科目代码: | 651 | 科目名称: | 综合英语（含英汉互译） |
适用专业: | 050201英语语言文学、红花片050211外国语言学及应用语言学 | ||
提示： 1、请将所有答案写于答题纸上，写在试题上的不给分； 2、请填写准考证号后6位：____________。 Part One Vocabulary (45%, 1.5 points each) Directions: In this part you must complete the following ntences by choosing one suitable word or phra from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. I know nothing about the man’s background ______ he’s got a Ph. D. degree in chemistry. A. except B. except that C. besides D. besides that 2. ______ the harmful effects of smoking, he decided to give it up. A. Convinced of B. Convincing C. Convincing of D. Convinced by 3. In a state of crisis, it is usually the weak that goes ______. It goes ______ nations as well as individuals. A. down, for B. under, to C. out, for D. under, for 4. After graduation he decided to go ______ business. But as time went ______ he began to find it boring. He couldn’t imagine himlf spending all his life going ______ money. 三日不绝 A. in for, off, for B. after, along at C. in for, on, after D. into, on, upon 5. I don’t go ______ hard rock. It’s much too noisy ______ my taste. A. after, with B. for, for C. with, with D. with, for 6. Can you help me ______ my paper? I don’t know how to go ______ it. A. with, about B. on, about C. for, with D. at, for 7. The news of this killing in broad daylight got ______ very quickly. But the murderer was not at all afraid. He thought that becau he was the son of the police chief, he could get ______ with it. A. round, on B. about, way C. round, away D. back, on 8. I hear you subscribe ______ South China Weekend. Which ction are you particularly fond ______? A. from, at B. in, off C. at, of D. to, of 9. They were just ______ you. They meant no harm. A. ridiculing B. teasing C. mocking D. laughing at 10. The two sisters always have a lot to tell each other, either over the phone or ______ person. A. in B. with C. under D. of 11. As soon as she got home, she t ______ preparing dinner. A. to B. forth C. about D. out 12. Many obrvers believe that a new economic recession has t ______ for that country. A. out B. off C. down D. in 13. The rare birds are ______ illegally and exported for big profits. A. caught B. captured C. arrested D. ized 14. May I ______ you to turn down that air-conditioner a little bit? A. annoy B. disturb C. trouble D. bother 15. ______ to the funeral of a big shot in show business, the couple tried to get a chance to be en there. A. Invited not B. Not having invited C. Weren’t invited D. Not having been invited 16. A month ago, at Giza, just outside Cairo, construction workers unearthed some flat stones ______ were written the rules for training school-leavers. A. where B. on which C. there D. in which 17. Stand together, yet not too near together: For the pillars of the temple stand apart and the oak tree and the cypress grow not in ______ shadow. A. their B. the C. one another D. each other’s 18. Some first-generation college students carry ______ hopes and dreams of ______ parents for a better life than they have had. A. /, their B. their, the C. the, their D. the, / 19. My grandmother’s eyelids ______ and she dozed peacefully, with the clock ticking rhythmically and the logs crackling cheerfully. A. dangled B. drooped C. sagged D. stooped 20. As the final examination was drawing near, Theresa spent the rest of the day with her books, trying to ______ with some reading. A. make up B. pick up C. catch up D. hurry up 21. The speech he made about the prervation of beauty spots and the sites of special scientific interest was beyond ______. A. reproach B. blame C. scold D. reprimand 22. Be careful! The ______ of your glass is cracked. A. edge B. verge C. fringe D. rim 23. According to the director, the new actress, expressionless and indifferent, are simply ______ the lines. A. executing B. murdering C. killing D. slaughtering 24. It’s a good thing to spend some time eing your own country from the outside: it helps you to get a n of ______. A. ratio B. symmetry C. proportion D. relation 25. In Shanghai’s employment system reforms, many experienced Party cretaries have become contracted employees just like their subordinates, ______ themlves to new conditions. A. adopting B. adapting C. adept D. abdicating 26. When they were evicted for not paying the rent, they wept, wailed and ______ their teeth. A. gnashed B. bit C. chewed D. nibbled 27. At the football match, the ______ were thoroughly aroud by the flexibility of the players. A. audiences B. on-lookers C. spectators D. crowds 28. You can rest ______ that the talented young cretary has been able to confirm what he said in the original report. A. reassured B. ensured C. insured D. assured 29. One the fight was over; he had to start learning how to run the hotel from ______. A. scratch B. nothing C. ignorance D. blank 30. It’s impossible to ______ the two points of view becau they are too different. A. compromi B. unite C. reconcile D. combine Part Two Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A (30 points, 2 points