Unit 6 How do we deal with the drug problem?雪造句
一、授课时间：第12周3次课, 13周2次课
二．授课类型：理论课8学时、实践课2学时
三．授课题目：How do we deal with the drug problem
四．授课时数：10
五．教学目的和要求：
Try to increa more knowledge about drug problems and form correct and healthy attitude towards drug；Learn about the different solutions to the drug problem and understand the pros and cons of each of them；Compare the arguments and find out their logical premis and fallacies；Learn how to argue coherently and convincingly by studying the techniques employed by the writers.
六．教学重点和难点：
1）背景知识的传授：prohibition; background information of the three authors 2）文章的体裁分析
3）语言点的理解：
Word study: addict, end up, stamp out, get hooked on, wither away etc
Grammar Focus: enumeration; when ud as an adverbial conjunction of concession’link verb+as though/as if ud to make a comparison; such ud as the subjec of a ntence 4) 写作技巧分析
七．教学基本内容和纲要
Part One Warm – up
1.1 Warm-up Questions
1. How much do you know about the drug problem before reading the essays? Plea list the names of some drugs and speak out its effects on people?
2. Why do you think people still take drugs in spite of the worldwide anti-drug campaigns? What are people’s motivations of abusing (taking) drugs? What kind of people is the largest group?
3. What do you know about the situation in China? Do you think the drug problem is rious?
1.2 what is drug?
Thanks to medical and drug rearch, there are thousands of drugs that help people. But there are also lots of illegal, harmful drugs that people take to help them feel good or have a good time.
There are many reasons for trying them or starting to u them regularly. People take drugs just for the pleasure they believe they can bring. Often it is becau someone tried to convince them that drugs would make them feel good or that they’d have a better time if they took them.
Opium (鸦片）is a narcotic(麻醉剂) formed from the latex (树汁) relead by cutting the immature ed pods (种子荚) of poppies (罂粟). It is most frequently procesd chemically
to produce heroin for the illegal drug trade.
Morphine（吗啡） is the principal active agent in opium(20%). It acts directly on the central nervous system to relieve pain. Morphine has a high potential for addiction; tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence develop rapidly.
A white crystalline powder made from the dried leaves of the coca plant, cocaine（可卡因） is a stimulant that rocks the central nervous system, giving urs a quick, inten feeling of power and e
nergy.
Marijuana（大麻毒品） is the most widely ud illegal drug in the world becau of its low price. It is often called a gateway drug becau frequent u can lead to the u of stronger drugs.
Amphetamines(苯丙胺，冰毒) are stimulants that accelerate functions in the brain and body. Swallowed or snorted, the drugs hit urs with a fast high, making them feel powerful, alert and energized.
Ketamine is a quick acting anesthetic that is legally ud in both human and animals as dative (镇静剂). Urs may become delirious(极度亢奋), hallucinate(产生幻觉), and lo their n of time and reality.
Ecstasy(MDMA摇头丸) is a designer drug created by underground chemists and is a popular club drug among teens. It also raid the temperature of the body, which can sometimes cau organ damage or even death.
1.3 How does drug work?
Drugs are chemicals or substances that change the way our bodies work. When you put them into y怎样学二胡
our body, drugs find their way into your bloodstream and are transported to parts of your body, such as your brain. In the brain, drugs may either intensify or dull your ns, alter your n of alertness, and sometimes decrea physical pain.
1.4 the harmful effects that drugs bring
Dependence
Mental problems
Restlessness
Muscle/bone pain
Insomnia (失眠)
Diarrhea (腹泻)
Vomiting
Cold sweats
1.5 overview of the drug problem
Drug abu has been increasing at a rapid rate globally. It includes the u of illegal drugs—such as marijuana, methamphetamines , cocaine, heroin, or other "street drugs"—and the abu of legal prescription and nonprescription drugs.
In the United States and Canada, approximately 40% of adults will u an illegal drug at some time during their lives. Many people abu more than one illegal substance at a time. Statistics also show that there are nearly 10 million drug takers in China. The practice occurs most among young people who are looking for new nsations. Many young people have tried drugs simply becau they were told not to. They are likely to try what other people, especially their parents and teachers, call undesirable, just to be rebellious.
Some young people begin to take drugs when they are in elementary school. Often their friends have persuaded them to do so. They are tempted by the excitement or escape that drugs em to offer.
Many teens believe drugs will help them think better, be more popular, stay more active, or become better athletes. Others are simply curious and figure one try won’t hurt. Others want to fit in. A few us
e drugs to gain attention from their parents.
1.6 celebrity abu drugs
Celebrities have acquired an extremely high status within contemporary society, particularly in the eyes of young people. Celebrities have definite influence on young adults.
NEW YORK: Record-breaking Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps issued an apology on Sunday after a British newspaper published a photograph showing him smoking marijuana.
"I'm 23 years old and despite the success I've had in the pool, I acted in a youthful and inappropriate way, not in the manner people have come to expect from me," he said. "For this, I am sorry. I promi my fans and the public it will not happen again."
1.7 drug stories
The Opium Wars, also known as the Anglo-Chine Wars, lasted from 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860, the climax of a trade dispute between China under the Qing Dynasty and the British Empire. British smuggling of opium from British India into China in defiance of (公然蔑视) China's drug laws erupted into open warfare between Britain and China. China‘s defeat in both wars left its governmen
t having to tolerate the opium trade. Britain forced the Chine government into signing the Treaty of Nanjing and the Treaty of Tianjin, also known as the Unequal Treaties, which included provisions for the opening of additional ports to foreign trade, for fixed tariffs; for the recognition of both countries as equal in correspondence; and for the annexation (吞并)of Hong Kong by Britain. The British also gained extraterritorial (国土范围之外的)rights.
