Designation:A193/A193M–10a
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpo Applications1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation A193/A193M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the ca of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthes indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for u by agencies of the Department of Defen.
1.Scope*
1.1This specification2covers alloy and stainless steel bolt-ing for pressure vesls,valves,flanges,andfittings for high temperature or high pressure rvice,or other special purpo applications.See Specification A962/A962M for the definition of bolting.Bars and wire shall be hot-wrought and may be further procesd by centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be carbide solution treated or carbide solution treated and strain-hardened.When strain hardened austenitic steel is ordered,the purchar should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1is thoroughly under-stood.
1.2Several grades are covered,including ferritic steels and austenitic stainless steels designated B5,B8,and so forth. Selection will depend upon design,rvice conditions,me-chanical properties,and high temperature characteristics.
1.3The following referenced general requirements are in-dispensable for application of this specification:Specification A962/A962M.
N OTE1—The committee formulating this specification has included fifteen steel types that have been rather extensively ud for the prent purpo.Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent.
N OTE2—For grades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for u at the lower range of high temperature applications,reference should be made to Specification A354.
N OTE3—For grades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for u in low temperature applications,reference should be made to Specification A320/A320M.
1.4Nuts for u with bolting are covered in Section14.
1.5Supplementary Requirements are provided for u at the option of the purchar.The supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the purcha order or contract.元宵节吃汤圆作文
1.6This specification is expresd in both inch-pound units and in SI units;however,unless the purcha order or contract specifies the applicable M specification designation(SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply.
1.7The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded parately as standard.
Within the text,the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be ud independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:3
A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating(Hot-Dip)on Iron and Steel Hardware
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service,or Both
A320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Service
A354Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts,Studs,and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings,General Re-quirements
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for U at Any Temperature from Cryo-genic to the Creep Range
B633Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel
1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpo Applications.
Current edition approved May15,2010.Published June2010.Originally
approved in1936.Last previous edition approved in2010as A193/A193M–10. DOI:10.1520/A0193_A0193M-10a.
2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vesl Code applications,e related Specifi-cation SA-193in Section II of that Code.
3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm,or contact ASTM Customer Service at rvice@astm.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the st
andard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes ction appears at the end of this standard. Copyright(C)ASTM International.100Barr Harbor Drive P.O.Box C-700,West Conshohocken,Pennsylvania19428-2959,United States
B695Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-posited on Iron and Steel
B696Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically Deposited
B766Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cad-mium
E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terials
E21Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size E139Test Methods for Conducting Creep,Creep-Rupture,and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
E150Recommended Practice for Conducting Creep and Creep-Rupture Tension Tests of Metallic Materials Under Conditions of Rapid Heating and Short Times 4
E151Recommended Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating and Conventional or Rapid Strain Rates 4
E292Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
E328Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and Structures
E566Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current)Sorting of Ferrous Metals
E709Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
F606Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers,Direct Tension Indicators,and Rivets
F1940Test Method for Process Control Verification to Prevent Hydrogen Embrittlement in Plated or Coated Fasteners
F1941Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings on Threaded Fasteners (Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN/UNR))
F2329Specification for Zinc Coating,Hot-Dip,Require-ments for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,Screws,Washers,Nuts,and Special Threaded Fasteners 2.2ASME Standards:5
B18.2.1Square and Hex Bolts and Screws B18.2.3.1M Metric Hex Cap Screws
B18.3Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws B18.3.1M Metric Socket Head Cap Screws 2.3AIAG Standard:6
AIAG B-502.00Primary Metals Identification Tag Appli-cation Standard
3.General Requirements and Ordering Information
3.1The inquiry and orders shall include the following,as required,to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1Heat-treated condition (that is carbide solution treated (Class 1),carbide solution treated after finishing (Class 1A),and carbide solution treated and strain-hardened (Class 2,2B and 2C),for the
austenitic stainless steels;Class 1B and 1C apply to the carbide solution-treated nitrogen-bearing stainless steels;Class 1D applies to material carbide solution treated by cooling rapidly from the rolling temperature),
3.1.2Description of items required (that is,bars,bolts,screws,or studs),
3.1.3Nuts,if required by purchar,in accordance with 1
4.1,
3.1.4Supplementary requirements,if any,and
3.1.5Special requirements,in accordance with 7.1.5.1,7.2.6,9.1,1
4.1,and 1
5.1.
3.2Coatings —Coatings are prohibited unless specified by the purchar (See Supplementary Requirements S13and S14).When coated fasteners are ordered the purchar should take special care to ensure that Appendix X2is thoroughly under-stood.
4.Common Requirements
4.1Bolting supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A962/A962M .The require-ments include test methods,finish,thread dimensions,macro-etch (alloy steels only),marking,certification,optional supple-mentary requirements,and others.Failure to comply with the requirements of Specification A962/A962M constitutes non-conformance with this specification.In ca of conflict be-tween this specification and Specification A962/A962M ,this specification shall prevail.
