2014年12月英语四六级翻译核心语法巩固
翻译考试一直是一些考生的软肋，那么怎样轻松拿下四六级而不在翻译这里丢分呢?以下是小编为大家整理的四六级翻译核心语法，希望对各位考生有所帮助!
改革后的英语四六级翻译难度加大自是不言而喻，但是以前翻译中常考的重要知识点在现在的段落翻译中仍然值得我们重视，语法知识相对比较固定，考查起来又比较细致，考生必须面面俱到，除了熟练掌握常考重要语法知识，一些细枝末节的知识点也不能放过，从一开始我们学习英语，语法学习就一直没有间断过，但是针对英语四六级考试，我们还要对语法知识进行系统的复习与巩固，将以前所学的所有语法知识串联起来，打下坚实的基础。
为了方便各位考生在新学期开学、英语四六级复习伊始阶段对以往学习的语法有个全面的了解，小编特为大家整理了这篇英语四六级翻译核心语法其中的虚拟语气知识，希望大家认真掌握，为后期的复习打好基础。
虚拟语气：与事实相反的
一、主语从句：
1、it is +adj\\n that + 虚拟
2、it is +done(表示建议、要求)that + 虚拟
二、宾语从句：
1、I suggest(表示命令；建议；请求) that …… shoule +do…… (在虚拟语气中，shoule have done = ought to have done，其他时候should 不等于ought to)
2、I wish that ……(用虚拟语气)
三、目的状语：宋献策
Lest或者for fear that + (虚拟语气)should do
四、if从句：即主句……, if 从句……
1、倒装代替if从句：Had\\Were\\Should ……，主句……
2、but for = without(如果不是)代替if从句，两个都是介词But for \\without + 名词，主句……
3、with + 名词，主句……春节作文三百字
4、if only + (if 从句) 要是……该多好
五、隐藏虚拟语气：本打算做但结果没有做的
1、had hoped\\intended\\planned\\expected\\wanted\\meant to do
2、hoped to have done
3、be(was\\were) + to have done
4、would\\should like to have done
Would have done 表意愿、将来
Should have done 竟然做了、本应该做的Could have done 有能力做Might have done 表示猜测
Need have done 本来需要做的却没有做主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气
有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。如：
1. 从句表示将来，主句表示过去：
⑴、If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this afternoon, I would have gone to e the film with you last night.
2. 从句表示过去，主句表示将来：
⑴、If they had started the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.
⑵、If we hadn' t made adequate preparations, we shouldn' t dare to do the experiment next week。
3.从句表示将来，主句表示现在：
⑴、If we shouldn't have an exam this afternoon, I would go shopping now.
4.从句表示过去，主句表示现在。
⑴、If they had stared the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.
⑵、If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now.
murphy征5.从句表示过去，主句表示过去和现在
⑴、If you hadn’t lent me some money, I couldn’t have bought the new hou and most likely I would be still living in the dangero us hou now.
在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
(1) 、You wouldn’t know. 你不会知道。
(2) 、would like to come. 我愿意来。
(3) 、I wouldn’t have dreamed of it. 这是我做梦也不会想到的。
(4) 、He told the story in such minute detail that he might himlf have been an eye-witness. 他将那事讲的非常仔细，简直就象他亲眼看见一样。
6.从句表示现在，主句表示过去
⑴、If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。(从句说明现在，主句说明过去。)
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(1)
概述General Terms来电转接怎么取消
爱国主义精神patriotism
诚实守信honesty
全民健身运动nationwide
集体主义collectivism
为人民服务rving the people
重要文化遗产major cultural heritage
优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts
公民道德建设实施纲要The Program for Improving Civic Morality
弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity
fitness campaign
社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育
education in social and professional ethics and family virtues
深入群众，深入生活go deep among the mass and into the thick of life
奉献无愧于时代的作品contribute to the people works worthy of the times
中华文明博大精深，源远流长
The Chine civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history
自立于世界民族之林stand proudly in the family of nations
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(2)
艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts
版画engraving
贝雕画shell carving picture
彩塑painted sculpture
瓷器porcelain; china
刺绣embroidery
雕刻carving
宫灯palace lantern
国画Chine painting
剪纸paper-cut
景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain
景泰蓝cloisonné enamel
蜡染batik
卖秸画straw patchwork
木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving
木刻画wood engraving
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(3) 戏剧表演Theatrical Performances
高淳区京剧脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera
生male characters
末middle-aged male characters
净“painted face” characters
旦female characters
丑clown
京剧票友amatur performer of Peking Opera
木偶戏puppet show
独角戏monodrama; one-man play
皮影戏shadow play ; leather-silhouette show
折子戏opera highlights
戏剧小品skit
哑剧dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime
单口相声monologue comic talk
双口相声witty dialogue
口技vocal imitations ; ventriloquism
说书monologue story-telling
杂技acrobatic performance
叠罗汉making a human pyramid
特技stunt
睬高跷stilt walk
马戏circus performances
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(4) 神话人物Mythological Figures
八仙the Eight Immortals
嫦娥Chang’s ( the Chine moon goddess)
伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)
福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune , prosperity and longevity 共工God of Water
