北京邮2011年博士研究生入学考试题
考试科目：英语
Part I Reading Comprehension (40 points)
Directions: In this part there are four passages for you to read. After each passage there are five questions, below each of which there are four answers marked A， B, C and D. Choo the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a pencil on the Machine-Scoring ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage One
The aroma of chocolate perfumes the air of the Rue d‟Assas in Paris. Entering Christian Constant's state-of-the-art boutique, you find yourlf in the kingdom of Paris's king of chocolate, where the humble cocoa bean is turned into mouth-watering chocolate Easter eggs.
Constant, who is a chef, admits that chocolate is his passion and main interest in life. He first developed a fascination with chocolate when he was working for Gaston Lenotre, a famous French pastry chef.
Every year he has a theme for decorating Easter eggs: this year his decorations are inspired by “Ar t No uveau”. Tonight h e has a dinner for 130 to organize and he has to prepare a three-foot-high Art Nouveau-style Easter egg by noon tomorrow. This, for Constant, is a normal schedule.
Constant believes that his chocolate creations are as much of a work of art as other sculptures. It is, therefore, understandable that the restaurant, which he opened last month, is situated in the National Monuments Muum in Paris. During the day the restaurant is a tearoom and offers chocolate in every imaginable form. Customers can choo from a lection of sweet chocolate desrts or tries the more exotic spicy chocolates. Constant is also a professional “no” working cloly with the French Institute of Taste. He is capable of identifying 450 different tastes and flavors. Constant explains that the mouth, which can only taste four things --- salt, sweet, acid and bitter-is “stupid” in comparison to the no . He believes that the no is everything.
In his book The Taste of Chocolate, he explains how in 1502 Christopher Columbus came across an island and went ashore. He was greeted by an Indian chief bearing gifts, among which were huge sacks of beans which Columbus thought was local currency. To his surpri, they prepared a drink for him. But Columbus, who disliked the odd bitter taste, continued on
his travels, ignorant of the fact that he had just tasted cocoa. Like Columbus, Constant travels tho cocoa counties where he checks quality and works with local experts. Quality can vary depending on the region, year, and method of preparation. According to Constant, Venezuela and Trinidad have the best cocoa beans, which they export all over the world either as beans or as cocoa.
财务结构Constant, who is a hard worker, only sleeps three hours a night. He talks long into the night with members of a club he has formed. The cl ub is called “The Chocolate Munch ers”. T heir main official activity is to get together for monthly dinners where they eat a very tiny dinner and tons of chocolate desrts.
“I am an addict,” Constant admits, “and I don't want to be cured!”
1. Which of the following is the most inclusive title for the passage?
A. Chocolate—The Passion of a lifetime.
B. T he Chocolate Munchers Club.
C. Chocolate— A New Art Form.
D. The Last Word in Good Taste.
2. What does Constant do now?
A. He works for a French pastry chef.
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B. He owns his own restaurant and tearoom.
C. He is a sculptor for a muum in Paris.
D. He is a chef in the Institute of Taste.
3. Constant's newly-opened business______
A. provides chocolates with various flavors
B. exhibits all of his chocolate sculptures
同性恋黄色小说C. often needs to prepare a big Easter dinner
D. rves as a national monument in Paris
4. The underlined part “Constant is also a ……no‟”， means ___
A. he believes he has the best no in the world
B. his no can taste salt, sweet, acid and bitter
C. his no can identify various tastes and flavors
D. he is capable of smelling flavors from a long distance
5. According to Constant _____
A. ancient Indians ud cocoa beans as local currency
B. Columbus checked the quality of cocoa beans in different places
C chocolate addition makes people sleep less
D. the quality of cocoa beans varies from region to region
Passage Two
French are elegant people. They are artists in everyday life, having a very good taste in everything. 丢包率
They don‟t like American tourists wearing jeans to go into their luxurious and exquisite five-star restaurants, so one of the restaurants put a notice outside its front door. It read “No trou rs, p lea!”
A gourmet coffee was sold in Tokyo as an antidote to stress. Its name suppodly meant to people that it would soothe the troubled breast. Yet when it was printed in English, it turned out to be “Ea Your Bosoms”.
Swedes started a promotion stunt to promote the sales of their vacuum cleaner named Electro. Their origin al ad slogan was translated as “Nothing sucks like Electro”.
