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艾滋病30年：回顾过去、展望未来
There was no fanfare on May 20, 1983 whenScience云南元谋人 published what is undoubtedly among the most important medical papers of the 20th century.
1、1983年5月，当《科学》杂志发表了这篇毫无疑问被认为20世纪最重要的论文时，并没有引起很大的关注。
In the usual dry pro, rearchers from the Institut Pasteur in Paris苗建中 described a new retrovirus, which they dubbed lymphoadenopathy associated virus, or LAV.
2、在一如既往的枯燥的文章里，来自法国巴斯德研究所得研究者描述了一个新型的逆转录病毒，与这个病毒相关的疾病被称为淋巴结病，简写为LAV。
It was, they reported, a "typical type-C RNA tumor virus" with a tropism for T-lymphocytes and was similar to -- but clearly distinct from -- human T-cell leukemia virus, which had re
cently been discovered.
3、他们报道说，最近研究发现，这个病毒是T淋巴细胞趋向的典型的C型RNA肿瘤病毒，并且与人类T细胞白血病病毒很相似（但是也有很明显的不同）。
Today, we know it simply as HIV.
4、今天，我们都知道这个病毒就被简单成为HIV。
That paper made very little immediate impression, according to Françoi Barré-Sinoussi, PhD, of the Pasteur institute, who was the lead author and who later shared the 2008 Nobel prize in medicine for the discovery with the nior author Luc Montagnier, PhD.
5、根据巴斯德研究所的医学博士Françoi Barré-Sinoussi说，那篇论文当时没有给人留下太深的印象Françoi博士同时也是这个病毒发现的首席作者，并且与资深作者及医学哲学博士Luc Montagnier秀吧直播>水瓶座女生性格特点因此病毒的发现分享了2008年的诺贝尔医学奖
Partly that was becau HIV/AIDS -- although mysterious and deadly -- was not yet en as a global threat.
6、部分原因是因为尽管HIV/ARDS很神秘和具有致死性，但是并没有被视为全球的威胁。
Finding the virus "was not just an academic problem," Barré-Sinoussi told MedPage Today. "But there were only a few cas and we did not yet have the idea of the magnitude of the infection, the magnitude of the epidemic."
7、发现这个病毒“并不仅是个学术问题。”Barré-Sinoussi告诉今日医学新闻说，“但是仅有几个这样的病例，我们仍然缺乏关于此病的感染程度及流行病学范围的认识”。
窗外有蓝天
And the scientific community wanted more before breaking out the champagne. "We had to accumulate more data about the links between the virus itlf and the dia," she said.
中国铁路发展8、但在开香槟庆祝之前科学委员会还需要更多的数据。“我们不得不积累更多的关于病毒和这个疾病之间关系的数据。”她说。
For tho studying the issue, "it was a very important paper," commented Anthony Fauci, MD, director of the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Dias.
9、对于那些研究这个课题的人来说，“这是一篇非常重要的论文，”国家过敏和感染疾病研究中心的医学博士Anthony Fauci评论说。
But it wasn't a "slam-dunk," he told MedPage Today. "Although it was clear they had isolated the virus ... there was no way to definitively diagno people who were prenting at hospitals" so there was a missing link.
10、他告诉今日医学新闻说：“尽管很明确他们已经分离出了这种病毒，但是这个研究的回报并不可观。现对于入院的患者还没有一个明确的诊断方法。”所以疾病和病毒之间就缺乏了联系。
It was still necessary to demonstrate epidemiological links between the virus and people with AIDS, a demonstration that came the next year with papers by Robert Gallo, MD, then at the National Cancer Institute, and colleagues, Fauci said.
11、Fauci说，流行病学上证实AIDS患者和病毒之间的联系还是很有必要的，这个证明在第二年由国家癌症研究中心的医学博士Robert Gallo和他的同事发表出来。
That rearch provided "epidemiological and rological proof that the virus was unequivocally associated with the dia that we were just then starting to call AIDS," he said.
12、他说，那个研究提供了“流行病学及血清学的证据证实病毒与这个刚刚被我们命名的ARDS疾病有明确联系。”
But as that data accumulated, it became evident that French discovery was indeed significant -- the cau of the dia was finally known. Rearchers optimistically talked about vaccines and cures as if they would be -- not easy, perhaps -- but not out of reach.
13、但是随着数据的积累，这些数据证明法国的发现确实很有意义。疾病的原因最终被明确。研究者们乐观的讨论到疫苗和治愈问题，这好像不太容易实现，但或许也并不是不可能。
This week in Paris, the Pasteur institute will play host to an international symposium to mark the 30th anniversary of that discovery and there is a renewed n of optimism about the pandemic.人死不能复生
14、这周在巴黎，巴斯德研究所将举办一个庆祝病毒发现30周年的国际座谈会，这对疾病的流行将迎来一个全新意义的乐观时代。
But there is also an understanding that HIV remains a tough challenge, Fauci said. He is to deliver a keynote talk and part of its title sums up the past three decades of HIV/AIDS rearch: "much accomplished, much to do."
15、但是现在对于HIV的理解依然是一个艰难的挑战，Fauci说。他发表了一个主题演讲，部分主题总结了过去30年对于HIV/ARDS的研究状况。“完成的成就很多，但也有很多未完
成的任务”。
Among the "much to do," Fauci said, is to crack the tough problems of a vaccine and a cure -- the same tough problems that have dogged the field since 1983.
16、Fauci说，在这些未完成的任务中主要就是打破没有疫苗及无法治愈的艰难问题，自1983年来这个艰难的问题就一直伴随着失败。
At that time, he said, "we didn't realize that HIV was such a difficult virus" and it wasn't yet clear that it would not easily surrender to medical science.
17、那时，他说：“我们没有意识到HIV是一个如此难对付的病毒。”并且当时人们还不清楚HIV难以被医学科学所攻克。网上大药店
On the vaccine front, for instance, the usual approach is to try to mimic nature -- cau an immune respon that first halts, then clears, and then protects against the dia.B
ut in HIV, that's not nature's way, Fauci noted. With vanishingly few exceptions, no one mounts an immune respon that stops, clears, and protects against HIV.
