swime中国水稻科学(Chin J Rice Sci), 2019, 33(5): 391-400
www.ricesci 391 DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2019.9029满庭芳秦观
水稻叶倾角分子机制及育种应用的研究进展
胡娟1林晗1徐娜1焦然1戴志俊1鲁草林2饶玉春1,*王跃星2,*
(1浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004;2中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州310006;*通讯联系人,E-mail: ryc@zjnu;wangyuexing@caas)
Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Rice Leaf Inclination and Its Application in Breeding
HU Juan1, LIN Han1, XU Na1, JIAO Ran1, DAI Zhijun1, LU Caolin2, RAO Yuchun1, *, WANG Y uexing2, *
(1 College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; 2 China National Rice Rearch Institute, State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006, China; * Corresponding author, E-mail: ryc@zjnu; wangyuexing@caas)
话筒的工作原理Abstract: Rice leaf inclination refers to the degree of bending between leaves and stems, which is one of the most important factors affecting plant architecture and grain yield. Leaf inclination affects leaf photosynthesis rate. Upright leaves are one of the factors of the ideal plant type of rice. Leaf inclination is regulated by a variety of genes, and is the result of interactions between various plant hormones such as brassinosteroids, auxin, gibberellin, and jasmonic acid.
Other factors such as root distribution, leaf size, and growth environment also have a certain impact on the leaf inclination. Bad on the rearch progress of rice leaf inclination, this review summarizes and elaborates on the molecular mechanism of rice leaf inclination and the application of leaf inclination in breeding from the aspects of lamina joint development, hormone levels and other factors, so as to provide reference for ideal plant type breeding and lay a theoretical foundation for further improvement of rice yield.
Key words: rice; leaf inclination; molecular mechanism; breeding application
摘要:水稻叶倾角是指叶片与茎秆之间的夹角,叶倾角影响叶片光合作用速率,与株型和产量密切相关,如直立叶片就是水稻理想株型形态因素之一。叶倾角的大小受到多种植物激素的调控,是油菜素内酯、生长素、赤霉素、茉莉酸等多种激素相互作用的结果,另外,其他因素如根系分布、叶片大小认真的同义词
、生长环境等也会对水稻叶倾角大小产生一定的影响。本文根据水稻叶倾角的研究进展,着重从叶枕的发育、激素水平及其他因素等方面,对水稻叶倾角的分子机制及其在育种中的应用进行阐述与总结,以期为水稻株型的分子设计育种提供参考,为进一步提高水稻的产量奠定理论基础。
关键词:水稻; 叶倾角; 分子机制; 育种应用
中图分类号:Q944.56; S511.032 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-7216(2019)05-0391-10
大镰刀水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是我国重要的粮食作物,我国的水稻育种主要经历了矮化育种、三系杂交稻培育、两系杂交稻培育、亚种间杂种优势利用、理想株型育种和绿色超级稻培育等6个重要历程[1,2]。近年来,随着分子生物学与基因组学的不断发展,出现了基因组育种、转基因育种、分子标记辅助选择育种与基因编辑育种等新的育种技术手段与方法,我国水稻育种正迈向设计育种的新时代。育种目标也从一味地追求产量到优质、多抗和稳产并重,因此与产量、抗性、优质等性状相关的基因不断被挖掘、克隆与分析,这些基因的挖掘为设计育种奠定了基础,并在培育高产优质的绿色超级稻品种中展现出巨大的潜力[2]。在育种过程中,良好的群体株型是水稻高产的必备条件,日本栽培学家松岛省三、我国育种家杨守仁先生和袁隆平先生对高产水稻的株型要求,都提到了水稻上部功能叶片直立的表型[3-5]。直立叶片可以增加叶片的受光面积,提高光合作用效率,有利于有机物的积累,从而增加水稻产量[6]。
经济学分析
叶片与主茎之间的夹角称为叶倾角,叶倾角的大小是影响光截获、光合效率和种植密度的最重要的冠层结构参数之一[7]。叶片是进行光合作用的主要器官,自水稻抽穗开花期到灌浆结实期,水稻的功能叶(剑叶、倒2叶、倒3叶)是穗部养分的主要供
对祖国的祝福收稿日期:2019-03-18;修改稿收到日期:2019-05-17。联营体
基金项目:国家重大科技专项(2016ZX08009003-003-008);浙江省粮食新品种选育专项(2016C02050-1)。