没入团可以入党吗施⼯合同履⾏过程中，业主取消合同中部分⼯程，承包商
的索赔可否包含利润？
⽹友提问：
我想咨询⼀个国际⼯程合同的问题。我公司在中东有⼀个在建⼯程，合同完成将近⼀半的时候，业主取消了部分⼯程，我公司随后提出了费⽤和利润的索赔。但⼯程师给我们回函说，“in FIDIC 1999 version, definition of "cost" under sub-clau 1.1.4.3 does not include profit. So, for general variations under Clau 1.2.4, the Contractor is entitled to recover the cost
only.（在1999版fidic合同⽂本中，费⽤的定义不包含利润，依照12.4款承包商仅有权主张费⽤。）”我们的问题是，我公司与业主之间的合同（FIDIC红⽪书）12.4款约定：“Whenever the omission of any work forms part (or all) of a Variation, the value of which has not been agreed, if:(a) the Contractor will incur (or has incurred) cost which, if the work had not been omitted, would have been deemed to be covered by a sum forming part of the Accepted Contract Amount; (b) the omission of the work will result (or has resulted) in this sum not forming part of the Contract Price; and (c) this cost is not deemed to be included in the evaluation of any substituted work; then the Contractor shall give notice to the Engineer accordingly, with supporting particulars. Upon receiving this notice, the Engineer shall
proceed in accordance with Sub-Clau 3.5 [Determinations] to agree or determine this cost, which shall be included in the Contract Price（当对任何⼯作的删减构成变更的部分（或全部）且对其价值未达成⼀致时，如果：(a) 该⼯作未被删减，承包商将招致（或已经招致）费⽤，本应包含在中标合同⾦额的某部分款额之中； (b) 该⼯作的删减将导致（或已经导致）这笔⾦额不构成部分合同价格；以及 (c) 这笔费⽤并不被认为包含在任何替代⼯作的估价之中；承包商应随即向⼯程师发出通知，并附具体的证明资料。在接到通知后，⼯程师应依据第3.5款[决定]，对此费⽤作出商定或决定，并将之加⼊合同价格）”，同时合同1.1.4.3 款对"费⽤"的定义是“Cost means all expenditure reasonably incurred (or to be incurred) by the Contractor, whether on or off the Site, including overhead and similar charges, but does not include profit（“费⽤”指承包商在现场内或现场外正当发⽣(或将要发⽣)的所有开⽀，包括管理费和类似⽀出，但不包括利润）”，我们可否索赔利润？
水晶头接法顺序
回复：
⾸先，fidic红⽪书13.1款 d项的规定，⼯程删减属于变更的情形之⼀。该合同13.3款c项规定，如果发⽣⼯程变更，需由承包商提交对变更估价的建议书。⽽依照12.3款b的规定，对于第13条约定的变更的估价，如果合同已约定该项⼯作的费率或者价格的，依照合同约定的费率或者价格进⾏；如果没有约定该项⼯作的费率或者价格，也没有类似⼯作的费率或者价格的，那就要按照成本加合理利润的原则重新确定费率或者价格。因此，你的问题中提到的⼯程删减，如果构成⼀项变更，依据合同你公司
可以索赔利润。
其次，关于fidic红⽪书12.4款中的费⽤，你可以仔细看看合同英⽂版原⽂，该款中的”cost”使⽤的并⾮是定义的含义。因
为FIDIC合同中使⽤定义含义的术语⾸个字母需⼤写（day、year两个定义除外），故此cost⾮彼Cost。在FIDIC红⽪书中，有些词虽然已作定义，但在某些条款中仍按普通词使⽤。如，1.1.6.8款[不可预见]⼀词，在7.6款[修复⼯作]c项作普通
词；1.1.4.12款[报表]⼀词，在13.6款[计⽇⼯] 最后⼀段作特定术语，⽽在第三段则作普通词；1.1.6.2款[⼯程所在国（Country）]⼀词，在1.4款[法律和语⾔]、4.2款[履约担保]等条款中作普通词“国家”理解。
同时，你应该注意到，12.4款a项已指明” cost ……would have been deemed to be covered by a sum forming part of the Accepted Contract Amount（费⽤本应包含在中标合同⾦额之中）”，⽽“中标合同⾦额”是1.1.4.1款定义的术语，是指业主在中标函中对实施、完成和修补⼯程所认可的⾦额，该⾦额作为承包商的报价显然包含利润。
在国内类似问题也是可以索赔利润的。《标准施⼯招标⽂件》合同通⽤条款15.1款、15.4款规定，“除
专⽤合同条款另有约定外，在履⾏合同中发⽣以下情形之⼀，应按照本条规定进⾏变更。(1）取消合同中任何⼀项⼯作，但被取消的⼯作不能转由发包⼈或其他⼈实施……”“除专⽤合同条款另有约定外，因变更引起的价格调整按照本款约定处理。⼰标价⼯程量清单中有适⽤于变更⼯作的⼦⽬的，采⽤该⼦⽬的单价。⼰标价⼯程量清单中⽆适⽤于变更⼯作的⼦⽬，但有类似⼦⽬的，可在合理范围内参照类似⼦⽬的单价，由监理⼈按第3.5 款商定或确定变更⼯作的单价。⼰标价⼯程量清单中⽆适⽤或类似⼦⽬的单价，可按照成本加利润的原则，由监理⼈按第3. 5 款商定或确定变更⼯作的单价。”《建设⼯程施⼯合同（GF—2013—