each) Directions: In this part there are three passages followed by a total of 15 multiple choice questions, each with four suggested answers marked with A, B, C and D. Choo the ONE you think is the best answer and then write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Text A In nature as in culture, diversity can be a difficult concept. Understanding it is one thing, accepting it another, especially when diversity means not only acknowledging a pre-existing mixture of difference --- the very ampleness of the world — but also accommodating an adjustment to the existing state of things. A ca in point is the reintroduction of gray wolves in Yellowstone National Park. Thirty-three wolves were relead in 1995, and their number has now reached 97. Population expansion is one measure of the wolf program’s success, but a better one is the wolves’ impact on the natural diversity of the park. Typically, a pack of the Yellowstone wolves kills a big deer every few days. But over the remains the wolves abandon, a wonderful new diversity has emerged. Since their arrival, wolves have killed many of the park’s coyotes, a smaller kind of wolf. The reduction in coyotes has caud an increa in rodents such as mice, rabbits and squirrels, which also benefits a wide range of predators. Even the coyotes that live at the margins of wolf country have prospered, thanks to the leftovers the wolves leave behind. So do grizzly bears, which feed on wolf-killed deer before beginning hibernation or winter sleep. What has interested scientists is the swiftness, the dynamism, of this shift in diversity. There has been, however, no matching dynamism in the opinion of humans who oppo the wolf reintroduction. That was made plain by a Federal district judge’s recent order to “remove” the wolves, the result of a legal process that is the offspring of inflexibility. Several livestock groups, including the Wyoming Farm Bureau, had filed a suit that urged, in slightly cleverer terms, the old proposition, no wolves, no problems. Several environmental groups had filed a parate lawsuit --- unconnected to the Yellowstone wolves — protesting the dropping of legal protection for wolves that were recolonizing Idaho. The two suits were unfortunately merged. Though Judge William Downes stayed his own decision pending appeal, his judgment is a sad encouragement to the mistaken defensiveness of most ranchers or cattle farmers. It is also a misunderstanding of the purpo of the environmentalists’ suit. His decision needs to be swiftly and decisively overturned on appeal. It is no exaggeration to say that since the return of the wolves, Yellowstone has witnesd an economy of diversity from which human culture — including the culture of ranching — can directly profit, if only it choos to do so. 31. By saying “diversity can be a difficult concept”, the author implies that ______. A. natural diversity is more difficult to explain than cultural diversity B. people don’t understand what natural diversity means, let alone accept it C. it’s hard for people to get rid of old concepts, much less create new ones D. people don’t e the difference between cultural and natural diversity 32. Since the arrival of 33 wolves in the Yellowstone National Park, ______. A. a dynamic biological chain has started to function稻香的歌词 B. animals kept in the park have had enough food C. some animals that are not wanted have been vanishing D. the attraction of the park is greatly incread 耳水 33. The author believes that Judge William Downes was obviously on the side of ______. A. The Yellowstone Park B. livestock groups C. environmental groups D. Federal laws 34. According to the author, the protection of wolves will ______. A. bring about an economic boom to the surrounding farms and ranches B. cau bigger loss of livestock to the Park’s neighboring farms C. lead to a number of controversies in the society D. prove to be beneficial to all parties concerned 35. The best title for the text would be ______. A. Natural Diversity Versus Cultural Diversity B. Human Dynamism Needed for a Balanced Ecosystem C. The Controversy over the Yellowstone Wolves D. The Cost of Raising Wolves Versus Its Benefits Text B 个人读书计划How should one read a book? In the first place, I want to emphasize the note of interrogation at the end of my beginning ntence. Even if I could answer the question for mylf, the answer would apply only to me and not to you. The only advice, indeed, that one person can give another about reading is to take no advice, to follow your own instincts, to u your own reason, to come to your own conclusion. If this is agreed between us, then I feel at liberty to put forward a few ideas and suggestions becau you will not allow them to fetter (restrict) that independence which is the most important quality that a reader can posss. After all, what laws can be laid down about books? The battle of Waterloo was certainly fought on a certain day; but is Hamlet a better play than Lear? Nobody can say. Each must decide that question of himlf. To