2021北京东城高三一模
英语
2021.4 本试卷共 10页，共 100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结
束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Labrador has been doing an important job to help people stay safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Eight-year-old Roby runs through the streets of the hilly city of Medellin veral times a day with a 1 in his jaws, taking vegetables, fruit and packaged foods to customers of the Fresh4U mini-market.
“He helps us to maintain social distancing,” said Roby’ owner, Sh erry Botero. “And people 2 it when we nd the dog.” Roby enjoys eating carrots 3 to him by customers, a tip for bringing a basket of food.
Roby wasn’t always a star. He was accepted into the family 4 by Ms Botero after repeated requests by her son to 5 a dog.
But Ms Botero quickly 6 with the dog. And when she opened a mini-market four years ago, he started to accompany her to make deliveries.
Roby can’t read 7 . But he remembers the names of customers who have previously rewarded him with treats. And with some practice, he has learned to go to their hous on his own.
“He knows the names of five or six of our customers,” Ms Botero said, “So I nd the goods with a re
ceipt in the basket, and my customers 8 me through a bank transfer(转账；转移).”
Roby might not know that he’s become an 9 worker. But he is happy to help his owner and 10 his daily pay.
1. A. bag B. chain C. basket D. stick
2. A. respect B. love C. follow D. notice
3. A. gifted B. returned C. lent D. donated
4. A. intentionally B. regretfully C. immediately D. unwillingly
5. A. adopt B. train C. adore D. walk
6. A. got away B. kept in touch C. caught up D. fell in love
7. A. minds B. address C. numbers D. receipts
8. A. treat B. help C. pay D. impress
9. A. esntial B. honest C. optimistic D. adventurous
10. A. spend B. calculate C. collect D. increa
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Comets are among the most beautiful and interesting 11 (sight) in the univer. For centuries, people 12 (show) great interest in studying them. In 1682, Edmund Halley, an astronomer, noticed a comet that was especially bright and large. Bad on his calculations, Halley predicted that this bright comet would return in 1758 or 1759—this was about 75 years 13 he first saw the comet. The comet really returned on time and it was named “Halley’s C omet” in honor of Edmund Halley.
B
Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream. Looking around, she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping(急喘) for air, his 14 (frighten) mother begging for help. Emma rushed to the boy, 15 face had turned purple. “What’s wrong?” “A candy! In his throat!” It was lucky that Em
ma had learned how 16 (perform) the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法) at school. She acted quickly. Soon, the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again. He 17 (save) in time.
C
In Japan, the word bonsai means tray plant. It refers to the interesting 18 (combine) of art and the planting and growing of miniature trees and plants. Bonsai originated in China more than 2,000 years ago and 19 (spread) to Japan about 700 years ago. Some people believe that only small plants must be ud in bonsai, but this is not true. Nearly any type of tree or plant can be ud, as long as it is grown 20 a ed or a small cutting.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
我心中的党
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As part of our mission to inspire the next generation of scientists, inventors and engineers, the Science Muum Group (SMG) has launched an exciting new online game—Total Darkness.
Over the last year we have been developing Total Darkness with the aim of creating an experience that can have a positive impact on people’s attitudes towards STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths), as well as having a focus on lf-reflection, rather than asking players to recall specific facts or concepts.
Total Darkness is a digital storytelling experience which encourages young people to recogni how the skills they u every day relate to STEM and can help them develop their confidence in science thinking. The game invites the player to solve a mysterious power cut in their hometown. The game puts players in control, allowing their choices and decisions to guide them through the story.
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As the player navigates through the darkened streets of the town, equipped only with a torch, they wi
ll face various challenges. Using their curiosity, communication skills and creative problem solving, they will discover new theories about what might have caud the blackout(停电；断电). But with every step their torch fades, and the player must solve the mystery before the battery runs out.
The player’s choices and actions throughout the game will score them curiosity, creativity or communication points. At the end, the skills the player has ud will be revealed along with their science style, showing how they could put their skills into action in the real world.
Total Darkness is aimed at 8-15 year-olds—an important stage in t eens’ science development. Rearch shows that as teens make the step between primary and condary, many move away from an interest in science as other influences have a stronger pull in their lives.
Total Darkness is a free online game playable on smartphone, tablet and desktop. Play now at雾霾对人体的危害有哪些
totaldarkness.sciencemuum.uk.
21. Total Darkness aims to help players ______.
A. recall scientific concepts
B. better understand STEM
C. improve storytelling abilities
D. develop communication skills
22. What’s the key to getting points in Total Darkness?
A. Judgement.
B. Teamwork.
C. Equipment.
D. Gaming skills.
23. What is the main purpo of the passage?
A. To promote a new product.
数学小天才
B. T o introduce the SMG’s mission.
C. To explain the rules of an online game.
D. To emphasize the importance of STEM.
B
Nick Torrance, a junior in high school, suffers from muscular dystrophy(肌肉萎缩症), and attends school in a specialized wheelchair. The muscle dia prevents him from accomplishing many everyday tasks, such as carrying his
books and putting things away in his loc ker. So he had a fellow student assigned to help him. But Amy Smith, the school’s occupational therapist(治疗师), thought that being able to do something simple like opening his locker on his own would be empowering.