The General Motors' lling of Chevrolet was very bad in South America. And what is the reason? The translation of this brand sounds l ike “no va”- which means “It doesn't go” in Spanish.
When Pepsi-cola invaded the huge Chine and German markets, the efforts initially fizzled. The product's slogan, “Come alive with the Pepsi generation”, was rendered i nto German as “come out of the grave with Pepsi”. Coca-Cola also discovered something had gone wrong in Taiwan. The Chine characters chon for the world-famous product sound like “Bite the Wax Tadpole.”
A beer co mpany's slogan “Turn it loo”became, in Spanish, eq uivalent to “suffer from diarrhea.”
A company translated its sticky tape slogan into Japane and came up with a sticky problem. The slogan “Sticks like crazy” became literally “it sticks foolishly” in Japane.
A tonic produc of royal jelly and is suppod to be very effective for some chronic dias. Yet it was translated as “oral liquid”, which means “saliva” in English, In the brochure, it was described in this way:“it tastes like medicine”, when the language i n the original meant to u it as a food therapy.
Even the wrong nonverbal cue can bring havoc to a product. A baby food company initially packaged their African products just the same as in the U.S.—with a cute baby picture on the jar. They didn't realize that becau so many Africans cannot read, nearly all packaged products sold in Africa carry pictures of what is inside. Pureed baby! How horrible!
In an Asian city, where traffic is really very bad, to cure people's safety, the municipal government has built underground passageways. Pedestrians are asked to u them whenever they need to cross the main street. A sign was posted once on the roadside, pointing to the entrance to an underground passageway, intending to notify English-speaking pasngers, “Go Undergro und”.
We chuckled at such clumsy translations. Is there anything wrong in the language? We must be awa
re that few words and idioms can be literally translated. It's best to hire the best for translation. Don't take it for granted that as long as one speaks a little English, he is autonomously able to do the translation. It takes a while to learn to be a good translator.
6. "No trours, plea!" sounds funny on the front door of a five-star restaurant, becau could mean “ ”, in English,
A. Take off your trours, then come in plea.乳头发硬
B. We don‟t ll any trours here.
C. W e don‟t have any pairs of trours here
D. Anyone who does not wear trours is not welcome.
7. From the passage, you may guess that Chevrolet is most probably____
A. shoes of some kinds that South American like
B. the brand name of a kind of vehicle
C. a pet animal which runs fast
D. a word in Spanish which has a very bad meaning
8. Any product with a cute baby picture on the jar will most probably ___ in Africa,
A. ll well
B. receive favorable attention
C. cau great interest
D. bring an end to the product
9. The Chine characters chon for Coca-Cola____ in Taiwan first.
A. were well received
B. had a wrong name
C sounded terrible in the language D. were all terrible words
10. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Clumsy translations can sometimes produce the desired effect.
采购员英文
B. We should not take it for granted that anything can be translated.
C. Few words and idioms can be literally translated.
D. Clumsy translation could mean more than just a laughing matter.
Passage Three
“Vit amins are a group of substances found in food. The body needs them for life and health. So naturally, many people are concerned with the question: Am I getting enough vitamins, and am I getting the right kind?
Even though very small amounts of each vitamin are enough for the needs of the body, the worry people have about vitamins has some bas. And this has something to do with their diet —the food they take in. A person eating a good variety of foods gets all the vitamins now known to be needed (with the possible exception of vitamin D).
The problem is that there are many people who don't choo foods wily, don't get enough variety, and don't eat the basic foods they need to get their vitamins. So the answer to this question is: No extra vitamins are needed, providing you eat proper foods: In fact, many of the vitamins cannot be stored in the body, so when extra vitamins are taken in, the body simply gets rid of them. It is even harmful to put too much of certain vitamins into the body. This has been found to be true of vitamin A and D, when large amounts are taken in.剁荞面
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歌曲改编What foods supply what vitamins? Here is a quick general idea. Vitamin A, for the health of the eyes, skin, teeth, and bones, is found in green vegetables, fruits, eggs, liver and butter. Vitamin B1, which helps the nervous and digestive system and prevents certain dias, is found in cereals; pork and liver. Vitamin B2 is found in milk; eggs, green vegetables and meats.
