课程主题 | 十一选十 | ||||
学习目标 | 1. 掌握十一选十的考试要求 2. 掌握十一选十的解题技巧 | ||||
教学内容 | |||||
知识精讲： 十一选十解题技巧 （1）判断词性的技巧 语法知识是解词汇理解题的基础，所以需要根据空格的前后来决定所填词的词性以及应填的正确选项这时候需要运用一些简单的语法知识确定答案。 ① 确定空格为名词 i. a /an/the+n. , adj.+n. , vt.+n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词； ii. n.+v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)； iii. prep.+n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。微信收不到消息 ② 确定空格为动词 i. n./pron. vt. n./pron., 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词； ii. n./pron. vi. , 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词； iii. n./pron. vi. adv./prep., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后是副词/介词，空格处应填不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配； iv.n./pron. link v./be. adj., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词； v. to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。 ③ 确定空格为形容词 i. adj.+n. 或n.+adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词； ii. adv.+adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词； iii. link/be v.+adj., 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。 ④ 确定空格为副词 i. adv.+v. 或v.+adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词； 路由追踪ii. adv.+adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。 （2）利用逻辑关系词确定答案 在篇章词汇理解题目中，文章的逻辑关系对于考生把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的逻辑关系通过一些逻辑关系词体现的，考生可以通过逻辑关系词来确定出一些答案。常见的逻辑关系词如下： ① 并列关系：and, or, as well as 等。 ② 对比关系：but, however, on the contrary, rather than 等。 ③ 比较关系：as…as, like, similar 等。 ④ 因果关系：becau, for, since, as a result of, therefore, thus 等。 ⑤ 举例关系：for example, for instance, such as, and so on 等。 ⑥ 递进关系：and, what’s more, moreover, in addition 等。 （3）比较填词 将词性分类后，如何确定哪个选项是正确答案呢？这就需要进行选项间的比较，比较同词性的词汇哪一个是最佳答案。这时候可以通过词义判断(即通过同词性词汇的中文意思是否符合文章的整体意思，由此判断是不是最合适的选项)和逻辑判断(即根据文章的逻辑顺序和逻辑结构，确定同词性的词汇中的哪个是最佳答案)两种方法确定答案。 案例解析： A. status B. relevantly C. rerves D. highlighting E. population F. estimated G. downgraded H. driving I. critically J. enforced K. rever Good news for giant panda lovers: the cute and cuddly creature has just been brought back from the edge of extinction. The International Union for Conrvation of Nature (IUCN) __31__the species from “endangered” to “vulnerable” as the union relead its updated Red List on Sept. 4 at Hawaii with their __32__ growing by 17 percent in the decade leading up to 2014. Chine conrvation efforts, including forest protection and reforestation, are considered to be the __33__ force behind the animal’s re-prosperity. The number of panda __34__ in China has also jumped to 67, from 13 in 1992. Nearly two-thirds of all wild pandas live there. Restoring the panda’s habitat has given them back their space with food available to them. Apart from giant pandas, the Tibetan Antelope has also moved from “endangered” to “near threatened”. According to a statement from IUCN, the animal’s numbers have shrunk verely – dropping from around 1 million to a(n) __35__ 65,000–72,500 in the 1980s and early 1990s – due to commercial poaching (偷猎). Rigorous protection has since been __36__ to protect the beasts and the population is now likely to be between 100,000 and 150,000. Despite the improved __37__, wild animals like the giant panda and the Tibetan Antelope still face great challenges. The IUCN warned, for example, that ongoing threats from climate change could eliminate more than 35 percent of the panda’s bamboo habitat in the next 80 years, which would __38__ the species recent gains. Good progress has been made but there is still work to do. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is devoted to __39__ species from around the world and their status in relation to their risk of extinction. The list currently has eight categories, including extinct, extinct in the wild, __40__ endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near threatened, least concern and data deficient. The categories are bad on criteria relating to population trends, size and structure, and geographic range. 答案： GEHCF JAKDI 先分析所给词的词性、词义 A.status n. 状况，身份，情形，重要地位 B.relevantly adv. 贴切地，得要领地 C.rerves n. 储量，保护区 v 保留，预定，推迟 D.highlighting V-ing 强调，重点标记 E.population n. 人口 F.estimated v 评估的过去式和过去分词 adj. 