中图分类号：X859 论文编号：153140312 学科分类号：620.5040 密级：
天津理工大学研究生学位论文
香香果
热环境下储罐热响应行为数值模拟研究军棋布阵
（申请工程硕士学位）
专业学位类别：工程硕士
工程领域：安全工程
作者姓名：姚智
指导教师：李德生教授
董呈杰讲师
2018年1月
Thesis Submitted to Tianjin University of Technology
for the Master’s Degree
Numerical Simulation of Thermal
Respon Behavior of Tank in
Thermal Environment
By三七粉能长期吃吗
YaoZhi
Supervisor安神补脑的食物
LiDeSheng
DongChengJie酸菜炒大肠的做法
个人所得税完税证明
Jan.20
摘要
随着化工工业的快速发展，气体燃料作为新型的化工燃料和能源，具有清洁、控制性强和便于运输等特点，广泛运用于日常生活和工业生产中。由于气体燃料本身具有易燃易爆炸的性质，所以在日常和工业生产，运输和使用过程中一旦泄漏，液化可燃气体会迅速气化形成大量爆炸性混合气体，发生火灾爆炸事故。由于气体燃料储罐灾害事故时有发生，所以研究储罐在热环境下的热响应行为对预防灾害事故的发生和减少事故后果具有重要的指导意义。多年来，国内外研究人员对对储罐的热响应行为进行了大量的实验研究和数值模拟。总结了储罐热响应行为的原理和规律，现有研究表明储罐热响应行为中，热分层的产生可以降低储罐内部介质的能量，从而降低储罐失效发生的风险。但是由于实验过程的复杂性和危险性，还有数值模拟过程中的不确定性，所以对于储罐热响应行为中的热分成形成和消除机理以及影响因素的研究尚未达成一致的结论，仍然是学术界的研究热点。鉴于此，本文展开了以下研究工作：
（1）以实验储罐为研究对象，建立合理热环境下储罐热响应行为的物理模型和数学模型。采用二维非稳态计算和基于压力的分离式算法对控制方程进行求解，选取RNG k-ε湍流模型和VOF两相流模型进行数值模拟，使用自定义函数UDF来控制气液相变过程。
（2）用Fluent软件对热环境下的储罐热响应行为进行模拟计算，验证计算模型的有效性，分析了介质
温度响应，壁面温度响应和压力响应过程。改变加热区域、充装率、外部热环境、介质初温和壁面参数进行计算模拟，分析这些工况条件的改变对储罐热响应行为中热分层的产生和消除的影响。
小猪卡通
汉语言专业数值模拟结果表明：加热区域越大，储罐内部介质温度响应越强，压力上升速率越大，热分层维持时间越长；充装率越小，液相热分层度越高，热分层维持时间越长，压力上升速率越大，储罐壁面温度分层度越高且高温区域面积扩大；体积生热率越大，储罐内部介质温度响应和压力上升速率越高，沸腾扰流作用越强，温度突跃时间更短；介质初温越高，热分层程度越低，分层消除时间越短；储罐壁面越厚，储罐内部介质温度响应和压力上升速率越低，壁面导热系数越高，热响应行为更强，但是壁面温度更低。加热区域越大，体积生热率越大，介质初温越高，储罐越容易失效。合理的充装率和壁面参数可以有效抑制储罐失效。
本文创新点：采用体积热源的加热方式，研究各工况对热分层过程影响，研究热分层形成和消失的机理，并根据各工况条件对热分层的影响提出防止储罐失效的建议措施。
关键词：储罐；热响应；热分层；数值模拟
Abstract
In the production. Becau the gas fuel itlf has the nature of flammable or explosive, so in daily an
d industrial production, transportation and u process once leaks, liquefied gas realize rapid gasification of explosive mixture gas, fire explosion accident. Becau the gas fuel tank disasters and accidents occur frequently, so studying the thermal respon of tanks in hot environment to prevent the occurrence of disasters and accidents and reduce accident conquences have important guiding significance. Over the years, rearchers at home and abroad have conducted a large number of experimental studies and numerical simulations on the thermal respon behavior of tanks. Summarizes the principle and law of tank thermal respon behavior, thermal respon behavior of existing studies have shown that tank, the generation of thermal stratification can reduce internal medium energy storage tank, to reduce the risk of tank failure occurred. But becau of the complexity of the experimental process and risk, and the uncertainty in the process of numerical simulation, so for the thermal respon behavior of thermal storage tank into the formation and elimination mechanism and influence factors of rearch conclusion has yet been reached, is still a rearch focus in the academia. In view of this, the following rearch work has been carried out: (1) the physical model and mathematical model of the thermal respon behavior of the storage tank in a reasonable thermal environment were established with the experimental storage tank as the rearch object. Using two-dimensional unsteady calculation and parate algorithm bad on the pressure control equation for solving, lection of RNG k - epsilon turbulence model and the VOF tw
o-pha flow model for numerical simulation of the UDF using a custom function to control the gas pha change process.
(2) on the thermal environment of storage tank with Fluent software to simulate the thermal respon behavior, verify the validity of the calculation model, analyzes the medium temperature respon, the wall temperature respon and stress respon process. Change the heating area, filling rate, early, medium soft wall external thermal environment parameters calculation and simulation, analysis about the change of the working conditions of the storage tank thermal respon behavior and eliminate the influence of thermal stratification.
The numerical simulation results show that the larger the heating area, the stronger the temperature respon of the medium in the tank, the higher the pressure ri rate, the longer the thermal stratification is maintained. The smaller the filling rate, the higher the thermal stratification of the liquid pha, the longer the thermal stratification, the
