同位语从句讲与练
一 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
二 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, word, question, reply, report, 等
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
三 引导词：由连词that ; （whether）引导 ;
1.如同位语从句意义完整，应公正的反义词用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。
析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。
2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义孙倩颖，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）
例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。
析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。
3. 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when , why, how亦可引导同位语从句。如同位语从句意砚眼义不完整，需增加"什么时候、什么地点、什么方式，谁，哪一个，什么"等含义，应用连接副词和连接代词等词引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
We haven’t yet ttled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
四 语气：在suggestion; advice; order; request 等表示“建议，命令，要求”等词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词常用“（should） + 动词原形”虚拟结构。Should 可以省略
. This is our only request that this (should) be ttled as soon as possible.
He gave many suggestions that we (should)get up earlier and take more exerci.
The government gave the order that all the hous (should)be pulled down in three weeks.
五 that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的引
导词均不在从句中作成分；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。
区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。
如：The report that he was going to resign was fal.
他将辞职的传闻是假的。
因为大年初五迎财神the report was that he was going to resign 句意通顺，所以，that he was going to resign 是同位语从句。
We expresd the hope (that/which) they had expresd.（定语从句）
怎么补羊水
We expresd the hope that they would come to visit China again. （同位语从句）
The news(that/which)he told me just now is true. （定语从句）
The news that I have pasd the exam is true.（同位语从句）
颓丧的意思The advice(that/which)he gave was supported by us all.（定语从句）
The advice that we(should) t out at once was supported by us all.（同位语从句）
小结：名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。它的功能相当于名词，引导名词性从句的引导词归纳起来可分为以下三类:
连接词
that:不做成分,无意思作文写童话故事,不可 省(宾语从句除外)
Whether:不做成分,具备意思,不可省
What/how等特殊疑问词:做成分,具备意思,不可省
that
1.That he will come is certain.
2.The truth is that I have never been there
3.They pretended (that) they were reading in the room.
4.The fact that she had not said anything surprid all of us.
Whether
1.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.
2.Our first question is whether you like music.
3.I wonder whether it is true or not.
4.The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
同位语从句练习
用适当的连接词填空：
It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning gray.
2.I have no idea _____ we can do with the waste materials.
3.____the doctor really doubts is____my mother will recover from the rious dia soon.
4.It is hoped____nature will never be destroyed.
回老家5.____do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6.-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
-- Is that ____ you had a few days off?
7. Word came____I was wanted at the office.
8.Do you know ____of them will be our new headmaster?