估计的，预计的 G.downgraded v过去式及过去动词，使降低 H.driving ving 驱使，消除 n. 操纵，驾驶 I.critically adv. 批判地，危急地，严重地 J.enforced adj. 强迫的 v动词过去式及过去分词：实施，执行 K.rever v 使反转，使颠倒； adj. 反面的，颠倒的 n. 倒转 文章主旨大意：分析熊猫及其他濒危动物处境改观的原因 31. 句中缺谓语动词，一定填谓语动词，且时间发生在过去，再根据endangered to vulnerable 应该是降低了危险级别选 G 32. their+n 意义___增加了17%, 应为数量 选E 33. 本段分析状况变化的原因， the _____ force 应填adj 修饰n 驱动力 选H 34. the number of panda_____ in China. 熊猫____的数量，后文提到熊猫住在那里和panda’s habitat 应选C 邮件查询35. 本段讲藏羚羊的情况也有所改观 an______ 65,000-72,500, 填adj 修饰数字，应为大概的，估计的，选F 36. has been ____to protect, 此处明显应该填过去分词，实施了严格的保护措施。选J 37. 此段讲虽然情况有所好转，但情况依然严峻。the improved_____, 前文有提到数量的提升，所以选名词 A 38. 句子缺谓语动词且在情态动词后用动词原形。 选K 39. be devoted to ving 意思为强调其重要性 选D 40. _________endangered. 应填adv 修饰adj, 八种动物保护等级中的一种，接近危险 选I。 当堂一测： 【2018-2019学年上海中学高三第一学期摸底考试试卷分析】 The Peter Principle is a concept in management developed by Laurence J. Peter, which obrves that people in a hierarchy（等级制度）tend to ri to their＂level of incompetence（不胜任）” words, an employee is promoted bad on their success in (31)_____________ jobs until they reach a level at which they are no longer competent, as skills in one job do not necessarily (32)_____________ to another. The concept was explained in the 1969 book The Peter Principle by Lawrence J. Peter and Raymond Hull. The book is old-fashioned in some ways, yet the books main ideas remain as (33)_____________ to running and working in an organization today as they were forty years ago. None of this would have surprid Dr Peter, who described his ideas as (34)_____________ facts of organizational life. "Incompetence, "he argued, knows no (35)_____________ of time or place. "Dr. Peter obrved that one reason why so many employees are incompetent is that the skills required to get a job often have nothing to do with what is required to do the job itlf. Many organizations, however, u such standards to lect new leaders-yet devote little or no attention to their (36)_____________ skills. They often end up with terrible leaders and lo their best individual performers. The Peter Principle also offers many promising ideas that have yet to be studied carefully. I would be curious, for instance, to e rearch on Dr. Peters statement that (37)_____________ is happiness. Peter contends that many employees never realize they have reached their level of incompetence, which he propos is good for an employee becau "he keeps perpetually busy, never los his expectation of further promotion, and so remains happy and healthy, "His words (38)_____________with numerous experts who advi employees to face "brutal truths"and "hard facts. " The idea behind most employee performance evaluations is that, if you give employees accurate feedback about their (39)_____________, they will be motivated to perform better. Dr. Peter us entirely different logic. He claims that many employees in every organization have rin to their level of incompetence and organizations rarely fire incompetent people. Following this logic, performance asssments given to people who are stuck in their "final position" might best be ud to (40)_____________ their delusions of competence. 【答案】31-40GHDAB KEFIC 【解析】 31：G这一空根据后面的名词可以判断空处应该是填形容词，根据后面的jobs和句意，应该选G，指先前的工作中取得的成就。 32 ：H这一空根据上文do not necessarily判断此空要填一个动词原形，根据句意选择H, 表示当工作里的掌握的技巧不必翻译给其他人。 33.：D根据前面的系动词，确定这里应该填一个形容词。remain/be relevant to表示与……有关，相关，故选D。 34：A由上下文和后面的名词可以判断空处应该是填形容词，根据句意选择A。 35.：B根据上文确定这里缺名词，这里指不能胜任的情况不受时间和地点的阻碍，即不分时间和地点，故选B。 36：K由后面的名词可以判断空处应该是填形容词或名词，根据句意选择K。 37:E根据上下文这里缺主语，需要一个名词，且根据下文"he keeps perpetually busy, never los his expectation of further promotion, and so remains happy and healthy, "可知，忽视，不在意自己的能力不足，会让人快乐。 38：F根据句意，这里缺一个动词，conflict with指与……有冲突，这里指Dr. Peters的话与众多专家建议员工要面对“残酷的现实”的建议相悖。 39：I由这一空前面的their判断这一空缺名词，根据句意是指如果老板能针对员工的弱点不足给出准确的反馈，他们就会在工作中更有动力去提升自己。故选I。 40：C由上文搭配，be ud to do判断这里填动词原形，根据句意，选择C。 