Unit 2 Understanding each other
Extended reading: Borrowed words
◆内容分析：
【What】本板块的语篇围绕单元话题，介绍了外来词产生的原因、其复杂的演变过程以及由此带来的语言文化方面的影响。同时，语篇还描述了世界各国、各民族对外来词所持的态度以及他们采取的相应措施，并在最后引用了一位语言学家话向读者说明外来语言是世界全球化发展的必然结果，鼓励读者正确认识外来词的意义和影响。
【Why】本文通过介绍外来词产生的原因，演变过程及其影响等内容，旨在帮助学生理解语言的意义和作用，提升对地区乃至世界的语言、文化、历史等方面发展的认识，正确面对外来文化，坚定文化自信，实现有效的跨文化沟通。
【How】本文的语篇类型为杂志文章。文章结构饱满，句式紧凑，信息丰富。作者大量运用举例的方式，客观而深入的阐明外来词为何发展、如何发展的；例如，作者在开头用一个简单的句子，向读者介绍了英语中的外来词现象，激发阅读兴趣，引发读者思考；随后，多次
利用bacon、email、kung fu等中英词汇说明外来词在各个语言群体中的来龙去脉；在介绍不同语言群体对外来词的态度时，作者用法语使用者、纳瓦霍语使用者和英语使用者三个例子来论证正反两方的观点；另外，作者在结尾时引用了著名语言学家萨丕尔的话来说明世界发展对语言和文化产生的影响，同时肯定了老外来词的积极意义。鞋带太长怎么办
◆教学目标：
By the end of this ction, students will be able to:
1. understand why and how words are borrowed from other languages;
2. analy different attitudes towards borrowed words;
3. u examples to explain their own attitudes towards borrowed words;
4. give opinions on whether it is important to learn and prerve local dialects.
◆教学重难点：
什么的英文Students will figure out a little bit hard for them to:
1. explain the different attitudes towards borrowed words;
2. express their own opinions on the importance of borrowed words.
◆教学过程：
Step 1 Lead-in
Watch the video: Where do new words come from?
T山西省注册会计师协会ranslate the following words:
Step 2 Fast-reading
Complete the chart below with the information from the magazine article.
Step 3 Careful reading
Para.1
Ask and answer:
What does the author say “this comes as no surpri” in Line 3?
Becau English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages, including Latin, Greek, French and Chine.
Why does the author take the example of “tofu”?
To prent his topic in a vivid way and draw listeners’ attention.
人体血管分布图
Para. 2
When does word borrowing usually occur?
It occurs when two cultures with different languages interact, and there is no suitable word for an object or idea in the native tongue.
Para.3
Is it easy for a borrowed word to be integrated into the other language?
No, it isn’t.
Para.4 & Para.5
Read for details and complete the chart below.
Step 4 Discussion
Why do languages borrow words?
什么叫打飞机Step 5 One more video
If time permitting, students can watch another video about “Why do languages borrow words”.
Step 6 Language points
1. Word borrowing comes about when two cultures with different languages interact. (line 8)
come about 产生，发生
1) 他们的相遇纯属偶然。(come about)
2) 我不知道她是如何偷听到我们谈话的。(come about)
1) Their meeting came about by accident/chance.
2) I don’t know how it came about that she overheard our conversation.
2. In the current age of globalization, when communications technology brings different cultures clor together. (lines 10-11)
The more international and globalized the world becomes, the more language characteristics will be shared between nations and cultures. (lines 45-47)
globalization n. 全球化 v. _____________
信息全球化势不可挡。(globalization)
The globalization of information is unstoppable.
1). 沙漠化 _____________________
2). 现代化 _____________________
3). 盐碱化 _____________________
4). 毁林，采伐森林 ______________
Answers：1) dertification 2) modernization 3) salinization 4) deforestation
3. ...and it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech. (lines 15-1
6)
日语自谦语integrate v. 整合；结合 integrated adj. 完整的，组合的
into/
be
1). We must carry out the Party’s education policy that education should rve socialist modernization and the people and integrate itlf _______ productive labor and social practice.
2). The Message Board tool is an easy tool to integrate _____ daily school life.
Answers：1). with 2). into
4. ... but some language communities oppo adopting words from other cultures. (lines 25-26)
oppo
v. to disagree strongly with sb’s plan, policy, etc. and try to change it or prevent it from succeeding 反对（计划、政策等）；抵制；阻挠
v. to compete with sb in a contest （在竞赛中）与…对垒，与…角逐
oppo sth/ doing sth.
be oppod to (doing) sth 反对...
1) Our previously _________ (oppo) views are beginning to converge(汇集/相似).
2) Don’t oppo your will ___________ mine.
3) 眉毛没有后半截的男人We are strongly oppod ________ racial discrimination.闲章内容
4) The husband strongly oppod his wife's _______ (go) there alone.
5) I would oppo __________(change) the law.
6) He intends ___________(oppo) the prime minister in the leadership election.
