从目的论的角度看影视字幕翻译
Skopos Theory and Film Subtitle Translation
Abstract: Film is not only a typical form of art most people love to e and hear, but also one of the most influential media in the society. As an important part of the film, film subtitle is of informative expressive and aesthetic functions, but film subtitle translation is no easy task. Although quite a few translators have put forward different kinds of translating techniques in this field, we are still lacking a ries of scientific and instructive translation theories and principles as guidance in translating practice. This thesis attempts to adopt skopos theory to analyze subtitle translation. The products of translation should be evaluated by the purpo or skopos achieved, not by the approaches employed. Therefore, skopos theory can be considered as a feasible and scientific guideline to the translation of subtitles.
Key words: film; subtitle translation; skopos theory
摘 要：电影是人们喜闻乐见的艺术形式，作为电影的重要组成部分，电影字幕具有传达信息，表现美感和吸引观众的功能。但是，电影字幕的翻译并非易事，虽然目前很多译者就电影字幕的翻译提出各种各样的翻译方法，但仍然缺少具有科学性和指导性的系统翻译理论。本文试图运用德国功能主义的“目的论”，分析研究电影的字幕翻译。一切以目的而不是以手段评价译文的优劣，力求各种关系的协调一致，因此目的论为影视翻译提供了科学、可行的指导意义。
关键词：电影酷狗歌曲；字幕翻译；目的论
Contents
Ⅰ. Introduction…………………………………………………………..1
Ⅱ. Purpo and Significance……………………………………………1
Ⅲ. Skopos Theory………………………………………………………..2
A. Three stages…………………………………………………………………….2
1. Katharina Reiss and the functional category of translation criticism……………………………………………………………………2
2. Hans J. Vermeer and skopos theory...........................................................2
3. Justa Holz---Manttari and the theory of translational action………... 3
B. Three rules……………………………………………………………………..3
生产车间规划1. The skopos rule…………………………………………………………….3
2. The coherence rule………………………………………………………...3
3. The fidelity 古代称呼妻子rule…………………………………………………..4
Ⅳ. Previous Studies on English Film Translation……………………..4
A. New definition of translation………………………………………………..4
B. Previous studies on English 感冒可以锻炼吗film translation………………………………4
Ⅴ. Application of Skopos Theory to Film Subtitle Translation………5
A. Foreignization………………………………………………………………...6
B. Domestication…………………………………………………………………7
C. Compromi…………………………………………………………………..8
D. Omission………………………………………………………………………8
E. 鼻子素描Transliteration………………………………………………………………...9
Ⅵ.Conclusion..........................................................................................10
Works Cited..............................................................................................11
Ⅰ. Introduction
With the rapid development of globalization, digitalization, and multimedia technology as well as the widening and deepening of crosscultural communication, there are more and
more exchanges of audio-visual products between China and the outside world. Without good subtitle translation, there could be no successful exchanges of the products. Among all the theories employed in film translation, Skopos theory has provided a solid theoretical foundation for the faithful transference of subtitle in films. Skopos theory liberates translation from the chain of the source text and provides a new perspective to elucidate translational activities. 大惠兰花
Ⅱ. Purpo and Significance
Appreciation of foreign films has become an esntial part of modern life in China. It's an important channel to further understanding and communication between different cultures. In recent years, the audiovisual translation (AVT) has showed its mounting significance. Rearches on AVT have been carried out more extensively and intensively in the West, thus common ground has been reached and conventions have been established in terms of translation strategies and quality control. In comparison, rearches in this field are far from enough in China. At prent, audiovisual products spri
ng up in great amount at the market, but their qualities are at quite different levels due to the lack of theoretical instructions and normalization. The function of subtitle is to maximally convey, under the constraints of time and space, the information of the oral speeches to the audience and achieve conversion of cultures at the same time. Skopos theory holds that translation should center on translation purpo, the translation standards should be multi-faceted and the multi-lateral relationships between the original author, translation initiator, translator and target readers should all be taken into consideration in the translation process. Meanwhile, the function of cross-cultural communication should be stresd. Obviously, Skopos theory can provide feasible theoretical instruction for subtitling. The translation strategies under the supervision of Skopos theory go beyond the limit of any single translation criterion. Skopos theory broadens the horizon of film translation by putting translation into a scope of dynamic actions that integrate the multi-lateral relationships between the film producer, translator, target audience, translation brief, time, space and medium. The products of translation should be evaluated by the purpo or Skopos achieved, not by the approaches employe
d. Therefore, Skopos theory can be considered as a feasible and scientific guideline to the translation of subtitles.
Ⅲ打架检讨书1000字. Skopos Theory
Skopos theory is an approach to translation propod in the late 1970s and early 1980s by Reiss and Vermeer. It stress the interactional, pragmatic aspects of translation, arguing that the shape of target text should above all be determined by the function or “skopos” that it is intended to fulfill in the target context.
Skopos theory es translation as a form of human action. Therefore, like any other forms of human action, translation has a purpo. And translating should be taken as a purpoful activity. The word “skopos”, derived from Greek, means nothing but “aim” or “purpo”, then, is a technical term for the aim or purpo of a translation (Vermeer 227).
A. Three stages
The development of functionalism goes through three stages: Katharina Reiss and the fu
nctional category of translation criticism, Hans J. Vermeer and Skopostheorie, Justa Holz-Manttari and the theory of translational action.