0201）》10.1款、10.4款规定，“除专⽤合同条款另有约定外，合同履⾏过程中发⽣以下情形的，应按照本条约定进⾏变更：……（2）取消合同中任何⼯作，但转由他⼈实施的⼯作除外……”“除专⽤合同条款另有约定外，变更估价按照本款约定处理：（1）已标价⼯程量清单或预算书有相同项⽬的，按照相同项⽬单价认定；（2）已标价⼯程量清单或预算书中⽆相同项⽬，但有类似项⽬的，参照类似项⽬的单价认定；（3）变更导致实际完成的变更⼯程量与已标价⼯程量清单或预算书中列明的该项⽬⼯程量的变化幅度超过15%的，或已标价⼯程量清单或预算书中⽆相同项⽬及类似项⽬单价的，按照合理的成本与利润构成的原则，由合同当事⼈按照第4.4款〔商定或确定〕确定变更⼯作的单价。”
以上，供参考。
奕组词附：fidic红⽪书相关条款
13.1 变更权
13.1 Right to Vary
在颁发⼯程接收证书前的任何时间，⼯程师可通过发布指⽰或以要求承包商递交建议书的⽅式，提出变更。
娃娃菜的功效
Variations may be initiated by the Engineer at any time prior to issuing the Taking-Over Certificate for the Works, either by an instruction or by a request for the Contractor to submit a proposal.
承包商应执⾏每项变更并受每项变更的约束，除⾮承包商马上通知⼯程师（并附具体的证明资料）并说明承包商⽆法得到变更所需的货物。在接到此通知后，⼯程师应取消、确认或修改指⽰。
The Contractor shall execute and be bound by each Variation, unless the Contractor promptly gives notice to the Engineer stating (with supporting particulars) that the Contractor cannot readily obtain the Goods required for the Variation. Upon receiving this notice, the Engineer shall cancel, confirm or vary the instruction.
faker劫每项变更可包括：
Each Variation may include:
(a) 对合同中任何⼯作的⼯程量的改变（此类改变并不⼀定必然构成变更）；
(a) changes to the quantities of any item of work included in the Contract (however, such changes do not necessarily constitute a Variation),
(b) 任何⼯作质量或其他特性上的变更；
(b) changes to the quality and other characteristics of any item of work,千开头的成语
(c) ⼯程任何部分标⾼、位置和(或)尺⼨上的改变；
(c) changes to the levels, positions and/or dimensions of any part of the Works,
(d) 省略任何⼯作，除⾮它要交由他⼈完成；
(d) omission of any work unless it is to be carried out by others,
(e) 永久⼯程所必需的任何附加⼯作、永久设备、材料或服务，包括任何联合竣⼯检验、钻孔和其他检验以及勘察⼯作，或(e) any additional work, Plant, Materials or rvices necessary for the Permanent Works, including any associated Tests on Completion, boreholes and other testing and exploratory work, or
(f) ⼯程的实施顺序或时间安排的改变。
承包商不应对永久⼯程作任何更改或修改，除⾮且直到⼯程师发出指⽰或同意变更。
The Contractor shall not make any alteration and/or modification of the Permanent Works, unless and until the Engineer instructs or approves a Variation.
13.3 变更程序
13.3 Variation Procedure
如果⼯程师在发布任何变更指⽰之前要求承包商提交⼀份建议书，则承包商应尽快作出书⾯反应，要么说明理由为何不能遵守指⽰（如果未遵守时），要么提交：
If the Engineer requests a proposal, prior to instructing a Variation, the Contractor shall respond in writing as soon as practicable, either by giving reasons why he cannot comply (if this is the ca) or by submitting:
(a) 将要实施的⼯作的说明书以及该⼯作实施的进度计划，
(a) a description of the propod work to be performed and a programme for its execution,
(b) 承包商依据第8.3款对进度计划和竣⼯时间作出任何必要修改的建议书，以及
(b) the Contractor's proposal for any necessary modifications to the programme according to Sub-Clau 8.3 [Programme] and to the Time for Completion, and
(c) 承包商对变更估价的建议书。
(c) the Contractor's proposal for evaluation of the Variation
⼯程师在接到上述建议后（依据第13.2款【价值⼯程】或其它规定），应尽快予以答复，说明批准与否或提出意见。在等待答复期间，承包商不应延误任何⼯作。
The Engineer shall, as soon as practicable after receiving such proposal (under Sub-Clau 13.2 [value Engineering] or otherwi), respond with approval, disapproval or comments. The Contractor shall not delay any work whilst awaiting a respon.