admit authorities, however heavily furred and gowned, into our libraries and let them tell us how to read, what to read, what value to place upon what we read, is to destroy the spirit of freedom which is the breath of tho sanctuaries. Everywhere el we may be bound by laws and conventions — there we have none. But to enjoy freedom, if this old statement is pardonable, we have of cour to control ourlves. We must not waste our powers, helplessly and ignorantly, spraying water around half the hou in order to water a single ro-bush; we must train them, exactly and powerfully, here on the very spot. This, it may be, is one of the first difficulties that faces us in a library. What is “the very spot”? There may well em to be nothing but a conglomeration and huddle of confusion. Poems and novels, histories and memoirs, dictionaries and blue-books; books written in all languages by men and women of all tempers, races, and ages jostle each other on the shelf. And outside the donkey brays, the women gossip at the pump, the colts gallop across the fields. Where are we to begin? How are we to bring order into this multitudinous chaos and so get the deepest and widest pleasure from what we read? 36. Which of the following is true? A. The author does not have a correct answer to the question. B. The author implies that she is not interested in the question. C. The author thinks there may be different answers to the question. D. The author wonders if there is any point in asking the question. 37. A good reader should, according to the author, be able to ______. A. maintain his own viewpoints concerning reading B. take advice from everybody instead of any one person C. share his experience in reading with others D. take the suggestions other people give him 38. In comparing Hamlet with Lear, the author means that ______. A. Hamlet is better than Lear B. Hamlet is not any better than Lear C. Both plays are good works D. There is no way to tell which is better 39. To the author, the advice in reading given by authorities is ______ A. the most important for readers B. unlikely to be helpful to readers C. our guidance in choosing what to read D. only uful in the libraries 40. What is “one of the first difficulties that faces us in a library”? A. We may become too excited to be quiet in the library. B. We do not make best u of the library books. C. We may get totally lost as to what to choo to read. D. We cannot concentrate on our reading in the library. Text C The British queue up and the Americans wait in line. It is estimated that Americans spend up to five years of their lives in that tedious, stressful but unavoidable process known as waiting. The estimate comes from Dr. Thomas Saaty, a University of Pittsburgh mathematician and systems analyst who is also an authority on waiting lines or queues, as scientists call them. “Being forced to wait in long lines by faceless institutions is like being victimized by a monster,” he remarked the other day in a telephone interview. “Studies show that otherwi rational people act irrationally when forced to stand in line or wait in crowds, even becoming violent. Remember the gas lines a few years ago?” Standing in line is not a necessary requisite to being part of a queue, as Dr. Saaty pointed out. Once can be trapped on “hold’ at the end of a phone line, stacked up over an airport, tied up in highway traffic, delayed in a doctor’s crowded waiting room. Of cour, queues are more than a matter of academic interest to ordinary people. They are a trim reality of city life. While there ems to be no connsus on the city’s worst line, the ones mentioned most often in talks here and there were lunchtime lines at banks and post offices and, among younger people, movie lines and college-registration lines. “Department stores,’ said Margot Albrecht, who rents missing a day’s work as a systems engineer to wait for furniture deliveries, another queue of sorts. “They always tell you to expect delivery from on. You sit home waiting and waiting, and they always arrive at ” “Supermarkets,” said Ed Frantz, a graphic artist, who once abandoned a full shopping cart in the middle of a long checkout line. It was not a political act. “The line was filled with coupon clippers and check writers,” he recalled, “and suddenly I had to walk away. Food no longer matters.” In any line the fundamental rule is first come, first rved, or what social scientists call “distributive justice”. Exceptions may be made, say, in fancy restaurants where the headwaiters have their favorites, but, in general, the rule prevails. In theory, then, everyone should have an equal interest in keeping an orderly line. In practice, the interest varies depending on one’s position in line. Rearchers demonstrated this when they took turns barging into two kinds of lines — railroad ticket lines at Grand Central Terminal and theater ticket lines at Duffy Square. In both cas the strongest protests came from the immediate victims or the people directly behind the line jumpers. People farther down the line complained less or not at all, even though they had been equally penalized by losing a place. 