省译和增译

更新时间:2023-07-18 11:24:42 阅读: 评论:0

省译和增译
(E-C,C-E)
形合和意合
形合,就是指句子内部的词语之间﹑短语之间或分句之间主要用语言手段(即形式手段)连接起来,从而表达出句子的语法意义和逻辑关系 美国研究生学费
意合,指句子内部的词语之间﹑短语之间或分句之间主要用非语言手段(即非形式手段)连接,句子的语法意义和逻辑关系通过词语﹑短语和分句的意义即能表达出来。
省译 和增译
英译汉省译连词
汉译英增译连词
省译 和增译-连词
英文中的连词(conj.)是连接分句与分句或短语与短语的手段,说明所连接成分之间的逻辑关系。其中,连接并列成分的连词称为并列连词 cordinating conjunction)如and but;表示其他逻辑关系,如因果﹑让步﹑条件﹑时间﹑目的﹑结果等从属关系的连词称为从属连词subordinating conjunction
省译 和增译-连词
并列连词从属连词都是英语重要的语法手段,体现了英文句子中严密的逻辑性
汉语中的并列连词,尤其是与英文连词and对应的字并不像英文使用得如此频繁,所以翻译的时候往往省略,特别是连接动词短语或分句的and.
而汉语有时候虽然也使用成对的关联词,如因为所以…”“虽然但是…”“如果…”双鱼座的女人等,但很多时候,汉语的分句与分句之间的关系是通过前后意思表现出来,不一定要依赖连词,因此英译汉时英文中的从属连词往往省译,而汉译英时往往要根据分句之间的连贯添加本来没有的连词。
省译(E-C
1
We went to the opera and saw Carmen.
我们去听歌剧,见到了卡门。
省译(E-C
2
Annie plays softball, and she plays soccer too.
安妮打垒球,也踢足球。
省译(E-C
英文中的and 如果表示顺承关系,即所联系的两个动作或分句是先后关系,在汉语中一般更要省译。如:
3
My friend grew up living in a forest in Europe, and the moon meant a lot to him.
我的朋友在欧洲的一个森林长大,月亮对他来说意义非同一般。
省译(E-C
4
Late at night, underneath the full moon, everything emed bathed in a quiet supernatural light, and we could e the stones in the river, and watch the deer and antelope crossing , almost half a kilometer away.
深夜,一轮满月下,一切似乎都沐浴在超自然的静谧月光之中,我们可以看见河里满是石块,远处大约半公里处,还有鹿群和羚羊穿过。
省译(E-C
5
He shut himlf away and listened to a great deal of loud music.
他把自己关了起来,听了许多声音很大的音乐。
省译(E-C
6:
There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains-and perhaps write, but not in anger.I may grow old there, and wear the bottoms of my trours rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons.
我会在那里种菜,读书,在山间漫步或许还要写作,但没有愤怒。我可能在那里度过晚年,挽起裤脚,悠闲地喝着咖啡度日。
省译(E-C
从属连词在很多时候也省译
7
The chestnut husks split wide when open when they came to the ground, revealing the polished brown of the shy fruit.
栗子落在地上,外壳绽裂开来,羞答答地露出亮棕色的果实。
省译(E-C
8
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
省译(E-C
9
The air was motionless, but when you opened your mouth there was just a faint chill, like a chill from a glass of iced water before you sip, 3但6and now and again a leaf came drifting- from nowhere,from the sky.
一丝风都没有,但张开嘴却可以感到一丝寒意,就像啜饮一杯冰水前先吸到的冷气。偶尔还会有一片叶子飘来不知来自何方,或许来自天上。
省译(E-C
10
We knew spring was coming as we had en a robin.
我们看到了一只知更鸟,知道春天快要来了。
省译(E-C
11
It had been a fine, golden autumn, a lovely farewell to tho who could lo their youth, and some of them their lives, before the leaves turned again in a peacetime fall.
那是个天气晴朗﹑迷人的金色秋天,美好的秋色为那些青年送别。待到战后和平时期,黄叶纷飞的秋天再度来临,当日的青年已经青春不再,有的已经失去了生命。
增译 松赞干布读音C-E名人名言怎么写
以上是英译汉过程中省译连词的例子,从这些例子中我们可以悟出:英译汉时遇到连词应首先想到省译,因为这是英语和汉语的一个区别,如果省译不通,再适当译出连词。而汉译英则相反,在汉译英时尤其要注意添加连词。
增译 C-E
1
母亲吸烟的孩子,他们的肺发育没有达到应该达到的速度,其发育程度实际上比母亲不吸烟的孩子低7%
The lungs of the children who mothers are smokers are not developing as fast as tho of the lungs of the children who mothers are non-smokers and are, in fact, 7% less developed than tho of the latter.
增译 C-E
2
今后五年,中国将新增发电装机容量八千万千瓦,新建铁路一万六千公里新增七千万到八千万门局用电话交换机。
哲理作文In the coming five years, China will increa its power generation capacity by 80 million kilowatts, extend its railway by 16,000 kilometers and increa its telephones lines by 70-80 million.
增译 C-E
除有时根据英文文法添加and外,汉译英时更多的根据意思表现出来的逻辑关系,添加一些表示条件﹑时间﹑原因﹑让步等的从属连词,如:
增译 C-E
3
大学再来进行这样的育婴,岂不是一个没完没了的恶性循环?
Isn’t it an endless vicious cycle if the university continues this kind of “baby-feeding”?
增译 C-E
4
全公司员工共同努力,有什么任务会完不成呢?
If the entire company makes joint effort, what task can’t we fulfill?
增译 C-E
5
居里因车祸去世,居里夫人继续了他的教职,支撑着艰苦的研究工作。
After Mr. Curie was killed in a car accident, Madam Curie took over his teachin
g and persisted in the hard rearch.
增译 C-E
亚琛工业大学车定位6
消费者物价指数持续上涨,政府已经开始采取抑制物价上涨的措施,并开始实施一些惠民政策。
As the CPI (Consumer Price Index) keeps increasing, the government has taken some measures to curb the ri of the price and implemented some policies to benefit the people.
增译 C-E
7
我多次劝他放弃一些不现实的想法,他对此置若罔闻。
Though I have persuaded him for times to give up some unrealistic ideas, he always turns a deaf ear to what I have said.
或:
I have persuaded him for times to give up some unrealistic ideas, but he always turns a deaf ear to what I have said.
增译 C-E
8
这个制度漏洞太多,已失去了效果。
This system has become ineffective since it has many disadvantages.
或:
This system has many disadvantages, so it has lost its effect.

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