状语从句
1． 非连词引导的状语从句(两大类)（实际上它们的用法相当于连词）
第一类：某些名词词组，副词和词组引导的时间状语从句
名词：the moment, the minute, the instant, the day, the year, every time, each time, next time和字怎么组词
副词：immediately, instantly, directly
词组：on condition that“以…为条件”, in the event that“假如”, on the grounds that“因为”
I’ll tell you about it the moment you come.
The instant he learned the truth, he changed his mind.
Every time I traveled by boat, I got asick.
He left Europe the year World War II broke out.
The machine will start instantly you press the button.
I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter.
第二类：某些分词引导的条件，原因，让步状语从句
条件：providing (that)/provided (that)与supposing (that)/suppo (that)的区别
I don’t mind his coming with us provided/providing that he pays for his own meal.
Supposing/suppo the plane doesn’t arrive on time, we’ll have to postpone the meeting.
注：providing/provided that的含义是“在…条件下某事才有可能”, 活到老学到老英语强调条件。
等同于on condition that
supposing/suppo that 的含义是“假定条件下会发生…”，强调假设条件。
小测验：
______ it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
______ you get it back to me tomorrow, sure you can borrow my car.
答案：suppo/supposing, providing/provided
原因：given, considering, eing “考虑到蔬菜拓印画图片…”
Given the circumstances, your decision is justified.
Given (that) there was so little time, I think they’ve done a good job.
Considering the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals.
Considering (that) he was in such a difficult situation, he had coped well.
We could have a joint party, eing (that) your birthday is the same day as mine.
注意：given和considering有介词用法，可以后面接名词，但eing不可以，只能接从句。Seeing比较口语化，用于不正规的场合。
让步：granted/granting (that)和admitting (that) “即使…是事实”
Granted/ Granting that you’ve made some progress, you should not be conceited.
Admitting that he has ability and interest, it does not mean he has time to do the job.
2． 状语从句的省略
理论：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致并带有be动词时，可将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略。
When (I was) young, I looked at such things differently.
Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.
He remained motionless as if (he was) asleep.
Though (we were) beaten, we were not disgraced.
If necessary, we must do it.
请注意这句话，出现if necessary, if possible, when necessary时，可不必考虑从句主语是否和主句主语一致。这种表达方式，其实是it is的省略结构。
*Before given his salary, Tom could hardly afford to buy all his necessities.
Before he was given his salary, Tom could hardly afford to buy all his necessities.
注：在before, after等表示动作先后得从句中，一般不构成省略。
3． 状语从句的倒装
由as, though叶绿体的功能引导的让步状语从句的倒装：
Cold as it is, the children play outdoors.
Well equipped though they were, they lost the battle.
*Well equipped although they were, they lost the battle.
Fail though I did, I would never give up.
Much as I respect him I cannot agree to his suggestion.’
Teacher as he is, Mike is capable of teaching all subjects.
形容词，分词，副词，动词，名词可前置从句首位构成倒装。但注意，名词倒装时，不加冠词。Although不可以引导状从的倒装。
由一汀烟雨杏花寒however引导的强调性状语从句的倒装：
However often you ring, no one will answer.
However annoying his behavior may be, we can’t get rid of him.
做表语或状语的形容词或副词置于however之后。
4． 手机壁纸男生状语从句一般现在时代替将来时
理论：一般说来，当主从都表示将来时，只有从句用将来时态，从句则用一般现在时。
If it rains tomorrow, they’ll not go.
Goods will not be dispatched (发出) unless they are paid for in advance.
I’ll go or stay as the situation requires.
5． 两个连词的用法（while 和 as）
while的四个用法：
1）引导时间状语从句，使用持续性动词，不能用瞬间性动词。（when, as可以）。
2）引导让步状语从句，位于句首，不倒装，相当于although。
3）引导条件状语从句，相当于as long as。
4）引导表示对比关系的并列句，相当于whereas“而”。
They arrived while we were having dinner.（时间）
While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.（让步）
While there is life there is hope.（条件）
Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative.（对比）运动是绝对的，而静止是相对的。
as的五种用法：
1） 引导时间状语从句，相当于when。
2） 引导原因状语从句，“既然，因为”。
3） 引导让步状语从句，必须倒装，等于though。
4） 引导方式状语从句，相当于in the way。
5） 引导定语从句，限定非限定都可以。
I saw him as he was getting off the bus.（时间）
企鹅滑雪As he wasn’t ready in time, we went without him.（原因）
Much as I like you, I will not marry you.（让步）
Do as I do.（方式）
Such women as knew Tom thought he was charming.（限定从）认识拉斐尔Tom的女人都认为他很有魅力。
As you all know, Cyprus is in the Mediterranean.（非限定从）你们大家都知道，塞浦路斯在地中海。
Exercis:
1. ______ you cannot meet us as planned, plea let us know immediately.
A. Such that B. In the event that
C. As if D. In order that
2. ______ I should like to go, I can’t go right now.
A. So much B. Much as
C. As much D. Much so
3. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ______ it comes to classroom tests.
