写 作 课 程 教 学 大 纲
Part One Manuscript Form
【Teaching Objectives】
Help students to realize the importance of the cond year study;
Help students to realize the importance of writing;
Help students to understand what is a good manuscript form.
生姜功效糖果子弹【Teaching Points】
Arrangement; Capitalization; Word division; Punctuation.
【Teaching difficulties】
Capitalization
Ⅰ. Arrangement
1. Title
Write the title in the middle of the first line.
2. Margin
3. Indent
Ⅱ. Capitalization
Capitals are ud mainly at three places: the first words of ntences, key words in titles, and proper names. A ntence fragment treated as a ntence, should begin with a capital letter. The first word of quoted speech is capitalized.
Ⅲ. Word Division
The general principle is to divide a word according to its syllables and never put the hyphen at the beginning of a line.
孟姜女的传说Ⅳ . Punctuation
How to u different punctuation marks will be discusd in details in Part Ten. This part teaches us how to u period, comma, question mark, exclamation mark, quotation mark.
Ⅴ Handwriting
Write carefully so that your handwriting can be read easily. There are two common ways of writing the letters: one is to form loops and the other is to print.
Part Two Diction
【Teaching Objectives】
Help students to know the importance of diction in writing;
堆雪人英语怎么读Help students to know how to vary the u of words according to specific context;
Help students to u figures of speech in writing;
电脑怎么装蓝牙
Help students to u dictionary accordingly.
【Important Points】
Instruct the usage of diction;
Instruct the usage of figures of speech;
Instruct the usage of dictionary in writing.
【Difficult Points】
Deal with the choice of different words in different literary forms;
Do exercis on figures of speech.
Ⅰ. Level of Words
1. Standard Words
1.1. Formal Words
1.2 Common Words
1.3 Informal Word
2. Substandard Words
2.1 Slangs
黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵的广陵是哪里
2.2 Taboos
请你跟我这样做2.2.1 Taboos in profanity: Jehovah, Jesus, Christ, God, Mo
2.2.2 Taboos in obscenity: fuck, tits, bitch, piss, shit
2.2.3 Taboos in calamity: die, death, doom, ill, sick, go, go to heaven, troubles be over, be with God.
2.2.4 Taboos in discrimination: Negro, Nigger, Chinks, Polacks ,Kikes, Japs, Dagos.
2.3 Dialects
Ⅱ.The Meaning of Words
1. Denotative Meaning
A word’s denotation is what it literally means, as defined by the dictionary.
2. Connotative Meaning
The word’s connotation is the feeling or idea suggested by it.
3. Synonymous Words with Difference
3.1 Words Meaning Different in Stylistic Level
3.2Words Meaning Different in the Degree of Emphasis
3.3 Words Meaning Different in Emotional Coloring
3.4 Words Meaning different in Tone
3.5 Words Meaning different in Collocation
Ⅲ. General and Specific Words
1. Main Features of General Words
2. Main Features of Specific Words
Ⅵ. Idioms
1. The Definition of Idioms
An idiom is a fixed group of words with a special meaning which is different from the meanings of the words that form it.
2. Common Types of Idioms
3. Main Features of Idioms
Ⅴ. Figures of Speech
1. The Definition of Figures of Speech
Words ud in their original meanings are ud literally, while words ud in extended meanings for the purpo of making comparisons or calling up pictures in the reader’s or listener’s mind are ud figuratively.
2. Major Types of Figure of Speech
2.1 Simile
It is a comparison between two distinctly different things and the comparison is indicated by the word “as or like ”.
qq飞车改帧数
2.2 Metaphor
It is the u of a word which originally denotes one thing to refer to another with a similar quality. It is also a comparison, but the comparison is implied, not expresd with the word as or like.
2.3 Personification
It is to treat a thing or an idea as if it were human or bad human qualities. In poetry, personification is very common.
2.4 Metonymy
It is substituting the name of one thing for that of another with which it is cloly associated.
2.5 Synecdoche
When a part is substituted for the whole or the whole is substituted for a part, synecdoche is applied.
2.6 Euphemism
It is the substitution of a mild or vague expression for a harsh or unpleasant one.
2.7 Irony
It is the u of words, which are clearly opposite to what is meant, in order to achieve a special effect.
2.8 Overstatement and Understatement
