初中英语课本第六册
LESSON 1
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
(1) Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people.
(2) We often u a recorder in our English class.
A recorder is often ud in our English class.
(3) They show slides once a week in their class.
Slides are shown once a week in their class.
(4) They publish English textbooks in that publishing hou.
English textbooks are published in that publishing hou.
2
A: Is this kind of telephone
bicycle
TV t
recorder made in Guangzhou?
B: No, it isn’t.
A: Where is it made?
B: It’s made in Shanghai.
DIALOGUE（对话）
ENGLISH IS WIDELY USED
Ping: Dad, I got a “C” in English again. I tried my best.
Dad: Well, don’t give up. English may be hard, but it’s so uful.
Ping: How widely is English ud?
Dad: Very widely. English is one of the working languages at international meetings. It’s probably the most widely ud at tho meetings. And do you know most international business letters are written in English?
Ping: Really? Is English understood by people outside England and the United States?
Dad: Yes. I spoke English when I was in Japan. Many people understood me.
Ping: How about other countries?
Dad: Well, I know that in Sweden and France a lot of people understand English.
Ping: Is English the language spoken by the largest number of people in the world?
Dad: No.
Ping: Then Chine must have the largest number of speakers.
Dad: Right. But Chine is spoken by few people outside China.
Ping: Dad, did people in China study English a long time ago?
Dad: Not so very long ago. In China the first English textbooks were published in the late nineteenth century.
Ping: Did many people in China study English at that time?
Dad: No, not many. But by and by, more and more people began to study English. Later, English was required for study in many schools.
Ping: It’s required in our school now. But, Dad, English is so hard!
Dad: It is hard, but when you’ve learned it, you’ll find it a bridge to so much knowledge. And you’ll find you can enjoy so many more books, if you know English.
Ping: Well, I’ll try harder.
GRAMMAR（语法）
被动语态 (The Passive Voice) (Ⅰ)
1、主动语态和被动语态
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例如：
Many people speak English. （主动语态）
English is spoken by many people. （被动语态）
2、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。现将动词ask的一般现在时被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：
肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式
I am
Yo
u are
He is asked …
She
We
You are
They I am
You are
He is not asked …
She
离婚申请流程
We
You are
They Am I
Are you
Is he
she asked…?
we
Are you
they
3、被动语态的用法
被动语态常用于下列情况：
1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。例如：
A) Letters are collected from this post-box at 7:30 every morning.（主要说明每天早晨七点半钟开邮筒收集信件，至于是谁来收集信件，没有必要说明。）
B) Colour TVs are sold in that shop.（主要说明彩色电视机在那个商店出售，至于由谁售货，没有必要说明。）
2）需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。例如：
A) This kind of bike is not made in our factory.
B) Football is played in most middle schools.
4、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
把主动结构改为被动结构时，要作如下变动：
1） 主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语；
2） 主动结构的谓语动词有主动语态变为被动语态；
3） 主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时，by短语可以省略。例如：
Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people.
B) We often u a recorder in our English class. →
A recorder is often ud (by us) in our English class.
LESSON 2
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
(1) The PLA liberated my home town in 1949.
My home town was liberated in 1949.
(2) The villagers built some new hous themlves.
Some new hous were built by the villagers themlves.
(3) Joe Hill led a strike in Salt Lake City in 1915.
A strike was led by Joe Hill in Salt Lake City in 1915.
(4) The pianist gave the pupils some advice.
The pupils were given some advice by the pianist.
2
A: When was the Chine Communist Party
the Chine People’s Liberation Army
the people’s Republic of China founded?
B: It was founded on July 1, 1921.
August 1, 1927.
October 1, 1949.
TEXT（课文）
JOE HILL
You may know the song about Joe Hill. But do you know that the song was written about a real person?
Here is the story of Joe Hill.
He was born in Sweden in 1879. When he was in his twenties he went to the United States and became a worker. At that time, things were hard for the workers. Joe took an active part in(积极参加) the workers’ struggles for better pay and better conditions. He helped to form trade unions. He spoke at meetings and organized strikes.
Joe was a good musician and at the meetings he sang and played the piano. He himlf wrote the words and music of the songs. Many of the songs called on(号召) the workers to take up the struggle(从事斗争).
Joe Hill was a tall, thin, good-looking man. He had
fair hair and blue eyes. His comrades liked him, but the boss hated him, becau they were afraid of his work among the workers and afraid of his songs. He was a fearless fighter for the working class.
In 1915 Joe Hill led a strike in Salt Lake City. The boss knew that Joe was the soul of the strike and decided to get rid of(除掉，去掉) him. They need an excu and they soon found one. One day a man was murdered. The boss then brought out(提供，推出) a man who said that Joe was the murderer. Joe was tried and ntenced to death. He was shot on November 19, 1915.
Even while he was in prison, Joe Hill went on writing songs to keep up(坚持；不使斗志等低落) the workers’ fight. Just before he was killed, he nt a message to his comrades all over the country. The were his last words: “Don’t waste time mourning. Organize.”
On the day he was killed, a speaker at a big meeting said: “Joe Hill isn’t dead! He will never die!” To this day(直到今天) his name is remembered by fighting workers in the United States.
物理题初二
GRAMMAR（语法）
被动语态 (The Passive Voice) (Ⅱ)
5、一般过去时被动语态的肯定式、否定式和疑问式（以动词ask为例）
肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式
I was
You were
He was asked …
She
We
You were
They I was
You were
He was not asked …
She
We
You were
They Was I
Were you
Was he
she asked…?
we
Were you
they
6、含有直接宾语和 的主动结构变为被动结构时，可以将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动。一般是主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语。例如：
The pianist gave the pupils some advice. →
(间接宾语)（直接宾语）
The pupils were given some advice (by the pianist).