5.Manufacture (Process)
5.1The steel shall be produced by any of the following process:open-hearth,basic-oxygen,electric-furnace,or vacuum-induction melting (VIM).The molten steel may be vacuum-treated prior to or during pouring of the ingot or strand casting.
5.2Quality —See Specification A962/A962M for require-ments.
6.Discard
6.1A sufficient discard shall be made to cure freedom from injurious piping and undue gregation.
7.Heat Treatment
7.1Ferritic Steels
7.1.1Ferritic steels shall be allowed to cool to a temperature below the cooling transformation range immediately after rolling or forging.Materials shall then be uniformly reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain (a group thus reheated being known as a quenching charge ),quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions for each quenching charge,and tempered.The minimum tempering temperature shall be as specified in Tables 2and 3.
4
Withdrawn.The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.5
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),ASME International Headquarters,Three Park Ave.,New York,NY 10016-5990,www.asme.6
Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG),26200Lahr Rd.,Suite 200,Southfield,MI 48033,
www.aiag.
TABLE1Chemical Requirements(Composition,percent)A
<.Ferritic Steels
<5%Chromium12%Chromium
S41000(410)
Range Product Variation,Range Product Variation
Over or Under B Over or Under B Carbon0.10min0.01under0.08–0.150.01over Mangane,max 1.000.03over 1.000.03over Phosphorus,max0.0400.005over0.0400.005over Sulfur,max0.0300.005over0.0300.005over Silicon 1.00max0.05over 1.00max0.05over Chromium 4.0–6.00.1011.5–13.50.15 Molybdenum0.40–0. Ferritic Steels
<.Chromium-Molybdenum C Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium
Product Variation,Product Variation,
Range Over or Under B Range Over or Under B Carbon0.37–0.49D0.020.36–0.470.02 Mangane0.65–1.100.040.45–0.700.03 Phosphorus,max0.0350.005over0.0350.005over Sulfur,max0.0400.005over0.0400.005over Silicon0.15–0.350.020.15–0.350.02
Chromium0.75–1.200.050.80–1.150.05 Molybdenum0.15–0.250.020.50–0.650.0.25–0.350.03 Aluminum,
Type Austenitic Steels,F Class1,1A,1D,and2
Grade..B8,B8A B8C,B8CA B8M,B8MA,B8M2,B8M3B8P,B8PA
S30400(304)S34700(347)S31600(316)S30500
Range Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Range泰国皇帝
Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Range
Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Range
Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Carbon,max0.080.01over0.080.01over0.080.01over0.120.01over Mangane,max 2.000.04over 2.
000.04over 2.000.04over 2.000.04over Phosphorus,max0.0450.010over0.0450.010over0.0450.010over0.0450.010over Sulfur,max0.0300.005over0.0300.005over0.0300.005over0.0300.005over Silicon,max 1.000.05over 1.000.05over 1.000.05over 1.000.05over Chromium18.0–20.00.2017.0–19.00.2016.0–18.00.2017.0–19.00.20 Nickel8.0–11.00.159.0–12.00.1510.0–14.00.1511.0–13.00. 2.00–3. Columbium+......10x tantalum content,min;
1.10max
......
S30451(304N)S31651(316N)S31254
Range Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Range
Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Range Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Carbon,max0.080.01over0.080.01over0.0200.005over Mangane,max 2.000.04over 2.000.04over 1.000.03over Phosphorus,max0.0450.010over0.0450.010over0.0300.005over Sulfur,max0.0300.005over0.0300.005over0.0100.002over Silicon,max 1.000.05over 1.000.05over0.800.05over Chromium18.0–20.00.2016.0–18.00.2019.5–20.50.20 Nickel8.0–11.00.1510.0–13.00.1517.5–18.50. 2.00–3.000.10 6.0–6.50.10 Nitrogen0.10–0.160.010.10–0.160.010.18–0.220.0.50–
Austenitic Steels F,Class1,1A,B8T,B8TA
S32100(321)
Range Product Variation, Over or Under B
Carbon,max0.080.01over Mangane,max 2.000.04over Phosphorus,max0.0450.010over Sulfur,max0.0300.005over Silicon,max 1.000.05over Chromium17.0–19.00.20 Nickel9.0–12.00.15 Titanium5x(C+N)min,0.70max0.05under
Type Austenitic Steels F,Class1C and1D
Grade B8R,B8RA B8S,B8SA
UNS Designation S20910S21800
Range Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Range
Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Carbon,max0.060.01over0.100.01over Mangane 4.0–6.00.057.0–9.00.06 Phosphorus,max0.0450.005over0.0600.005over Sulfur,max0.0300.005over0.0300.005over Silicon 1.00max0.05over 3.5–4.50.15 Chromium20.5–23.50.2516.0–18.00.20 Nickel11.5–13.50.158.0–9.00.10 Molybdenum 1.50–3. Nitrogen0.20–0.400.020.08–0.180.01 Columbium+tantalum0.10–0. Vanadium0.10–0.
