四级段落翻译练习四冰心原名叫什么名字
【原文】
中国政府高度重视保护环境，认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保护环境。特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，领先科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。 经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。
【参考译文1】The Chine government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection has a bearing on the overall situation of China?s modernization drive and its long-term development and that it is an undertaking which will not only benefit the Chine people of today but also bring benefit to their children and grand children. The Chine government has established environmental prote
高数2ction as a basic national policy. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a ries of measures to protect the environment. Especially in recent years, adhering to the principle of prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough, Chine government has made great efforts to solve tho outstanding environmental problems that threaten people?s health. It has persisted in institutional innovation, relied on technological advances, strengthened the role of law in environmental protection and brought into full play the initiative of various ctors of the society. Thanks to the efforts, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction has slowed down, pollution control in some river basins has achieved some initial success, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved to some extent, and the people?s awareness of the importance of environmental protection has incread further.
中国人口最多的县
【参考译文2】The Chine government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection will have a direct impact on the overall situation of China's modernization drive and its long-term development, and consi
ders environmental protection an undertaking that will not only benefit the Chine people of today but also their children and grandchildren. Years ago, the Chine government established environmental protection as a basic national policy and sustainable development as an important strategy, and has adhered to the road of a new type of industrialization. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a whole array of measures to strengthen environmental protection. Especially in recent years, the Chine government has adhered to focusing on preventive measures, comprehensive control and overall progress with breakthroughs at some key points, and worked hard to solve conspicuous environmental problems threatening people's health. At the same time, it has continued its efforts for institutional innovation, relied on scientific and technological advances, strengthened the legal system of environmental protection, and brought into full play the initiative of people of all walks of life. Thanks to the efforts, although the amount of resource consumption and pollutants is increasing greatly, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction is slowing down; especially, environmental pollution control in some river valleys has en some po
sitive results, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved, and the people's awareness of the importance of environmental protection has enhanced.
【评析】
1.“高度重视”除可译为attach great importance to，外，亦可译为t（或put/lay） great/high store by/on?、lay（或put/place） stress on/upon?、give prominence to?和think highly of?。
2. have a bearing on?需牢记，该短语的含义是to have an effect or influence on sth.。
3.“基本国策”的译法basic national/state policy需牢记。
4.“突出（的）”也可以译为salient。
5. “社会各方面”两种译文处理方法不同，均可参考。people of all walks of life系固定搭配。
6. bring sth. into full play系固定搭配，用来翻译“发挥……的积极性”很妥帖。
7. “经过努力”切不可字对字死译，否则必是中式英语。译为Thanks to the efforts,才是准确的译文。
8. “进一步增强”译为??has incread further不如译为?has enhanced简洁、地道。
【原文】
制冷英文中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。
【参考译文】
The traditional Chine culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long cour. More than 2,000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism repr
ented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism, reprented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chine thought, all being covered by the famous term, "the masters' hundred schools."
From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-n, the traditional Chine culture prents many precious ideas and qualities, which are esntially populist and democratic. For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that the world is for all, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, "everybody is responsible for the ri or fall of the country;" and long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality in houhold management, and respecting teachers and valuing education. All the have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.
【评析】
三七怎么种植1.“中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。”系典型的主谓结构，再仔细分析，可以做如下转化：“中华民族博大精深的传统文化源远流长。”据此将both extensive and profound作
为后置定语译出。整句层次分明，一气呵成。此例具有代表性。
2.“早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。”这是汉语中典型的“无主句”，翻译时可选用英语中的there ＋emerge句型译出。
3.“孔子”和“孟子”及后文的“孙中山”皆有定译，绝不可用汉语拼音翻译。
4.“这就是有名的诸子百家。”虽然在原文中系一句话，但在英译文中却可以作为前一句的附加成分，所以处理为all being covered by the famous term, "the masters' hundred schools."。
5. “许多人民性和民主性的好东西”是在描述“许多珍品”的性质，二者决不是并列关系，“人民性”和“民主性”可分别处理为形容词populist和democratic，由于前文已提及“珍品”，所以同义词“好东西”自然可以省略不译。
6. “天下为公”和“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”均为常见熟语，考生对这类熟语的英译应有较多积累。
7. “起到……的作用”可以用play a role/part in doing sth.对译。
【原文】
许多专家认为，教学改革的当务之急是要改变现在的课程设置和考试办法，不要让孩子只知道“头悬梁，锥刺股，死读书，读死书”。他们指出，教育改革的关键在于使全社会认识到中、小学教育的目的不只是让学生掌握必要的知识，更应该提高学生整体素质，特别是他们对于人生意义和社会责任这些根本的问题要有比较深入的思考。学校要在这些方面深入研究，选择合适的内容和方式引导和帮助学生形成正确的观点。如果学校只强调知识教育而忽视了人生课程的引导，那么培养出来的只是一批文字或者数字机器，而不是准备进入社会的预备人才。
战国策翻译
【参考译文】
Many experts hold the idea that the highest priority in the reform of education system should be given to the improvement and reform in curriculum and examination system in order to avoid a generation paying undue attention to textbooks. They pointed out that th
e key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that the high and primary educations are there, instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students, to improve the students in an all-round way, and especially to guide them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itlf and social responsibility. As to the schools, they try their best to get a better way to gradually guide the students to an appropriate view over the world around them. An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of “memorizing machines”. We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life. 精成语
>水煮大虾
