Ⅱ. B. Questions on Structure and Style:
1. The purpo of this essay is to demons trate that logic, far from beinga dry, pedant ic subject, is a living, breath ing thing, full of beauty, passio n, and trauma. Logic may be an interesting subjec t. The writer is exagge ratin g for the sake of humor. The writer employs a whole variety of writin g techniquest o make his story vivid, dramat ic and colorf ul. The lexica l spectrum is colorful from the ultra learned terms ud by the concei t ed narrat or to the infra clipped vulgar forms of Polly Espy. He us figura tive langua ge profus ely and also gramma tic inversion for specia l emphas is. The speed of the narrat ion is mainta ined by the u of short ntences, ellipt ical nten ces and dashes throughout the story. This mix adds to the realism of the story.
2. The topic nten ce of paragr aph 47 is : He was a torn man. The writer develo ps the idea expresd in the topic nten ce by describing vividly how hard it is for Petey Burcht o choose between his girlfr iend and raccoo n coat. Being very obrv ant and superb ly to illust rativ e examples to develo p the theme, the writer succes sfully to brings forth the scene in which Petey Burch’s desire for the raccoon coat waxes and his resolu tion not to give his girlfr iend wanes. The reader can easily come to the conclu sion that it is hard and painfu l decision for him to make.
3. The narrat or refers to Pygmalion and Franke nstein becaus e just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he fashio ned, the narrat or loved Polly Espy, who he had fashioned according to his plan. Howeve r, when he begged Polly’s love, he was reject ed. He got same result as Franke nstein, who create d a monste r that destro yed him. In this n, the allusion are chon aptly. The wholet hing backfired on the narrator when Polly employed all the “logical fallac ies” she had been taught to reject his offer. The end of story finds t hat the narrat or has got what he derves. He has been too clever for his own.
4. An example of simile
My brain was as powerful as dynamo,as precis e as a chemis t’s scales, as penetr a ting as a scalpel.(comparing his brain to three differ ent things)(para. 1) An example of metaph or
There follow s an inform al essayt hat ventur es even beyond lamb’s frontier.(compar ing the limitation t by lamb to a frontier)(author’s note) An example of hyperb ole
It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect.(hyperbole for effect)(para. 2) An example of metonymy
Otherw i you have commit ted a Dicto Simpliciter.(Otherw i you have commit ted a logica l fallacy called a “Dicto Simpliciter”.)(para. 70) An example of antith esis
It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make a ugly smart girl beautiful.(“beautiful, dumb and smart” are balanc ed agains t “ugly, smarta nd beaut
企业标准模板iful”)(para.24) 5. Colloquialisms and ud in the text: dumb, pin-up, kid, go steady, date, casual kick, well-heeled, laughs, terrific, magnificent, mad, call it a night, yummy, fire away. Darn.
Slang ud in the text: nothin g upstairs, keen, dal, knock (onelf) out, dreamy, how cute,rat, knot head, jitterbug.
6.A freshm an at a law school is made the narrat or of the whole stroy. It’s from his point of view that the stroy is told. Since the whole stroy is pren ted as his personal experiences, we the reader s tend to rely on what narrat or tells us.
Ⅲ. Paraph ra
1. He is a nice enough young fellow, you know, but he is empty-headed.
2. A passin g fashio n or craze, in my opinio n, shoes a comple t e lack of reason.
3. I ought to have known that raccoon coat would come back to fashio n when the Charleston dance, which was popula r in the 1920s, came back
4. All the import ant and fashio nable men on campus are wearin g them. How come you don’t know?
5. My brain, which is a precis ion instrument, begant o work at a high speed.
6. Except for one thing (intelligenc e) polly had all other requir ements.
7. She was not as beautiful as tho girls in poster s but i felt sure she would become beautiful enough after some time.
8. In fact, she was in the opposite direct ion, that is, she is not intelligent but rather stupid.
9. If you are no longer involv ed with her (if you stop dating her) others would be free to compete to get her as a girlfr iend.
10. His head turned back and forth (lookin g at the coat then lookin g away from the coat). Every t ime he looke d his desire for the coat grew stronger and his resolu tion not to give away polly become weaker.
考试的考11. To teach her to think appear ed to be rather big task.
12. One must admit the outcom e does not look very hopeful, but i decided to try one more time. 13. There is a limit to what any human being can bear.
14. I planned to be Pygmalion, to fashio n an ideal wife for mylf, but i turned out to be Frankenstein becaus e polly(the result/produc t of my hard work) ultima telyr eject ed me and ruined my plan.15. Desper ately i triedt o stop the feelin g of panic that was overwh elmin g me.
Ⅳ. Practice with words and expres sions
大意的意思
A.
1. dynamo: a machin e that change s some other form of power direct ly into electr icity
2. flight : fleein g or runnin g away from
3. Charle ston: a lively dance in 4/4 time, charac terized by a twisting step and popula r durin
g the 1920's
4. shed: cast off or lo hair
5. in the swim: confor ming to the curren t fashio ns or active in the main curren t of affair s
6. practice: the exerci of a profession of occupa tion
7.pin-up: (Americ an colloquialism)design ating a girl who xual attrac tiveness makes her a subjec t for the kind of pictur es often pinned up on walls
8. makings: the material or qualit ies needed for the making or develo pment of someth ing
9. carria ge: manner of carrying the head and body; physic al postur e bearin g: way of carrying onelf; manner
10. go steady: (Americ an colloquialism)date someon e of the opposite x regula rly and exclus ively; be sweeth earts
11. out of the pictur e: not consid ered as involv ed in a situat ion 12. deposi t: (facetious)put，lay or t down
13. brief: a concis e statem ent of the main points of a law ca, usually filed by counsel for the inform ation of the court
14. 1et—up: stopping; relaxing
B.