【上海市松江区松江二中2016学年高二上开学英语试卷】 Throughout the 20th century,Japane towns and cities grew ___46___.Today about 80 percent of the Japane people live in urban areas. The growth of towns and cities,called urbanization（城市化）,happens in two ways. One way is ___47___ rural-urban migration,when people move to the city from the country. As cities prosper and grow,industries and rvices that ___48___ many people both as workers and consumers grow to meet the ___49___ of the increasing population.New industries and rvices emerge to support the growing business,and the region experiences an upward spiral of growth. The urban areas on the Japane island of Honshu（本州岛）continue to grow ___50___ they attract more people,industries and business.The urban areas contain nearly two-thirds of Japan’s population and manufacturing.City suburbs are ___51___ in the rural spaces between the towns and cities,and Japan’s efficient and fast transportation system links them all. Four ___52___ cities on Honshu-Tokyo Kawasaki（川崎）,Chiba（千叶），and Yokohama(横滨）have grown together into one of Japan’s largest urban areas.Two other large urban areas have ___53___ on Honshu.The area around the city of Nagoya(名古屋）forms one,and the cities of Osaka（大阪），Kyoto and Kobe（神户）from the other.At the ___54___ time,the three areas are growing toward one another to form one long ,enormous urban area.A single urban system this large is called a megalopolis.This Japane megalopolis on Honshu,stretching form Tokyo in the east ___55___ the way to Kobe in the west,is called the Tokaido（东海道）megalopolis. 【答案】46—55 D H B J A C E FKI 【解析】 46：D 此处应填一个副词表明发展的很快，故选D. 47：H 一种方法是通过农村和城市的移民，故选H. 48：B 此处缺一个谓语，根据句意，故选B. 49：J 此处考查固定搭配，meet the needs of满足...的需求，故选J. 50：A 此处连接两个句子，应用连词，且根据句意，故选A. 51：C此处应填一个形容词，根据句意，城市郊区布满在城市和农村中间，故选C. 52：E 此处应填一个形容词，根据句意，四个主要的城市，故选E. 53：F 此处与上文“grown”对应，故选F. 54:K 此处考查固定搭配，at the prent time,故选K. 55：I 此处不缺充分，故用along the way, 沿途... 故选I. 【上师大附中2016学年第一学期高二年级模拟考试】
What _____49____the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of the are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 50 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 51 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 52 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.仪表美 Any rearch that suggests that ability to perform certain behaviors are bad in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are ___53_____to what you can achieve bad on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as x, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 54 they are, or what career they are likely to choo? A concern of psychological scientists is the extent to which all of the characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment._____55______, science indicates that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 56 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already ____57_____, but the way it 58 appears can vary bad on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. 余秋雨文化苦旅【答案】HCJAK DEFGI 【解析】 49:H 此处缺谓语，故选一个动词，根据句意，是什么决定了你是一个什么样的人故选H. 50:C 此处应填一个形容词，根据句意养育你的环境，故选C. 51:J 此处应填一个形容词，根据后面的genetics,可知应用psychological表示心理上的，故选J. 52:A 此处应填一个名词，根据句意，行为遗传对生物革命起了贡献作用，故选A. 53:K 此处应填一个名词，根据句意，可知选K. 54: D 此处应填一个形容词，根据句意，可知选D. 55:E 此处应填一个副词，根据文中逻辑关系，可知用最终，故选E. 56:F 此处应填一个副词，根据句意，故选F. 57:G 此处应填一个形容词，根据句意，可知这个照片是早已拍摄好的，故选G. 58:I 此处应填一个副词，根据句意，可知选I. 课后作业： . Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word that best fits each other. （A） In late November 2013, someone tied a year-old dog to the back of an old-model Ford white pickup truck in Marietta, South Carolina and deliberately dragged her around; witness 25 (spot)the driver and puppy near Wildwood Road and Geer Highway. Eventually the rope broke, but not before the dog suffered heartbreaking injuries. This story could have ended tragically, but at the exact moment 26 authorities brought her to a Greenville vet to be euthanized (安乐死）, an animal rescue volunteer Cynthia Seracino happened to be 27 up another dog in the office—and a viral campaign began. Seracino works with a group called SNARR, which 28 (stand) Special Needs Animal Rescue and Rehabilitation, an organization with headquarters in Louisiana and New York, and networks all over the country. She texted SNARR’s New York head, Courtney Bellew, who jumped on the phone. “I spoke to the vet and asked if she was suffering or if he felt she had a good chance for a good quality of life,” Bellew says. “He said that although treatment 29 (be) very expensive, he thought she could recover.” SNARR committed to treatment for the puppy—which