学会分析句子成分
一、英语句子的种类
英语的句子种类主要包括简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句是并列句和复合句的构成基础。
二、英语简单句的特点
至少包含一个主语和一个谓语。主语可以是并列主语，谓语也可以是并列谓语。
谓语动词有某种时态和语态形式。
祈使句其实是一种省略了主语you的简单句。
三、简单句、并列句和复合句的基本形式
简单句：主语＋谓语
并列句：简单句A ＋并列连词(and/so/but 或其他)＋简单句B
复合句：主句(简单句A)＋从句(含有引导词的简单句B)或从句(含有引导词的简单句B)＋主句(简单句A) 定存利率如：
The young should respect the old.(简单句)
Jack was ill yesterday so he didn't attend the meeting.(并列句)
As long as you study hard，you are bound to succeed.(复合句)
四、谓语动词
谓语是英语句子中的核心成分，谓语主要由动词来充当，它有时态和语态的变化。两个或两个以上动词构成并列谓语，要在最后两个谓语动词之间加上适当的连词(如：and/so/but)。如：
He has lived here for twenty years.
I will be waiting for you at the school gate at nine tomorrow.
He stood up and walked out of the classroom.
You are required to keep silent in the reading room.
练习：
一、请判断下列各题是不是句子(“是”用“√”表示，“不是”用“×”表示)。
1．There was a pretty toy on the table.( )
2．It being a goodlooking clever dog.( )
3．He be about to tell us the fact.( )
4．Becau of his coming late.( )
5．Book me a single room.( )
二、请判断下列句子是对还是错，如错，请改正。
1．The weather is fine，we'll go out for a picnic.
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2．He has three sons，but none of them takes good care of him.
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3．There are 5 teachers will go with us.
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四大名著读书笔记
4．Look after the children is Mary's job.
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5．He didn't pass the exam made his parents very angry.
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句子成分分析(一)
句子的各个组成部分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。句子的成分一般由实词担任。实词有名词、代词、形容词、数
词、动词和副词。虚词有冠词、介词、连词、助动词等，它们在句中只起辅助和联系作用，不能单独作句子成分。
主语(subject)：是一句话的主题，表示所谈的是“谁”或“什么”，主语一般在谓语之前。
可充当主语的有：
1深夜寂寞．名词或代词
The book on the desk is written by my father.
They have lived in Guangzhou since 1996.
2．数词
Ten is a very important number.
3．不定式(to do)或动名词(doing)
To read in the sun is bad for your eyes.
Smoking is bad for our health.
4．从句
What you need is more practice.
It's not your fault that this has happened.(it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句广东旅游必去十大景点)处女射手
句子成分分析(二)
谓语大衣柜门(predicate)
谓语是说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”的一种成分。谓语通常由动词充当，一般放在主语之后。
动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词及助动词。情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语，常与实义动词或系动词连用。实义动词包括及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后要带宾语。谓语有时态、语态、语气和人称等的变化。如：
I had left the room before you got there yesterday.
The film is full of violence.
Parents should encourage their children to think independently.
He will drive to Washington tomorrow.
句子成分分析(三)
表语( predicative)
表语通常是跟在连系动词be，em，look，sound，feel，get，smell，become，remain，turn等后面的词或从句，用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态等。可充当表语的有：
1鸭子炖什么好吃．名词或代词
That sounds a good idea.
The sweets on the table are mine.
2．形容词或副词
You'll feel better after taking the medicine.
After five minutes，the meeting was over.
3．介词短语
My books are on the desk.
4．非谓语动词
Her job is to look after tho children.
What he likes is reading novels.
Are you satisfied with your new job?
5．从句
That's where Mr. Mao Zedong once lived.
句子成分分析(四)
宾语(object)华为手机恢复出厂设置后怎么还原数据
宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。可充当宾语的有：
1．名词或代词
They e each other every year.
We met with a lot of difficulties in the construction of the TV tower.
2．不定式或动名词
He wanted to borrow my CD player.
I admit breaking the window.
3．从句
Do you understand what I mean?
英语中有些动词需要带两个同等的宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语一般指动作的承受者，间接宾语指动作所向的或所为的人或物。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前，如间接宾语置于直接宾语后，则其前需用介词to或for。
I gave him my address at the party yesterday.(I gave my address to him at the party yesterday.)
I have found him a place.(I have found a place for him.)
句子成分分析(五)
定语(attribute)
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分，分为前置定语和后置定语。单个词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面(前置定语)，短语作定语则放在被修饰词的后面(后置定语)。注意：形容词修饰不定代词something，nothing，anything，everything等时，一般放在这些词的后面。
一、可充当前置定语的有
1．形容词或数词
He said he had an important meeting to attend.
We have four lessons in the morning.
2．代词
Tom found his cap in the dining room.
3．名词或名词所有格
He was thinking about a math problem.
We should follow the doctor's advice.
4．动名词或分词
I will focus on some learning methods in this class.
He wants to circulate his knowledge in less developed countries.
二、可充当后置定语的有
1．介词短语
The book on the desk is very interesting.
2．非谓语动词
Do you know the man standing there?
He was really angry with the boy being criticized by Mr.Zhang.
The man to give us a speech tomorrow is a professor.
3．从句
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.
4．副词
Every night，the man upstairs came back late.
