||||||||
American:?trunk | (后备箱) | American:?windshield | （挡风玻璃） | |||||||
British:?boot | British:?windscreen | |||||||||
American:?hood | ( 引擎盖） | American:?tire | （轮胎） | |||||||
British:?bonnet | British:?tyre | |||||||||
更多汽车(vehicle)词汇差异的例子： | ||||||||||
American:?gas, gasoline? | （汽油） | American:?parking lot? | （停车场） | |||||||
British:?petrol | British:?car park | |||||||||
American:?truck? | （卡车） | American:?highway, freeway | （高速公路） | |||||||
British:?lorry | British:?motorway, dual carriageway | |||||||||
在美国，highway和freeway路面宽、行驶速度快、有多条车道。在英国，motorways是有六条道的高速路，而dual carriageways有四条道。 | ||||||||||
| 热水器打不着 | ||||||||||
有时同一个词在英式英语和美式英语中含义不同。比如，美国人说的trunk可以指car trunk也可以指elephant trunk。然而在英国trunk通常指的是驻村工作队职责elephant trunk或clothes trunk。 黄瓜拉皮 | ||||||||||
更多美英两国含义的不同的词汇： | ||||||||||
American: A?boot?is a piece of clothing worn on your foot. | ||||||||||
British: A?boot?can be a car boot or a piece of clothing worn on your foot. | ||||||||||
American: A?hood?is a piece of clothing worn over your head or the hood of a car. | ||||||||||
British: A?hood?is only a piece of clothing worn over your head. | ||||||||||
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