Type Austenitic Steels F,Class1,1A and1D
Grade B8LN,B8LNA B8MLN,B8MLNA
UNS Designation S30453S31653
Range Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Range
Product Variation,
Over or Under B
Carbon,max0.0300.005over0.0300.005over
Mangane 2.000.04over 2.000.04over
Phosphorus,max0.0450.010over0.0450.010over
Sulfur,max0.0300.005over0.0300.005over
Silicon 1.000.05over 1.000.05over
Chromium18.0–20.00.2016.0–18.00.20
Nickel8.0–11.00.1510.0–13.00. 2.00–3.000.10
Nitrogen0.10–0.160.010.10–0.160.01
A The intentional addition of Bi,Se,Te,and Pb is not permitted.
B Product analysis—Individual determinations sometimes vary from the specified limits on ranges as shown in the tables.The veral determinations of any individual element in a heat may not vary both above and below the specified range.
C Typical steel compositions ud for this grade include4140,4142,4145,4140H,4142H,and4145H.
D For bar sizes over31⁄2in.[90mm],inclusive,the carbon content may be0.50%,max.For the B7M grade,a minimum carbon content of0.28%is permitted,provided that the required tensile properties are met in the ction sizes involved;the u of AISI4130or4130H is allowed.
E Total of soluble and insoluble.
F Class1and1D are solution treated.Class1,1B,and some1C(B8R and B8S)products are made from solution treated material.Class1A(B8A,B8CA,B8MA, B8PA,B8TA,B8LNA,B8MLNA,B8NA,and B8MNA)and some Class1C(B9RA and B8SA)products are solution treated in thefinished condition.Class2products are solution treated and strain hardened.
TABLE 2Mechanical Requirements —Inch Products
Grade Diameter,in.
Minimum Tempering Temperature,
°F Tensile Strength,min,ksi
Yield Strength,min,0.2%offt,ksi
Elongation in 4D,min,%Reduction of Area,min,%
Hardness,
max
Ferritic Steels
B5商务的英语
4to 6%chromium
up to 4,B6
13%chromium
up to 4,incl 1100110851550 (6)
13%chromium
up to 4,incl 11009070165026HRC B7
Chromium-molybdenum孤立语言
21⁄2and under 11001251051650321HB or 35HRC over 21⁄2to 41100115951650321HB or 35HRC over 4to 7
1100100751850321HB or 35HRC B7M A Chromium-molybdenum 4and under 1150100801850235HB or 99HRB over 4to 7
1150贤良方正
100
75
18
50
235BHN or 99HRB B16
Chromium-molybdenum-vanadium
21⁄2and under 12001251051850321HB or 35HRC over 21⁄2to 41200110951745321HB or 35HRC over 4to 8
1200
100
85
16
45
321HB or 35HRC
Grade,Diameter,in.Heat Treatment B
Tensile Strength,min,ksi
Yield Strength,min,0.2%offt,ksi
Elongation in 4D,min %Reduction of Area,min %燕京理工学院是几本
Hardness,
max
Austenitic Steels
Class 1and 1D;B8,B8M,B8P ,B8LN,
carbide solution treated
75
30
30
50
223HB or 96HRB C
B8MLN,all diameters Class 1:B8C,B8T,all diameters
carbide solution treated
75303050223HB or 96HRB C Class 1A:B8A,B8CA,B8MA,B8PA,B8TA,B8LNA,B8MLNA,B8NA,B8MNA
B8MLCuNA,all diameters
carbide solution treated in the finished condition
75
30
30
50
192HB or 90HRB
Class 1B and 1D:B8N,B8MN,carbide solution treated
80353040223HB or 96HRB C B8MLCuN,all diameters Class 1C and 1D:B8R,all diameters
carbide solution treated 100553555271HB or 28HRC Class 1C:B8RA,all diameters carbide solution treated in the finished
condition 100
55
35
55
271HB or 28HRC
Class 1C and 1D:B8S,all diameters
carbide solution treated
95503555271HB or 28HRC Class 1C:B8SA,
carbide solution treated in the finished 95503555271HB or 28HRC all diameters
condition
Class 2:B8,B8C,B8P ,B8T,B8N,D
3⁄4and under
carbide solution treated and strain hardened
125
100
12
35
321HB or 35HRC
over 3⁄4to 1,incl 115801535321HB or 35HRC over 1to 11⁄4,incl 105652035321HB or 35HRC over 11⁄4to 11⁄2,incl 100
无条件的爱
502845321HB or 35HRC Class 2:B8M,B8MN,B8MLCuN D 3⁄4and under
carbide solution treated and strain hardened
婚礼殿堂110951545321HB or 35HRC over 3⁄4to 1incl 100802045321HB or 35HRC Over 1to 11⁄4,incl 95652545321HB or 35HRC over 11⁄4to 11⁄2,incl 90503045321HB or 35HRC Class 2B:B8,B8M2D 2and under
carbide solution treated and strain hardened
95752540321
HB
or 35HRC
over 2to 21⁄2incl
90
65
30
40
321HB or 35
HRC