Amy initially thought they would be able to buy a device to help. But arching online turned up nothing that could meet their needs—everything needed a keycode or some other physical action, things her disabled student couldn’t do. After the outside arch for a method came up short, she looked within the school itlf for an answer. Amy turned to the school’s robotics instructor.
The instructor, in turn, suggested that two of his most capable students take on the project: Micah Stuhldreher and Wyatt Smrcka. They took first place in a national robotics competition, so they were 美女的头像
a natural choice to tackle the locker door problem with a robotics solution. Micah and Wyatt wasted no time getting down to work and for an hour each school day, the boys brainstormed, built, and rebuilt various versions of the device until they landed on the perfect solution one year later.
Like in any device development, it took a lot of trial and error for Micah and Wyatt to make something that would work for their target audience. For example, they initially built a locker-opening button, but Nick wasn’t strong enough to push it, so they replaced it with a nsor.
粉妆玉砌Now, between class Nick steers his electric wheelchair to his locker and waves his hand over a nsor on the arm of the wheelchair. A few conds later, the locker door swings open. Another wave clos the door. Nick can make it with ea—it may be a small thing, but it gives him a n of independence.
24. Why did Amy Smith want a device?
A. To increa her student’s confidence.
B. To encourage cooperation at school.
C. To inspire a robotics invention.
D. To help treat a muscle dia.
25. With a nsor in his wheelchair, Nick can ______.
A. move around easily
B. put his things away
C. continue his schooling
D. open and clo his locker
26. According to the passage, which words can best describe Micah and Wyatt?
A. Caring and passionate.
B. Talented and ambitious.
C. Sensitive and insightful.
D. Humble and warmhearted.
C
Vaccines(疫苗) may soon make their first film appearance. Led by expert Maria A. Croyle, rearchers have developed a thin sheet that prerves vaccines for long periods without refrigeration. This means the carefully cooled small bottles now ud to ship vaccines could potentially be replaced by lightweight films that can be mailed in an envelope and stored on a shelf.
扁桃体有什么用
Croyle’s laboratory began developing the technology in 2007. Inspired by amber’s ability to prerve the DNA of incts, the rearchers t out to create their own version of the substance by mixing “a lot of sugar and a little bit of salt, much like hard candy,” Croyle explains. The vaccine-containing film is administered by mouth—sweet news for many who dislike needles.
The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine candidate and provide a protective coating. “We’ve learned over time that the key to really stabilizing whatever the film holds is to have it intermixed with all the components,” Croyle says, adding that the process is quick and us affor dable, standard equipment. “We really wanted to come up with something that would be transferable to developing countries.”
Immunization(免疫) programs depend heavily on keeping vaccines cold(2℃-8℃) as they are transp
orted, sometimes over thousands of kilometers to far-away locations. Delivery can be difficult and costly, and transport disruptions can cau the vaccines to be ineffective.
But this new product can store live virus, bacteria and antibodies for veral months at 20℃. In a paper published in Science Advances, the scientists show that the live virus in one vaccine were prerved in the film even after 36 months. They also find that a flu vaccine suspended in their film compares favourably with a traditional flu shot(流感预防针). “The study demonstrates early proof of concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development,” says Lisa Rohan, a pharmacologist, who was not involved in the study. She also notes that each vaccine type would need a custom formulation(配方) for future stages of development.
Finding partners to mass-produce for clinical trials is the rearchers’ most pressing problem, Croyle says. They are also exploring packaging methods to keep their films stable up to 40℃.
Size is a major advantage—a letter-sized sheet of the film can carry more than 500 dos(剂) of vaccine, about 1⁄900 the weight of the same amount of traditional dos. By making it easier and cheaper to ship and prerve vaccines efficiently, Croyle says, the technology could vastly improve immunization rates the world over, particularly in middle- to low- income countries.
27. What can we learn about the film?
A. It contains animal’s DNA.
B. It will replace vaccines.
C. It comes in different flavours.
D. It can hold bio-products.
28. According to Paragraph 3, we can learn about the film’s ______.
A. key component
B. development schedule
C. possible advantages美不胜收的胜是什么意思
D. transportation requirements
29.The author mentions Lisa Rohan’s words to ______.
A. advi personalizing vaccines
B. suggest the product is promising
C. prove the study is supported widely
D. stress the functions of a new platform
30. What will be the next urgent task for Croyle’s team?
A. Advertising the film worldwide.
B. Improv ing the film’s capacity.