1．fashio n和fad均为名词。f ashio n主要指某人，尤其指文学、艺术界或社会上流人物在某一特定场合或时间内穿衣、讲话等方面的姿态或习惯。fad指由某种感情引起的一时的爱好或者一时流行的风尚。
2．incredulous和incr edibl e均为形容词。incredulous是“不轻易相信的”、“表示怀疑的”的意思，指对某人的能力或意志力持怀疑和不相信态度。incred ible是“不可相信的”意思，
指某件事不平凡或不大可能存在，因而表示怀疑或不可相信。
3．passio n和eagernes s均为名词。passio n指一种强烈的愿望或感情，这种愿望或感情往往会产生一种不可抗拒的或者必然的结果。e agern ess意即“渴望”或“热情”，但往往含有不耐烦的意味。
4．feelin g和emo tion均是名词。feelin g在没有上下文限制的时候，往往指人们在主观上反映的一种
老鹅汤
高兴或不高兴的感觉或感情。emotio n指由于精神上或身体上受到外界某种刺激而引起的一种强烈的情感或情绪。
5．reveal和show均为动词。r eveal指公开或揭露某种秘密或隐蔽的东西，好像是揭开一种掩饰物似的。show指某种事物或者东西“展现”在眼前，以便能看得到和看得清。 6．tempt 和incline均为动词。tempt意为“”、“诱惑”，指一种强有力的诱惑，这种诱惑能克服对某一事物的顾忌或推断。inclin e意为“倾向于”、“有…的倾向”，指对某事物或行动或多或少表现出一种暖昧的心理倾向。 7．exaspe ratio n和dis appointmen t均为名词。exasperatio n指使某人忍无可忍或者使某人失去自控力的强烈愤怒或生气。disappointm ent意为“失望”、“失意”，指某人对某件事情感到没希望或失去信心。
一个正团级月薪多少钱8．exaspe ratio n和dis appointmen t均为名词。exaspe ratio n指使某人忍无可忍或者使某人失去自控力的强烈愤怒或生气。disappointm ent意为“失望”、“失意”，指某人对某件事情感到没希望或失去信心。
9．amument和m e rrim ent均为名词。amum ent意为“娱乐”、“消遣”，指一种令人愉快的精神消遣，尤其是某种幽默的事物或谈笑使人感到很有乐趣。merrim ent意为“愉快”、“欢乐”，指充满趣味和笑声的某种事物。 10．1anguish和su ffer均为动词。languish 指由于渴望而苦恼或遭受痛苦。suffer指由于伤害、悲痛或损失等原因而被迫遭受、蒙受痛苦或不愉快的事情。 C.
1．这几个词都是形容词，指人的智力或感觉等方面具有较高的灵敏性或灵活性。keen指在智力或感觉、视觉、听觉等五官方面是敏锐的或敏捷的，尤指具有解决复杂或疑难问题的特殊能力。 acute意为“敏锐的”，指具有观察到别人没有注意到的某种意义、感情、意见、颜色、音调等的细微差别的能力，也指具有某种非常敏锐的神经注意力，这种注意力持续的时间不长。 astute意为“敏锐的”、“精明的”、“聪明的”，指对某领域或某学科有很深的造诣或者有一定的体验的能力或洞察力。perspicacio us在这些单词中最为正式的用词，强调具有高度的洞察力。 calculating意为“精明的”，“精于算计的”，尤指会打小算盘。 2．intelligent指具有善于从经验中学习或领会或对新事物迅速作出反应的能力。 cleve r意为“聪明的”，“伶俐的”，指善于理解、善于学习，但有时含有“不够深入”的意思。bright和smar t比较口语化，一般可代替前面几个词中的任何一个。 brilliant意为“英明的”，指具有非凡的智力或理解力。
D.
1. The fallacy of unqualified genera lizat ion or "a Dicto Simpli c iter ad dictum cund um quid".
教育革命2. The fallac y of Hasty Genera lizat ion.
3. The fallacy of "post hoe, ergo propte r hoc".
4. The fallac y of Hypoth esis Contra ry to Fact.
5. The fallacy of "post hoc, ergo propte r hoe".
6. The fallac y of Ad Miricordiam.
7. The fallacy of unqualified genera lizat ion or "a Dicto Simpli c iter ad dictum cund um quid".
8. The fallac y of Hasty Genera lizat ion.
V.
1.我的大脑像发电机一样发达，孳化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利、
2.见到一种新鲜的东西就跟着学，以为别人都在那么干，自己也就卷进去傻干——这在我
看来，简直愚蠢至极。
3.我要特别说明的是，我想得到这妙龄少女并不是由于感情的驱使。
4.使一个漂亮的笨姑娘变得聪明比使一个聪明的丑姑娘变得漂亮毕竟要容易些。
5.他神情不安，用面包店窗前的流浪儿那种馋涎欲滴的神情望着那件皮大衣，接着扭过头去，坚定地
咬紧牙关。过了一会儿，他又回过头来把目光投向那件皮大衣，脸上露出更加渴望的神情。等他再扭过头去，已经不那么坚决了。
6.说不定她头脑里的死火山口中的什么地方，还有些火星会喷射出来呢。
7.毕竟，外科医生在做手术时可以看X光片，律师在审案时可以看案由，木匠在造房子时可以看蓝图。
8.如果居里夫人不是碰巧把一张照相底片放在装有一块沥清铀矿石的抽屉里，那么世人今天就不会知道镭。
女足精神
9.突然，一道智慧的光芒——这是我从未看到过的一一闪现在她的眼中。
10.看到波利并不那么傻，我的劲头上来了。于是，我便开始把对她讲过的一切，长时间地、耐心地复习了一遍。in是什么
