考研英语-试卷289
(总分：142.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 U of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)
1.Section I U of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）
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解析：
On the afternoon of April 19th, 1587, Sir Francis Dr. Ake led his convoy of 31 ships into the port of Cadiz, (1)_____ the Spanish navy was being prepared to (2)_____ England. The Spanish were (3)_____ completely by surpri, and Dr. Ake"s men quickly looted, sank or burnt every ship in sight. After clearing the harbour of stores and (4)_____ off a Spanish attack, Dr, eke and his ships (5)_____ without the loss of a single man. Back in England, Dr.
aka became a national hero, and his daring attack became known as the "singeing of the King of Spain"s beard". As well as (6)_____ back the Spanish plan to invade England by veral months, Dr. Ake"s daring attack (7)_____ the success of a popular new drink. For among the stores that he (8)_____ from Cadiz were 2,900 large barrels of sack, a wine made in the Jerez region of Spain, and the (9)_____ of today"s sherry. The wine makers of Jerez looked for overas markets, and sack started to take off in England. In 1587, the celebratory drinking of the sack brought back from Cadiz by Dr. Ake gave it a further (10)_____ and made it hugely fashionable, (11)_____ its Spanish origin. For (12)_____ chemical reasons, sack was an unusually long-lasting and (13)_____ wine. This made it ideal for taking on long a voyages, (14)_____ which alcoholic drinks acted as a vital social lubricant that (15)_____ the hardship of spending weeks packed into a (16)_____ ship. Columbus took sack with him to the new world in the 1490s, making it the first wine to be (17)_____ into the Americas. In 1604, sack was (18)_____ official recognition of (19)_____ when James I (20)_____ an ordinance limiting its consumption at court. By this time sack was popularly known as sherris-sack (sherris being a corruption of Jerez), which eventually became the modern word sherry.（分数：40.00）
A.where √
红烧鱼简笔画 B.when
C.as
D.which众志成城图片
解析：解析：本题考查语法知识，根据句意，只有关系副词where所引导的非限制性定语从句符合。奶露
A.aggravate
B.besiege
C.invade √
D.siege
解析：解析：本题涉及词义辨析及上下文的把握，由第二段第一句的提示可以知道invade
是答案。aggravate(使严重，使恶化)，besiege(动词，包围)，siege(名词，包围)
A.ized
B.taken √
C.captured
D.snapped
解析：解析：take有"攻占，袭击"的意思，take sth. by surpri意为"奇袭…"。
A.fending √
B.fencing
C.defeating
D.bringing
解析：解析：本题涉及词语搭配，fend off"挡开，抵御"。
A.avoided
B.bided
C.broke
D.escaped √
解析：解析：本题考查对上下文的理解，德雷克的军队在突袭西班牙海军之后，自然不会原地不动，escape符合语境。
A.cutting
B.taking
&ing √
D.discting
解析：解析：t back(挫败，使倒退)，cut back(减少，缩减)，disct(肢解，及物动词)。
A.stitched
B.aled √
C.stuck
D.labeled
解析：解析：本题涉及对词语的准确理解。al有"保证"的意思。
&bbed
B.plundered √
C.squandered
D.stole如何培养创新能力
解析：解析：plunder (from)意为"(军队)以武力掠夺"，符合语境，故为答案。squander(挥霍)。
A.deviant策马飞舆
B.variation
C.forerunner √
D.descendant
解析：解析：根据文章最后一段可知，sherry酒原来叫sack，所以forerunner(前身，先驱)是答案。deviant(异常的)，variation(变异)，descendant(后裔)。
A.stimulus
B.incentive
&ducive
D.boost √
解析：解析：本题考查词汇知识，由上文"gave it "可知所填的词为"推动"时符合
语境，所以boost是答案。stimulus(刺激)，incentive(刺激，鼓励)，conducive(有助于…的)。
&vertheless
&withstanding √
C.however
&ning
解析：解析：本题考查副词与介词，notwithstanding相当于"in spite of"，符合语义。
A.obscure √
B.obssive
C.obscene
D.obsolete
解析：解析：本题考查形近形容词的辨析。obscure(含混的，不清楚的)最符合句意，为正确答案。obssive(摆脱不了的)，obscene(下流的)，obsolete(过时的)。
A.dry
&bust √
C.weak
D.stiff
解析：解析：这里robust有"给人以活力"的意思，符合句意，为答案。dry(不含糖的)，stiff(烈性的)。
A.in
&
C.during √
&
解析：解析：考查非限制性定语从句。
A.lesned √
B.worned
C.softened
D.sharpened
解析：解析：lubricant(润滑剂)这个词给了很好的提示，lesn最符合句意。
A.spacious
&pt
C.camped
&ed √
解析：解析：本题涉及词汇知识及上下文的理解。根据句意，cramped(拥挤的)应为答案，其它语义不准确，皆排除。
A.sold
&ported
C.imported
D.introduced √
解析：解析：本题考查词汇知识。根据句意，introduced(传入，输入)为答案项，哥伦布发现美洲时，美洲是一片新大陆，不可能与别国有贸易关系，所以其余三项不正确。
&ferred
B.prented
&anted √
行省制
D.offered
解析：解析：本题考查对词义的辨析能力。granted(授予权利)符合句意。
A.sorts √
B.kinds
C.sort
D.kinds
解析：解析：of sorts/a sort意为"勉强称得上的"。
A.announced
B.proclaimed
C.claimed
D.issued √
解析：解析：这里issue表示"颁布法令(ordinance)"。
二、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：10，分数：58.00)
2.Section II Reading Comprehension
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解析：
3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
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解析：
St. Paul didn"t like it. Mos warned his people against it. Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "His
tory is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. "But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment emed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light, Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is "an intrinsically valuable activity", philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze"ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn"t come through ordinary channels, such as; "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office?" Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze"ev says. It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group". What"s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sou, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form
of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which be means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. "It ems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immen power resides in the control of crets," he writes. Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its iii effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to rearchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of rious illness, but who are unaware of it, to ek medical help. So go ahead and gossip. But remember, if (as often is the ca among gossipers) you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defen recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens; When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn"t be ashamed to ll the family parrot to the town gossip."（分数：10.00）
人员调整方案(1).Persons" remarks are mentioned at the beginning of the text to______.（分数：2.00）
A.show the general disapproval of gossip
B.introduce the topic of gossip √
&amine gossip from a historical perspective乡村振兴报告
D.prove the real value of gossip
解析：解析：本题涉及作者的首段写作意图。作者文章开头引用几个人的有关闲话的言论是为了引出本文的话题：闲话。
(2).By "Gossip also is a form of social bonding"(Para. 5), Professor Aaron Ben-Ze"ev means gossip______.（分数：2.00）
A.is a valuable source of social information
B.produces a joy that most people in society need
C.brings people the feel of being part of a group √
D.satisfies people"s need of being unusual
解析：解析：这是一道句意题。根据第五段后面Dr. Ben-Ze"ev的讲话可知答案。
(3).Which of the following statements is true according to the text?.（分数：2.00）
A.Everyone involved will not benefit from gossip. √
B.Philosophers may hold different attitudes toward gossip.