Some advice was given to the pupils (by the pianist)
LESSON 3
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
A: You’re just back from your home town, aren’t you?
B: Yes.
A: How are things there?
B: Excellent. Great changes have taken place the last two years.
A new school
A big building
A new road has been opened
put up
built in my home town
2
A: Has the play
this programme
this song been put on at this theatre?
shown on TV?
taught on the radio?关于节约粮食的名言
B: Yes, it was put on
shown
taught last week.
A: Will it be put on
shown
taught again?
B: Yes, I think so. (I’m sorry I don’t know.)
TEXT（课文）
DUSTMEN ON STRIKE
It is Thursday morning. No dustmen come to the Turners’ road. They are still on strike. And the rubbish has not been collected for weeks.
The Turners are sitting at the breakfast table. Mr Turner is reading the newspaper. It is time for Robert to go to school.
Robert: I’d better be going. ’Bye.
Mrs Turner: Oh, Robert, take the bag of rubbish out to the dustbin, plea.
Robert: But where can I put it? The dustbin is full, Mum.
Mrs Turner: Hasn’t it been emptied yet? Well, just p
ut it near the dustbin, then.
Robert: All right. ’Bye.
Mrs Turner: This really is too bad. The dustbins haven’t been emptied for three weeks.
Mr Turner: Hm?
Mrs Turner: All the dustbins are full, and there are bags of rubbish everywhere. The whole street has been turned into one big rubbish dump. It smells terrible.
Mr Turner: And it can bring more trouble.
Mrs Turner: More trouble?
Mr Turner: Yes, we’ve been warned to be careful of rats.
Mrs Turner: Aren’t the dustmen going back to work yet?
Mr Turner: No, they aren’t. Look, there’s a report here in the newspaper, with pictures. I’ll read it to you.
(reads)
STRIKE GOES ON
Things are getting wor. No rubbish has been collected since the dustmen went on strike three weeks ago. Dustbins are full, and plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in the streets. The smell is terrible. In some places rats have even been en, and people have been warned to be careful.
The public wants to know: why hasn’t anything been done to end the strike? The dustmen say they are badly paid and they want more money. They are not going back to work until they get it. But that is not all. They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
Mrs Turner: That’s true. Their job is important and necessary to us all.
Mr Turner: Something must be done to end the strike.
GRAMMAR（语法）
被动语态 (The Passive Voice) (Ⅲ)
7、一般将来时和现在完成时的被动语态
1）一般将来时
I will (shall)
You
科学幻想画图片
He will
She be asked …
We will (shall)
You
They will 2）现在完成时
I have
You
He has been asked …
She
We
You have
They
8、短语动词的被动语态
一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，因为只有及物动词才可能有动作的承受者。但有许多由不及物动词加介词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，因而也可以有被动语态。但应注意：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。例如：
a) The workers have put up a big building in my home town. →
A big building has been put up in my home town.
b) They took good care of the children. →
The children were taken good care of.
LESSON 4
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
A: Can this lock
this kind of key
this radio be repaired
made
fixed here?
B: Yes, it can be repaired
made
fixed in two days.
ten minutes.
three days.
2
A: When must the composition
the drawing
the money for the tickets be handed in?
B: It must be handed in after class.
five days before the exhibition.
sometime before Friday.
TEXT（课文）
WATER, STEAM AND ICE
We have all played with snow and ice. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes smaller and smaller, until in the end it disappears completely. Where has it gone
长白山游记
? It has been turned into water by the heat.
In winter, when clothes are washed, they don’t dry easily. They are often hung up near a fire. Soon steam can be en rising from the wet clothes. The water in them is being turned into vapour, and th
ey get drier and drier. When no more steam comes out, they must be taken away from the heat of the fire, or they might get burnt.
If you hold a mirror clo in front of your mouth and blow on it, you will find the glass covered at once with little drops of water. The warm water vapour in your breath has been changed into water on the cold glass. Now stop blowing, and soon you will find the glass clear again – the little drops of water have disappeared becau they have again been turned into vapour by the warm air around them.
Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather, and it will soon be covered with ice. If it is not taken inside the room, sooner or later the whole basin of water may be turned into a block of ice.
Most matter has three states: solid, liquid and gas. Solids can usually be turned into liquids and liquids into gas if we rai their temperatures high enough. On the other hand, gas can often be turned into liquids and liquids into solids if they are made cold enough.
This change of state is a physical change and not a chemical one. If a piece of wood is heated to a high temperature, it begins to burn. Light and heat are nt out, together with heavy smoke, and soon only black charcoal is left. That is called a chemical change.
GRAMMAR（语法）
被动语态 (The Passive Voice) (Ⅳ)
9、现在进行时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态由“助动词be + being + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
The water is being turned into vapour.
10、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
A) This lock can be repaired in two days.
B) The composition must be handed in after class.
C) A basin of water may be turned into a block of ice in freezing weather.
什么是反义词
11、被动结构小结
时 态 被 动 结 构
一般现在时 I + am
He (She) + is + p.p. * (+介词或副词)
You (We, They) + are
一般过去时 I (He, She) + was + p.p. (+介词或副词)
We (You, They) + were
一般将来时 I (We) + will (shall) + be + p.p. (+介词或副词)
You (He, She, They) + will
情态动词 can
I (He, She, We, You, They) + may + be + p.p. (+介词或副词)
must
现在完成时 I (We, You, They) + have + been + p.p. (+介词或副词)
He (She) + has
现在进行时 I + am
小孩打呼噜He (She) + is + being + p.p. (+介词或副词)
You (We, They) + are
* p.p. = past participle 过去分词
LESSON 5
TEXT（课文）
COMPUTERS
The computer is a wonderful ma研究性论文