41. We can infer from the text that what happened in “the gas lines a few years ago” had something to do with ______. A. a monster B. mathematics C. violence D. an interview 42. Ed Frantz abandoned his shopping cart in the middle of a checkout line becau ______. A. he forgot to bring his checkbook with him 伞像什么 B. he remembered he had something el to do C. he ran out of patience waiting in line D. he does not like the food of the supermarket 43. We may conclude from the text that in fancy restaurants the headwaiters ______. A. often break the rule of first come, first rved B. obrve the rule of “distributive justice” best C. usually rve the customers who come first D. like to offer their favorite food to customers 44. From the rearchers’ experiments in two ticket office lines we learn that ______. A. people standing in the theater line are more tolerant to line jumpers B. people directly behind the line jumpers are usually the angriest C. line jumpers are often punished by losing a place in line D. people standing in line are interested in different things around them 45. Which of the following can be logically concluded from the text? A. Only psychologists and sociologists are interested in lines or queues. B. There is an absolute system of equality in waiting line in practice. C. Waiting in line means standing in the line en in banks and post office. D. Waiting in line is a common feature of modern society. Section B (15 points) Directions:我们都辜负了爱 Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (1) When I was 12 years old, my family moved to England, the fourth major move in my short life. My father’s government job demanded that he go overas every few years, so I was ud to wrenching mylf away from friends. We rented an 18th-century farmhou in Berkshire. Nearby were ancient castles and churches. Loving nature, however, I was most delighted by the endless patchwork of farms and woodland that surrounded our hou. I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone, playing Robin Hood, daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching. It was heaven for a boy — but a lonely heaven. Keeping to mylf was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon the next time we moved. (2) One spring afternoon I wandered near where I thought I’d glimp a pond the week before. I proceeded quietly, careful not to alarm a bird that might loudly warn other creatures to hide. Perhaps this is why the frail old lady I nearly ran into was as startled as I was. She caught her breath, instinctively touching her throat with her hand. Then recovering quickly, she gave a welcoming smile that instantly put me at ea. “Hello, young man,” she said. “Are you American or Canadian?” (3) American, I explained in a rush, and I lived over the hill, and I was just eing if there was a pond, and farmer Crawford had said it was okay, and anyhow, I was on my way home, so good-bye. As I started to turn, the woman smiled and asked, “Did you e the little owl from the wood over there today?” She pointed toward the edge of the wood. (4) She knew about the owls? I was amazed. “No,” I replied, “but I’ve en them before. Never clo though. They always e me first.” (5) The woman laughed. “Yes, they’re wary,” she said. “But then, gamekeepers have been shooting them ever since they got here. They’re introduced, you know, not native.” (6) “They’re not?” I asked, fascinated. Anybody who knew this sort of stuff was definitely cool —做酱牛肉的方法 even if she was trespassing in my special place. (7) “Oh, no!” she answered, laughing again. “At home I have books on birds that explain all about them. In fact,” she said suddenly, “I was about to go back for tea and jam tart. Would you care to join me?” (8) I had been warned against going off with strangers, but somehow I nd the old woman was harmless. “Sure,” I said. (9) “I’m Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow,” she introduced herlf, extending her fine hand. (10) “Michael,” I said, taking it clumsily in my own. (11) Soon I saw a small brick cottage that glowed pinkly in the westering sun. Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow opened the door and invited me in. I gazed about in silent admiration at the bookshelves, glass-fronted cas containing figures of ivory and carved stone, cabinets full of fossils, trays of pinned butterflies and, best of all, a dozen or so stuffed birds — including a glass-eyed eagle owl. Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow told me how she and her husband had moved to Berkshire after he’d retired as a college professor about ten years earlier. “He pasd away last year,” she said, looking suddenly wistful. “So now I’m alone.” (12) The hour went by much too swiftly. Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow had to practically push me out the door. But she nt me home with two large tomes, one full of beautiful illustrations of birds, and one of butterflies and other incts. I promid to return them the next weekend if she didn’t mind my coming by. She smiled and said she’d look forward to that. (13) I had made the best friend in the world. (14) During the summer I spent blissfully long days with my friend. I discovered she made the finest shortbread in the world. We would explore the wood, munching happily and discussing the books she had lent me. In the afternoons we would return to the cottage, and she would talk about her husband — what a fine man he’d been. Once or twice she emed about to cry and left the room quickly to make more tea. But she always came back smiling. (15) As time pasd, I did not notice that she was growing frailer and less inclined to laugh. I suspected that she was lonely; I did not know she was ill. (16) One morning when I went downstairs to the kitchen, there was a familiar-looking biscuit tin on the table. My mother was regarding me with a strange gentleness. “Son,” she began, painfully. And from the tone of her voice I knew everything instantly. “Mr. Crawford brought the this morning.” She paud, and I could tell she was having difficulty. “Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow left them for you. I’m sorry, Michael, but she died yesterday,” she went on (17) Wordlessly, I took the tin to my room and t it on my bed. Then, hurrying downstairs, I burst through the front door and ran to the woods. I wandered for a long time, until my eyes had dried and I could e clearly again. I looked around me and realized how much I now knew. About birds, incts, plants and trees, thanks to her help. And then I remembered that back in my bedroom I had a tin of the best shortbread in the world, and I should go and eat it like I always did on weekends at Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow’s cottage. (18) In time, that old round tin filled up with dried leaves, fossils and bits of colorful stone, and countless other odds and ends. I still have it. (19) But I have much more, the legacy of that long-ago encounter in the wood. It is a wisdom tutored by nature itlf, about the en and the unen, about things that change and things that are changeless, and about the fact that no matter how emingly different two souls may be, they posss the potential for that most precious, rare thing — an enduring and rewarding friendship. 46. Provide an outline for this short story by dividing it into its paragraph units and offering the main ideas. (5 points) 47. What is the theme of the story? (2 points) 48. Why is it that two people as different from each other as the boy and the old woman could develop such an enduring and rewarding cross-age friendship? (4 points) 49. What are the “en and unen”; “things that change and things that are changeless”? (2 points) 50. What can you learn about the esnce of true friendship after reading the story? Express your view briefly. (2 points) Part Three Translation (60%) Section A (40 points, 20 points for each passage) Directions: Put the following two passages into Chine and write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One However, a new class of environmental problems does affect the global ecological system, and the threats are fundamentally strategic. The 600 percent increa in the amount of chlorine（氯）in the atmosphere during the last forty years has taken place not just in tho countries producing the chlorofluorocarbons（氟利昂）responsible but in the air above every country, above Antarctica, above the North Pole and the Pacific Ocean — all the way from the surface of the earth to the top of the sky. The incread levels of chlorine disrupt the global process by which the earth regulates the amount of ultraviolet radiation from the sun that is allowed through the atmosphere to the surface: and if we let chlorine levels continue to increa, the radiation levels will also increa — to the point that all animal and plant life will face a new threat to their survival. Passage Two I am very good at the techniques of deception, although I am not always able anymore to deceive mylf. In fact, I m continuously astonished by people in the company who fall victim to their own propaganda. There are so many now who actually believe that what we do is really important. This happens not only to salesmen, but to the shrewd, capable executives in top management. It happens to people on my own level and lower. It happens to just about everybody in the company who graduated from a good business school with honors. Every time we launch a new advertising campaign, for example, people inside the company are the first ones to be taken in by it. Section B (20 points) Directions: Put the following passage into English and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. 虽然英语是如何产生的还是个迷，语言学家倾向于认为它和很多欧洲语言来自同一个源头，即印欧母语。英语最初是在公元五世纪入侵英格兰的盎格鲁—撒克逊人使用的。他们将英语的基本词汇传给了我们。在十五个多世纪的发展中，英语大量借用了其他语言，这种借用大大丰富了英语的词汇。随着移民来到美洲建立了独立的美利坚合众国，英语又增添了一个新的变种：美语。虽然有人担忧英语的发展失控了，但大多数以英语为母语的人对他们语言的宽容性感到自豪。 |
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