英语词汇学教程参考答案
Chapter 1
1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet; they have different focus. Definition 1 focus on the meaning and us of words; while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focus on the mantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions u different names for the object of study. For Definition 1; it is words; for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language; and for Definition 3 the lexicon.
2. 1 They can go into the room文件夹如何加密最简单的方法; and if they like; shut the door.
2 You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock.
3 I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting.
3. 1 When it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’; it is pronounced as id;
2 When it follows voiceless consonants; it is pronounced as t;
3 When it follows voiced consonants and vowels; it is pronounced as d.
4. 1 They are words that can be included in a mantic field of “tree”.
2 They reprent the forms of the verb “fly” and have a common meaning.
3 They belong to a lexical field of “telephone communication”.
4 They are synonyms; related to human visual perception. Specifically; they denote various kinds of “looking”.
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5. a 'blackboard: a board with a dark smooth surface; ud in schools for writing with chalk the primary stress in on black;
'blackbird: a particular kind of bird; which may not necessarily be black in color the primary stress in on black;
'greyhound: a slender; swift dog with keen sight the primary stress in on black;
'White Hou: the residence of the US President in Washington the primary stress in on black.
b 'black 'board: any board which is black in color both words receive primary stress;
'black 'bird: any bird which is black in color both words receive primary stress;
'grey 'hound: any hound that is grey in color both words receive primary stress;
'white 'hou: any hou that is painted white both words receive primary stress.
6. There are 44 orthographic words; i.e. quences of letters bounded by space. There are 24 open class words and 20 clod class words.
7. a The ‘bull’ is literal; referring to a male bovine animal.
b ‘Take the bull by the horn’ is an idiom; meaning having the courage to deal with someone or something directly.
c ‘Like a bull in a china shop’大物论文 is an idiom; meaning doing something with too much enthusiasm or too quickly or carelessly in a way that may damage things or upt someone.
d A ‘bull market’ is one where prices ri fast becau there is a lot of buying of shares in anticipation of profits.
8. drinking vesls: cup; mug; glass; tumbler; tankard; goblet; bowl; beaker; wineglass; beer glass; sherry glass
They can be organized in a number of ways; for example; by the drinks the vesl is ud for.
Non-alcoholic: glass; tumbler; cup; mug; beaker; bowl
Beer: beer glass; tankard
Wine: wineglass; goblet
Spirits: sherry glass
Chapter 2
1.Lexeme is an abstract linguistic unit with different variants; for example; sing as against sang; sung.
Morpheme is the ultimate grammatical constituent; the smallest meaningful unit of language. For example; moralizers is an English word compod of four morphemes: moral+lize+er+s.
Any concrete realization of a morpheme in a given utterance is called a morph; such as cat; chair; -ing; -s; etc.
Allomorphs are the alternate phonetic forms of the same morpheme; for example; t; d and id are allomorphs of the past ten morpheme in English.
2. quick-ly; down-stair-s; four-th; poison-ous; weak-en;
world-wide; inter-nation-al-ly; in-ject; pro-trude
3. island; surname; disclo; duckling; cranberry;
reading; poet侧方位停车技巧s; flavourfulness; famous; subvert
六眼沙蛛4. a
b -ai
5. 1 -’s; -s
2 -est; -s
3 -ing
4 -ed
篮球的基本动作6. The connotations are as follows:
1 slang; carrying the connotation of reluctance; 2informal; carrying the connotation that the speaker is speaking to a child; 3 beastie is ud to a small animal in Scotland; carrying the connotation of disgust; 4 carrying the connotation of formalness; 5 carrying the connotation of light-heartedness.
7. { - m; ～- n; ～- n; ～-i: ～-s; ～-z; ～-iz}
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