so far has included surgery for soft tissue wounds, dressing for degloved paws, intravenous antibiotics, a transfusion, and painkillers. Now 30 (name) Andra Grace (the name Andra chon for its meaning of strength and courage), the healing pup has a Facebook page, Justice for Andra Grace, 31 gathered more than 37,000 likes from around the world, and has had more than $15,000 32 (rai) for her care through small, individual donations. Despite her ordeal, Andra Grace remains sweet and gentle-natured, and her vets remain optimistic about her recovery. (B) Conversation is an important part of life to everyone. However some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger (33) ______ ______ a fear of not having anything interesting to say. Fear of rejection is also a reason for keeping silent. Small talk in a conversation can rve as a way of warming up and getting to know each other. Most people, (34) ______ ______ ______ successful they are at work, will find the process of making small talk uncomfortable, even pointless. However, you (35) ______ (have) a pretty small world if you refu to let others in. Starting off with (36) ______ usual comment or question will make others comfortable, and even just greeting them with a simple “hello” will often be enough. Once you have made the first move, there is no turning back. You need to keep things going before you can gracefully say goodbye. Think about what you would like to share with a new friend and that is (37) ______ you can ask the other person about. Work, family, hobbies or interests are some general points of discussion. (38) ______ (keep) the ball rolling, you can show that you are really interested in what they are saying. Once you find common points of interest, things will definitely take off from there. Small talk (39) ______ turn out to be a pleasant experience. The conversation should be brief and casual without turning into a long and boring discussion. Do not let yourlf control the conversation. Let (40) ______ talk too. Stop worrying about how big of a fool you may appear to be. You may even find out later on that you have the “talent” of getting people to open up to you by engaging them in small talk. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be ud once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
People rarely feel as helpless as they do when attacked by the threat of vere storms. There is nothing that can prevent a hurricane (飓风) or tornado from causing destruction if it reaches a 41 area. History offers numerous examples of storms that have destroyed large numbers of homes and killed many people. But today things are not as 42 as they were in the past. By studying the conditions that cau storms, weather forecasters are better able to predict them and give people in their paths the warning needed in 43 to keep away from tragedy. A storm is 44 as a sudden, extreme change in the normal conditions of Earth’s atmosphere. Examples include a large flood of moisture (湿气) or a sharp increa in wind speed. The types of 45 are generally caud by a dramatic change in air pressure. In fact, air pressure often affects weather more than any other factors. 好看的桌面壁纸Hurricanes are somewhat 46 to tornadoes becau both produce atmospheric vortices. Vortices are cone-shaped depression (低气压) of high-speed winds that can cau a large lot of 47 if they touch the ground. When a storm 48 shore, it brings not only fierce winds but also large amounts of ocean water. Storms require moisture to exist, so they quickly 49 over land. As the storm dies, it creates large thunderclouds that can cau heavy rain, thunder, lightning, and flooding. Tornadoes can also form from the breakup of storms and are often one of their most dangerous 50 . Key: II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 25.Spotted 26. when 27.to be picking 28. stands 29.would be 30. named 31.which 32. raid 33. becau of 34. no matter how 35. will have 36. a 37. what 38. To keep 39. can/may/ could 40. Others紫菜包饭怎么做 Section B 41-50: IHAFJ BCGDK III. Reading Comprehension Section A 51-65: CBDDC CAABC ADBBD 预习思考： 整理十一选十的高频单词，下节课互相分享 | |||||
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