Several countries followed Britain and sought similar agreements with China. Many Chine found the agreements humiliating (耻辱的)and the ntiments (情绪)are considered to have contributed to the Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864), and the downfall of Qing in 1912. The Opium Wars forcefully and suddenly opened China to the world.
Part Two Background Information
莲藕汤的做法
2.1 Authors
1. Gore Vidal
prolific American novelist, and essayist, political activist: Democratic- Liberal
The war on drugs has nothing at all to do with drugs. It is part of an all-out war on the American peop
le by a government interested only in control.
—Gore Vidal
“Probably no American writer since Franklin has derided, ridiculed, and mocked Americans more skillfully and more often than Vidal.” (Gordon S. Wood, The New York Times, December 14, 2003)
Gore Vidal was often pointedly controversial: he published comments on
democracy, homoxuality, religion, and drug legalization.
2.2 Clarence Page
Columnist editorial board of the Chicago Tribune
1972 Pulitzer Prize for a Chicago Tribune Task Force ries on voter fraud 1989 Pulitzer Prize for Commentary
2.3 Charles Krauthammer
a syndicated columnist: The Washington Post Writers Group
political commentator, physician , conrvative (neoconrvative in foreign policy)
2.4 Prohibition in the United States (the Noble Experiment)
1840s, spearheaded by some religious denominations
1881, Kansas as the first to outlaw alcoholic beverages
1917, alcohol banned as mandated in the 18th Amendment to the Constitution 1919-1933, nation-wide movement, plagued by smuggling and bootlegging 1933, the 18th Amendment repealed by the 21st Amendment
Part Three Text Appreciation
3.1 Text Analysis
3.1.1 Structure of the text
1. drugs
I. Thesis: plausibility of legalization (para. 1)
II. Reasoning (paras. 2-8)
A. rebuttal of the danger of a whiff of opium (para 2)
B. The freedom to do what one wants (para 3)
C. rebuttal of the warning rumble that legalization will lead us to end up a race of Zombie. (para 4)
D. a conquence of prohibition: making people want it more (para 5)
E. the negative effects of the prohibition (paras. 6-7)
F. The conquences of a slight reduction in the supply of marujuana (para 8)
III. Conclusion: unlikelihood of legalization
2. The trouble with legalizing drugs
I. Thesis: infeasibility of legalization (para 11)
II. Appeal of legalization (paras 12-15)
肝区不适
A. Positive effects (para12)
B. ineffectiveness of prohibition (paras 13-15)
III. Rebuttal of legalization (para 16-19)
当兵的好处
A. increa of drug u and social cost as a result of legalization (para 16)软新闻
B. evidence of prohibition reducing drug u (paras 17-18)
C. A weakness in Bennet’s argument (para 19)
IV. conclusion: infeasibility of both a quick and a slow fix
3. Legalize? No. Deglamorize
I. Elimination of drug-related crimes as a result of legalization (paras 21-22)
II. Rebuttal (paras 23-26)
A. Negative effect on public health outweighing cost of law enforcement (para 23)
B. Faulty analogy between alcohol prohibition and drug prohibition (paras 24-25)
C. Three effects of legalization and the conquences(para 16)
III. Solution: deglamorization (paras. 27-31)
A. A lesson to learn from the anti-smoking campaigh (paras 27-28)
B. Moral persuasion and mild repression (paras 29-31)
IV. thesis: a large-scale propaganda campaign (para 32)精汁欲液
3.2 Writing Devices
3.2.1. Satire/Irony:
If you can’t win the game, change the rules.
…deliciously convenient…
Deep thinkers…
3.2.2. Understatement:
…sounds too good to be true and probably is.
3.2.3.Quotation from authority:
para.15
香港海马床垫3.3 Sentence Paraphra and Understanding
1. Now one can hear the warning rumble again: if everyone is allowed to take drugs everyone will and we shall end up a race of Zpmbies.(para 4)
Now we can hear the loud warnings of thoe who are against legalization. They will say if drugs are legalized, everyone will become addicts, and our nation will become Zombies.
2. This Psychological insight is, for some reason, always denied our governors. Somehow, for some unknown reasons, our leaders never em to understand this.
3. Last year, when the supply of marijuana was slightly reduced by the Feds, the pushers got the kids hooked on heroin and deaths incread dramatically
Last year, when the Federal agents got tough with drug dealing, and the supply of marijuana were slightly down, young marijuana urs shifted to a more harmful drug----heroin. Pushers got them addicted, and the number of people who died of overdo went uo sharply.
4.Deep thinkers have long advocated lifting the prohibition on drugs.
Notice the sarcastic tone of the author while he refers to legalizers as “deep thinkers”
5.Bennet is right to say the nation’s drug problem is too multifaceted to be destroyed with a “magic bullet”
Bennet is right in pointing out that the drug issue is such a complicated problem that there is no quick and easy solution.
6.with Cocaine and heroin readily available, additional transportation deaths alone would dwarf the current number of drug-related deaths.
Some drugs can cau people to lo control of themlves. So urs are prone to cau car accidents. Road accidents take the lives of many people in the US. It is estimated that during the Vietnam War, more Americans were killed on the road in the US than in the battle.