⼯程师应向承包商发出每⼀项实施变更的指⽰，并要求其记录费⽤，承包商应确认收到该指⽰。
Each instruction to execute a Variation, with any requirements for the recording of Costs, shall be issued by the Engineer to the Contractor, who shall acknowledge receipt.
每⼀项变更应依据第12款【测量与估价】进⾏估价，除⾮⼯程师依据本款另外作出指⽰或批准。
十堰外国语学校
Each Variation shall be evaluated in accordance with Clau 12 [Measurement and Evaluation], unless the Engineer instructs or approves otherwi in accordance with this Clau.
12.3 估价
12.3 Evaluation
除⾮合同中另有规定，⼯程师应通过对每⼀项⼯作的估价，根据第3.5款【决定】，商定或决定合同价格。每项⼯作的估价是⽤依据上述第12.1款和第12.2款商定或决定的测量数据乘以此项⼯作的相应价格费率或价格得到的。
Except as otherwi stated in the Contract, the Engineer shall proceed in accordance with Sub-Clau 3.5 [Determinations] to agree or determine the Contract Price by evaluating each item of work, applying the measurement agreed or determined in accordance with the above Sub-Claus 12.1 and 12.2 and the appropriate rate or price for the item.
对每⼀项⼯作，该项合适的费率或价格应该是合同中对此项⼯作规定的费率或价格，或者如果没有该项，则为对其类似⼯作所规定的费率或价格。但是在下列情况下，对这⼀项⼯作规定新的费率或价格
将是合适的：
For each item of work, the appropriate rate or price for the item shall be the rate or price specified for such item in the Contract or, if there is no such item, specified for similar work. However, a new rate or price shall be appropriate for an item of work if: (a) (i) 如果此项⼯作实际测量的⼯程量⽐⼯程量表或其他报表中规定的⼯程量的变动⼤于10％；
(i)the measured quantity of the item is changed by ore than 10% from the quantity of this item in the Bill of Quantities or other Schedule,
(ii) ⼯程量的变更与对该项⼯作规定的具体费率的乘积超过了接受的合同款额的0.01％；
钟世才
(ii) This change in quantity multiplied by such specified rate for this item exceeds 0.01 % of the Accepted Contract Amount, (iii) 由此⼯程量的变更直接造成该项⼯作每单位⼯程量费⽤的变动超过1％；以及
(iii) this change in quantity directly changes the Cost per unit quantity of this item by more than 1 %, and
(iv) 这项⼯作不是合同中规定的“固定费率项⽬”；
(iv) this item is not specified in the Contract as a "fixed rate item"; or
(b) (i) 此⼯作是根据第13款【变更与调整】的指⽰进⾏的；
(i) the work is instructed under Clau 13 [Variations and Adjustments],
(ii) 合同中对此项⼯作未规定费率或价格；且
(ii) no rate or price is specified in the Contract for this item, and
(iii) 由于该项⼯作与合同中的任何⼯作没有类似的性质或不在类似的条件下进⾏，故没有⼀个规定的费率或价格适⽤。(iii) no specified rate or price is appropriate becau the item of work is not
每种新的费率或价格是对合同中相关费率或价格在考虑到上述(a)、(b)段所描述的适⽤的事件以后作出的合理调整。如果没有相关的费率或价格，则新的费率或价格应是在考虑任何相关事件以后，从实施⼯作的合理费⽤加上合理利润中得到。
Each new rate or price shall be derived from any relevant rates or prices in the Contract, with reasonable adjustments to take account of the matters described in sub-paragraph (a) and/or (b), as applicable. If no rates or prices are relevant for the derivation of a new rate or price, it shall be derive
d from the reasonable Cost of executing the work, together with reasonable profit, taking account of any other relevant matters.
在商定或决定了⼀合适的费率或价格之前，⼯程师还应为期中⽀付证书决定⼀临时费率或价格。
Until such time as an appropriate rate or price is agreed or determined, the Engineer shall determine a provisional rate or price for the purpos of Interim Payment Certificates.
