Synopsis:
Charles Dickens （1812-1870）was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era.[1] His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity during his lifetime, and by the twentieth century critics and scholars had recognized him as a literary genius. His novels and short stories enjoy lasting popularity.[2][3]
Born in Portsmouth, Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was incarcerated in a debtors' prison. Despite his lack of formal education, he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, five novellas, hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights, education, and other social reforms.火字开头的成语
Dickens's literary success began with the 1836 rial publication of The Pickwick Papers. Within a few years he had become an international literary celebrity, famous f
摩托车英语or his humor, satire, and keen obrvation of character and society. His novels, most published in monthly or weekly installments, pioneered the rial publication of narrative fiction, which became the dominant Victorian mode for novel publication.[4][5] The installment format allowed Dickens to evaluate his audience's reaction, and he often modified his plot and character development bad on such feedback.[5] His plots were carefully constructed, and he often wove elements from topical events into his narratives.[7] Mass of the illiterate poor chipped in pennies to have each new monthly episode read to them, opening up and inspiring a new class of readers.[8]
Dickens was regarded as the literary colossus of his age. Oliver Twist and Great Expectations are also frequently adapted, and, like many of his novels, evoke images of early Victorian London. His 1859 novel, A Tale of Two Cities, t in London and Paris, is his best-known work of historical fiction. The term Dickensian is ud to describe something that is reminiscent of Dickens and his writings, such as poor social conditions or comically repulsive characters.[10]
drsEarly years:
如何显示分页符Charles Dickens was born 一公升的眼泪in 1812, at 1 Mile End Terrace, Landport in Porta Island (Portsmouth), the cond of eight children of John Dickens and Elizabeth Dickens. His father was a clerk in the Navy Pay Office and was temporarily stationed in the district.
In January 1815 John Dickens was called back to London, and the family moved to Norfolk Street, Fitzrovia.[13] When Charles was four, they relocated to Sheerness, and thence to Chatham, Kent, where he spent his formative years until the age of 11. His early life ems to have been idyllic, though he thought himlf a "very small and not-over-particularly-taken-care-of boy".[14]
John Dickens was forced by his creditors into the Marshala debtors' prison in Southwark, London in 1824. His wife and youngest children joined him there, as was the practice at the time. Charles, then 12 years old, boarded with Elizabeth Roylance, a family friend, at 112 College Place, Camden Town.[21] Roylance was "a
reduced old lady, long known to our family", whom Dickens later immortalized. They provided the inspiration for the Garlands in The Old Curiosity Shop.[23]宣传工作总结
Charles's mother, Elizabeth Dickens, did not immediately support his removal from the boot-blacking warehou. This influenced Dickens's view that a father should rule the family, and a mother find her proper sphere inside the home. His mother's failure to request his return was a factor in his dissatisfied attitude towards women.[28]
你说我说In 1830, Dickens met his first love, Maria Beadnell, thought to have been the model for the character Dora in David Copperfield. Maria's parents disapproved of the courtship and ended the relationship by nding her to school in Paris.[34]
Middle years:
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In late November 1851, Dickens moved into Tavistock Hou where he wrote Bleak Hou (1852–53), Hard Times (1854), and Little Dorrit (1856).[80] It was here that he
indulged in the amateur theatricals described in Forster's "Life".[81] During this period he worked cloly with the novelist and playwright Wilkie Collins. In 1856, his income from writing allowed him to buy Gad's Hill Place in Higham, Kent.
In 1857, Dickens hired professional actress for the play The Frozen Deep. Dickens fell deeply in love with one of the actress, Ellen Ternan, and this passion was to last the rest of his life.[83] Dickens was 45 and Ternan 18 when he made the decision, which went strongly against Victorian convention, to parate from his wife, Catherine, in 1858—divorce was still unthinkable for someone as famous as he was. When Catherine left, never to e her husband again, she took with her one child, leaving the other children to be raid by her sister Georgina who cho to stay at Gad's Hill.[58]
