主谓一致考点归纳

更新时间:2023-07-27 23:01:53 阅读: 评论:0

主谓一致考点归纳
<>就近原则
1. 由并列结构或连词(eitheror neithernornotbut not onlybut also or等)连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。
  例句:Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.  Tom和他的父母都不在家。
  Note:“eitheror, neithernor, or”连接的两个主语若是一单一复,最好将复数放在后面而接复数动词。
2. 在倒装句和there be句型中,谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。
 例:There is a book and some pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。There comes the bus. 汽车来了。
3. 在定语从句中,关系代词作主语,其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。
  例句:I know the man who is talking to my father.我认识那个正在和我父亲谈话的人。
4. 在强调句中,连接代词又在句中作主语,这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。
  例句:It is Mary's brother who was injured in the car accident. Mary的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。
<电脑死机了>意义一致原则
1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along withwithas well astogether with no less thanbesidesexcept but including抹茶蛋糕的做法等短语时,谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰,依然和主语保持一致。\
  例句:I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month. 我,还有我姐姐,打算下个月去上海。
2. 英语中有一类单、复数同型的词(peoplemeanssheepdeer谷雨是几月几日,fish等),其单复数取决于它在句中的含义。
  例句:All of the people in the country have been prepared for the great reformation.
          Every means has been tried./ All means have been tried.
3. 多数情况下,由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时,其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。
  例句:What I want to say is just Take care!.我只想说:“多保重!”
4. 当主语与allnoneanysome等不定代词、形容词连用时,应根据具体句意,决定其后谓语动词单复数。
例句:All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.我对这家公司的了解都是昨天他告诉我的。
5. “…+ (of) +名词”结构描述数量时,如果“of”后的名词为单数(不可数名词),则谓语动词用单数,如果名词为复数,则谓语动词用复数。
  例句:Most of the water here is clean.大部分的水是干净的。      Half of the apples are red.
        80% cotton has been nt to America.80%的棉花已经被送往美国。 
6. 词组“a number of a great/good many a group of +集成吊顶品牌可数名词复数”的结构作主语时,谓语动词应用复数;如果冠词a变为the,则谓语动词用单数。h开头单词
  例句: A number of ancient buildings are destroyed in the war.许多的古代建筑在战争中被毁。
        The number of the visitors has decread this year. 游客的数量今年减少了。
7. 英语的集体名词(committee, crowd, family, public, group, party, team, class, club, company, union等词),指代“整体”时为单数;指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。
  例句:My family was very poor when I was a little girl.当我还是一个小女孩儿的时候,我家很穷。
        My family are all looking forward to your coming. 我的家人都在期待着你的到来。
8主语是a lot oflots ofplenty of,百分比+of+名词时,谓语动词的形须依照名词的数而确定。
9主语是kind of祝福祖国的话语type ofpair ofvariety ofamount ofmass ofquantity of+名词时,谓语动词的形须依照kindamountpairquantity的数来确定。
10主语是a/the population时,谓语动词用单数形。主语是分数、百分数+of+population时,谓语动词用复数形。
11些名词化的形容词前加the,泛指某一类人或物。指人时,谓语动词用复数;指物时,谓语动词用单数。
    The old need taking good care of.          The beauty is hers.
  <>整体原则
1. 从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词一律视作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
    例句:When to leave has not been decided.什么时候离开还没有定下来。
          Go shopping on Sunday is one of his habits.周日购物是他的一个习惯。
    Note:如果主语是两个(或两个以上)的名词性从句,谓语动词常用复数。
          例句:What he said and what he did were always different.他所说的和他所做的总是不一样。
2. 如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时,谓语动词须用单数。
  例句: The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year.这位小说家兼诗人打算明年去欧洲。
叶的组词  The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year.小说家和诗人都打算明年去欧洲。
分析:a)句中小说家和诗人the novelist and poet为同一个人,故谓语动词用单数;
b)句中有两个人,一个是小说家the novelist,另一个是诗人the poet
3. 专用名词,如:书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名等,通常作单数用。例:The United States was found it 1776.
4. 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时,通常被视作整体,谓语动词用单数。例:
10 minutes is enough.
  <>个体原则
1. and连结的两个或多个主语前如果有each, every, no等修饰语时(后面的一个有时也可省略),后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例句:Every man and every woman is busy at working.每个人都在忙着工作。
2. 英语句中的each either neither等词,既可作代词充当主语,又可作形容词修饰主语,这时的谓语动词一律用单数。例句:Neither of us has been abroad. 我们谁都没出过国。
3. some, any every, no构成的复合词(somebodynobodyeverythinganything等)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例句:Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate.有人在学校门口等你。
4. many a / more than one + 单数名词,一般接单数谓语动词。
  例句:Many a man does not understand Einstein's relativity.许多人不明白爱因斯坦的相对论。
5. one and a half + 复数名词”作主语,谓语动词一般用单数。例:One and a half hours has pasd.
6. 成双成对出现的复数名词(glass scissors shoes,  trourspantsglovesstockings等)作主语时,通常谓语动词用复数,但如果前面有a /the pair ofa /the suit of等词语时,则谓语动词要用单数。例句:A pair of scissors is uful tool for a dressmaker.剪刀是裁缝的重要工具。
囊肿妇科
7. 以“-s”结尾的“复数”名词(例如;一些学科名词mathematics physics politics等),或以“-s”结尾的地点名词、人名等词后面的谓语动词通常用单数。例句:Mathematics is my favorite subject.
练习  请用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. Three years _______ (have) pasd since they met last time, and for them, three year
s_______ (be) really a long time. 
2. _______ (be) everybody going to take part in the game this afternoon?
3. My family _______ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides, my family ______ (be) all party members.

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标签:动词   谓语   主语   名词   单数   复数
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