后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns )
黄帝Yellow Emperor
夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant )
女Goddess of Sky-patching
盘古Pan Gu (creator of the univer )
神农Patron of Agriculture
禹Yu(the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)
祝融God of Fire
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(5) 古代建筑Ancient Architecture
塔pagoda
琉璃塔glazed stupa
舍利塔dagoba ; sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics )
舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s of saints’ body 喇叭塔Lamaist pagoda
楼storied buildings
钟楼bell tower
鼓楼drum tower
阁pavilion
烽火台beacon tower
华表ornamental column
牌坊memorial archway
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(6) 古代典籍Famous Ancient Books
《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals
《史记》Historical Records
《诗经》The Book of Songs
《书经》The Book of History
《易经》The Book of Changes
《礼记》The Book of Rites
四书：The Four Books:
《大学》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》The Mencius
《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica
《资治通鉴》History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers
《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber
《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes ; Water Margins
《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions ; The story of the Stone 《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(7) 宗教Religions
佛教Buddhism
释迦牟尼Sakyamuni
佛寺Buddhist temple
大雄宝殿the Great Buddha’s Hall
藏经楼depositary of Buddhist texts
金刚经Vajracchedika-sutra
素菜馆vegetarian restaurant
罗汉堂arhat hall
观音Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara
地藏God of Earth
四大金刚Four Heavenly Guardians (at the entrance to a Buddhism temple);Four Devarajas
四大天王Four Heavenly Kings
因果报应karma
藏传佛教Lamaism
大藏经Tripitaka
转世灵童reincarnated soul boy
喇嘛庙lamary
道教Taoism
道观Taoist temple
道士Taoist priest
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(8)
关帝庙temple of Lord Guan
儒教Confucianism
孔子庙Confucian temple
孔子Confucius
义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌
rightness, propriety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love
学儿优则仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excels in study can follow an official career .
禅宗Zen Buddhism
不立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。
There belief is pasd on outside the religion
There is no reliance on written scripts
It goes straight into people’s minds .
One becomes a Buddha the moment
He es his own Buddha nature .
伊斯兰教Islam
清真寺mosques
古兰经the Koran
耶稣教Christianity痴人做梦
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(9)
传统节日Traditional Festivals
拜年paying a New Year call
爆竹firecracker
鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers
除夕New Year’s Eve
春节Spring Festival
春联Spring Festival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year )
辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; ring out the old year and ring in the new
大扫除year-end houhold cleaning
灯谜lantern riddles
登高hill climbing
端午节Dragon Boat Festival
恭喜发财May you be prosperous! / Wish you all the best !
观灯viewing the lanterns
贺年片New Year film
肠胃炎吃什么药好
饺子dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing )
龙灯舞dragon lantern dance
庙会temple fair
年画New Year picture
年夜饭family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year’s Eve
压岁钱money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift
英语四级翻译必备分类词汇(10)
烹饪Culinary Arts
美食节gourmet festival
中餐烹饪Chine cuisine
色，香，味俱全perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance
四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜
four major Chine cuisines: Shandong cuisine , Sichuan cuisine , Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine
南淡北咸，东甜西辣the light southern cuisine , and the salty northern cuisine ;the sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy western cuisine 八宝菜eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats , asparagus , lettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce ) 八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steamed with prerved fruits , sweetened bean paste , lotus eds , longan , etc.) 白斩鸡tender boiled chicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , then dipping into asonings )
臭豆腐odd-odour bean curb
粉蒸肉pork streamed with rice flour
挖掘金
风味小吃local delicacy
腐竹rolls of dried bean milk cream
冷盘hors d’oeuvres
萨其马Manchu candied fritter cut in squares
