上海市实验学校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月
考英语试卷
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word that best fits each blank.
Imagine cozying up in your bed after a long day. Yous scroll through your favorite social media apps for what feels like ten minutes, but then you realize hours have pasd. It’s now 2:30 am, and you know you need to get some sleep to wake
up 1 (refresh) for work. But you just can’t get yourlf to stop scrolling and turn in for the night. You
promi 2 just five more minutes - then it’s 3:00 am.
You wake up tired the next morning and go to work groggy but do
the same thing again that night. You know you need the
rest, 3 you still stay up and sacrifice sleep to
scroll aimlessly on your smartphone.
If you can relate to this scenario, you’re not alone. Now called “revenge bedtime procrastination,” the Sleep Founda tion describes this phenomenon as the tendency “to sacrifice sleep for leisure time that is driven by a daily schedule 4 (lack) in free time.”
People who spend most of their waking hours
working 5 (experience) a vere lack of “me time”
in which they can be free of responsibilities. Nowadays, some people feel guilty even for resting, so there is a strong craving for uninterrupted personal time.
Daphne Lee, the journalist 6 viral tweet popularized the term, describes revenge bedtime procrastination as an attempt to regain control of our lives. If you are spending most of the day working for someone el, following someone el’s orders, and disciplining yourlf into doing what you’re “suppod” to do,
it is only natural that you 7 desire freedom - at
least for the few quiet hours around midnight.
Some people find that n of control by doing things often thought of as lazy or 8 waste of time - for instance, scrolling through social media or binge-watching TV shows. By
indulging in the activities in the wee hours of the night when the world is asleep, people get a n of “revenge” and control
over 9 they spend their time.
Revenge bedtime procrastination is experienced differently by various groups, 10 being motivated by the same reasons. Parents of young children spend most of their day trying to balance work and childcare, so there is a powerful desire to spend some time alone, free of all obligations. For many parents, this is only possible at night when work hours are over and the kids are asleep.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chon from the box. Each word can only be ud once. Note that there is one word more
Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes(酶)in the
automobile to monitor 11 and nd data on pollution
米酒汤圆的家常做法to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of wha t The New York Times calls “Metal-hungry microbes(微生物)that might be ud to 12 valuable trace metals from ocean water.” They have already demanded and won the right to patent new
life forms.
Nervous 13 , including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific competition in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills” that could spread
dia and destroy entire populations. The creation
and 14 relea of extremely poisonous microbes,
however, is only one cau for alarm. Completely rational
and 15 scientists are talking about possibilities
that stagger(动摇)the imagination.
Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby 16 the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we
biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction time or asmbly-line
workers 17 to do our monotonous work for us? Should
we u genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit” babies? Should we grow rerve organs for ourlves, each of us having, as it were,
a “savings bank” full of 18 kidneys, livers or hands?跷脉
三级钢符号怎么打Wild as the notions may sound, everyone has
its 19 (and oppors) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of
genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their
book Who Should Play God? “Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as asmbly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes 20 practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.”
三、完形填空
Nearly five decades ago, in 1977, Richard Peto, an epidemiologist at the University of Oxford, obrved a contradiction. Cancer begins as mutation(突变)in a single cell. Organisms with more
cells, 21 , should have a higher risk of developing it. Whales, which have 1,000 times as many cells as human beings do, should be increasingly 22 to tumors(肿瘤). In fact, they are blesd with extremely 23 rates of cancer. Huge bodies and tumor resistance have evolved together. The cret
凉拌虾的做法of 24 cancer may therefore be hidden in the genes of giants.
麦秋Inspired by Peto’s paradox, as this contradiction has come to be known, rearchers are exploring rates of cancer and resistance to
cancer in thousands of animal species, with an emphasis
on 25 . Their hope is to translate the animals’ cancer-fighting talents into treatments for people.
Dr Tollis found that as ancestral whales grew,
numerous 26 to their tumor-suppressing(抑制)genes hopped on board. He and his colleagues identified 33 known tumor-suppressing genes in humpback whales that showed evidence
of 27 changes. The included ATR, which detects damage to DNA and 28 the cycle of cell division that cancer-promoting mutations encourage; AMER1, which kills cell growth; and RECK, which 29 metastasis, the tendency of cancer cells of peel off their initial tumor and wander around the body looking for other sites to colonize. Humpback whales also have duplications(复制)in genes that 30 apoptosis, the process that commands mutated cells to commit suicide. All this suggests that the evolution of gigantism in cetaceans(鲸类动物)is associated with strong lective pressure 3
1 genes that conquer cancer.
Cancer biologists are 32 with ART, AMER 1 and RECK becau people have them too. But whales may also harbor tumor-fighting genes 33 to science. The next step is therefore to irradiate(辐照)laboratory-grown lines of whale cells in order to encourage 34 mutations. The eventual goal is to discover which strategies whale genes u to fight cancer. Rearchers will do this by transferring whale genes into human cell lines, 35 tho cells with radiation, and then eing if the whale genes attempt to repair the DNA damage - as human genes often do - or opt for the often more effective method of triggering apoptosis(细胞凋亡).
21.
A．however B．therefore C．otherwi D．furthermore
民无信不立的意思22.
A．resistant B．contrary C．subject D．proportional
23.
A．low B．contrary C．constant D．rapid
24.
A．detecting B．diagnosing C．preventing D．studying 25.
A．alarming speeds B．unique
appearances
C．extraordinary
gifts
D．heavy
weights
26.
A．adaptations B．introductions C．contributions D．modifications 27.
A．fundamental B．advantageous C．irreversible D．long-term 28.
A．suspends B．repeats C．completes D．initiates 29.
A．alters B．limits C．extends D．maintains开始与结束
30.
A．accompany B．block C．avoid D．promote
31.
A．by means of B．with regard to C．in favor of D．on account of 32.
A．associated B．equipped C．familiar D．satisfied 33.
A．related B．unknown C．applied D．peculiar
34.
A．tumor-eliminating B．growth-
stimulation
C．cancer-
causing
D．cell-
dividing
35.
A．forming B．dividing C．killing D．surviving
团结
四、阅读理解
Pride and Prejudice for the Modern Woman
Let us imagine how Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen’s most famous work, might be updated, 200 years on.
Austen’s popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here’s my own suggestion.
It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains derves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by xism.
