《国际贸易实务》练习题答案
Key
Chapter 1 Basics of International Trade
Key to Opening Ca
1. T he purpo of doing so is to force Chine Government to increa the value of Renminbi so as to
make Chine exports less competitive.
2. G enerally speaking, the appreciation of a country’s currency may hurt its export, while the devaluation
of the currency may stimulate its export.
Key to Exercis
I.
转口贸易 直接贸易 有形贸易
无形贸易 贸易差额 收支平衡
贸易顺差 贸易逆差 服务贸易
幼稚产业 出口补贴 绿色壁垒
current account capital account tariff barrier
non-tariff barrier ad valorem duty specific duty
favorable BOP unfavorable BOP trade protectionism
free trade import quota revenue tariff
II.
1. I nternational trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and rvices across international borders or
territories. In contrast to international trade as an aggregate concept, the term, foreign trade/overa
trade, is ud to refer to the exchange of goods and rvices of one specific country (region) with other countries (regions). It is also international trade, but viewed from a single country or region’s perspective.
2. Resource reasons, economic reasons, political reasons, etc.
3. (1) The complexity of trading conditions. (2) The complexity of transactions.
(3) Influence from the economic policies home and abroad. (4) More risks.
4. (1) Differences in conditions of trade.
(2) Differences in the complexity of transactions.
(3) Differences in the influence from the economic policies.
(4) Differences in the flow of commodity and production factors.
International Trade Practices
(5) Differences in the influence from monetary policy.
(6) Differences in risks.
5. (1) Credit risks.爱情xxx
(2) Foreign exchange risks.
(3) Transportation risks.
(4) Political risks.
6. T wo key indicators are ud by most countries to measure the effectiveness of their foreign trade:
balance of trade and balance of payments.
7. T rade protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between countries through methods such
as tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, and a variety of other government regulations designed to allow imports to compete fairly against goods and rvices produced domestically.
8. (1) Tariff barriers. (2) Non-tariff barriers.
9. (1) Import quotas. (2) Import licen. (3) Exchange rate manipulation.
(4) Technical standard barriers. (5) Green barriers. (6) Direct subsidies. (7) Export subsidies. 10. (1) Make efforts to increa technology. (2) Promote innovation. (3) Resort to WTO rules.
III.
F F F F F T F F
IV.
1. The reasons for anti-dumping are as follows:
(1) Trade protectionism.
(2) The price of the exported commodity is truly lower than its factory price.
2. G enerally, levying anti-dumping tariff is the major method. Occasionally, additional may be levied as
well.
Chapter 2 International Trade Terms
Key to Opening Ca
It is not reasonable for the buyer to do so becau the risk of goods damage during transit had been transferred from the ller to the buyer when the goods were shipped across the ship’s rail at the port of shipment.
Key to Exercis
I.
1.国际贸易术语解释通则
2.运费率雷锋号
3.承运人
4.增值税
5.班轮
6.装货费
7.卸货费
8.象征性交货
9.单据买卖
10.多式联运
II.
1. Incoterms 2010.
2. 11.
3. 13.
4. FOB, CFR, CIF.
5. (1) Availability of transport.
(2) Customer’s location.
(3) Pricing purpo.
(4) Risks involved.
(5) Loading or unloading facilities and local port custom.
III.
F F F F T T F F T F
IV.
Ca One
Y es. The reason lies in the fact that the risk had been transferred from the ller to the buyer when the goods were shipped across the ship’s rail at the port of shipment.
Ca Two
Y es. Under FOB, it is the buyer’s obligation to charter a ship or book shipping space. Obviously, the buyer in this ca didn’t fulfill his obligation. Therefore the ller is entitled to compensation for the warehou rent, insurance and interest due to the delay.
Chapter 3 Goods Descriptions and Quantity
Key to Opening Ca
The quality of the goods is an indispensable part of a business contract. According to UN Convention on Contracts for International Sales of Goods, it is obligatory for llers to deliver the quality of goods that is identical to that called for in the contract. Company A should produce the sample and products according to the contract that stipulated “Handmade Writing Paper”, while company B also has the obligation to inspect the sample, once the sample is not produced according to the contract, he should notify the ller to change
宝宝口水疹International Trade Practices
it. Therefore, in this ca, both company A and company B have the responsibilities for the loss.
Key to Exercis
I.
1. Sales by Seller’s/Buyer’s Sample 凭卖方/买方样品买卖
2. Quality Tolerance 品质公差
3. More or Less Claus 溢短装条款
4. Counter Sample 对等样品; 回样
II.幸福的秘诀
1. 净重 net weight
2. 约定皮重 computed tare
3. 平均皮重 average tare
4. 公量 conditioned weight
5. 理论重量 theoretical weight
6. 良好平均品质 F.A.Q. (Fair Average Quality)
III.
( F ) mineral ore A. sample
( A ) ordinary garments B. manual
( D ) fish C. F.A.Q.
( E ) Haier washing machines D. G.M.Q.
( B ) medical apparatus E. famous brand
( C ) wheat F. specification
( G ) calligraphic works G. inspection
( H ) power plant generator H. drawing or diagram
IV.
1. Sales as Seen.
2. I f a trade is made in this way, the goods delivered should be the same specification, grade or standard
as stipulated in the sales contract. Specifications are detailed descriptions of the goods to be sold. They include composition, content purity, strength, size, etc. of the goods.The same kind of commodities with different specifications may be classified into different grades, such as large, medium, or small;
Grade A, Grade B, Grade C; Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3… In the ca of the sale by grade, what you have to do with the terms of the quality of the commodity is just simply to state its grade. You don’t have to mention its specifications. By standard we mean tho specifications or grades that are laid down and proclaimed in a unified way by governmental departments or commercial organizations of a country.
V.
Ca One
T he exporter didn’t fulfill his obligation. Though the exporter made shipment on time, in order to
deliver the apples in good quality, he arranged the goods with higher quality, but the quality is not similar to the level on the contract. So the ller breaches the contract. If the buyer lodges a claim, the ller will suffer the loss.
In order to avoid the problem, the ller should ask for the buyer’s opinion firstly.
Ca Two
I n international trade, the more or less clau has ample meaning, it means not only the total quantity
should be subject to the stipulation, but also the quantity in each type. In this ca, though the total quantity has not surpasd the 5%, but the quantity in each type is far away from the stipulation in the contract. So we consider that the ller has breached the quantity clau and the importer’s refusal to receive the goods owing to quantity problems is reasonable.
Chapter 4 Packing and Marking
Key to Opening Ca
Yes, becau the exporter failed to pack the consignment in strict accordance with the packing terms in the L/C. It could have been avoided if the exporter previously amended the L/C.
Key to Exercis
I.励志电影推荐
1.托盘
2.捆
3.运输标志/唛头
4.指示性标志
5.警告性标志
晚上失眠怎么治6.中性包装校园安全图片
7.运输包装电陶炉和电磁炉
8.销售包装
9.货物
10.堆存费
II.
1. T he function is summarized as facilitating transport or promoting sales. The former is popular in
international trade.
2.
Types Characteristics
Hanging type Packages with hooks, hitches, and string bags, etc. which can be hung on the store shelves for direct display.
